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.\" ========================================================================
.\"
.IX Title "OPENSSL-VERIFY 1"
.TH OPENSSL-VERIFY 1 "2020-03-02" "3.0.0-dev" "OpenSSL"
.\" For nroff, turn off justification.  Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
.if n .ad l
.nh
.SH "NAME"
openssl\-verify \- Utility to verify certificates
.SH "SYNOPSIS"
.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
\&\fBopenssl\fR \fBverify\fR
[\fB\-help\fR]
[\fB\-CRLfile\fR \fIfile\fR]
[\fB\-crl_download\fR]
[\fB\-show_chain\fR]
[\fB\-sm2\-id\fR \fIhexstring\fR]
[\fB\-sm2\-hex\-id\fR \fIhexstring\fR]
[\fB\-verbose\fR]
[\fB\-trusted\fR \fIfile\fR]
[\fB\-untrusted\fR \fIfile\fR]
[\fB\-nameopt\fR \fIoption\fR]
[\fB\-CAfile\fR \fIfile\fR]
[\fB\-no\-CAfile\fR]
[\fB\-CApath\fR \fIdir\fR]
[\fB\-no\-CApath\fR]
[\fB\-CAstore\fR \fIuri\fR]
[\fB\-no\-CAstore\fR]
[\fB\-engine\fR \fIid\fR]
[\fB\-allow_proxy_certs\fR]
[\fB\-attime\fR \fItimestamp\fR]
[\fB\-no_check_time\fR]
[\fB\-check_ss_sig\fR]
[\fB\-crl_check\fR]
[\fB\-crl_check_all\fR]
[\fB\-explicit_policy\fR]
[\fB\-extended_crl\fR]
[\fB\-ignore_critical\fR]
[\fB\-inhibit_any\fR]
[\fB\-inhibit_map\fR]
[\fB\-partial_chain\fR]
[\fB\-policy\fR \fIarg\fR]
[\fB\-policy_check\fR]
[\fB\-policy_print\fR]
[\fB\-purpose\fR \fIpurpose\fR]
[\fB\-suiteB_128\fR]
[\fB\-suiteB_128_only\fR]
[\fB\-suiteB_192\fR]
[\fB\-trusted_first\fR]
[\fB\-no_alt_chains\fR]
[\fB\-use_deltas\fR]
[\fB\-auth_level\fR \fInum\fR]
[\fB\-verify_depth\fR \fInum\fR]
[\fB\-verify_email\fR \fIemail\fR]
[\fB\-verify_hostname\fR \fIhostname\fR]
[\fB\-verify_ip\fR \fIip\fR]
[\fB\-verify_name\fR \fIname\fR]
[\fB\-x509_strict\fR]
[\fB\-issuer_checks\fR]
.PP
[\fB\-\-\fR]
[\fIcertificate\fR ...]
.SH "DESCRIPTION"
.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
This command verifies certificate chains.
.SH "OPTIONS"
.IX Header "OPTIONS"
.IP "\fB\-help\fR" 4
.IX Item "-help"
Print out a usage message.
.IP "\fB\-CAfile\fR \fIfile\fR, \fB\-no\-CAfile\fR, \fB\-CApath\fR \fIdir\fR, \fB\-no\-CApath\fR" 4
.IX Item "-CAfile file, -no-CAfile, -CApath dir, -no-CApath"
See \*(L"Trusted Certificate Options\*(R" in \fIopenssl\fR\|(1) for more information.
.IP "\fB\-CRLfile\fR \fIfile\fR" 4
.IX Item "-CRLfile file"
The \fIfile\fR should contain one or more CRLs in \s-1PEM\s0 format.
This option can be specified more than once to include CRLs from multiple
\&\fIfile\fRs.
.IP "\fB\-crl_download\fR" 4
.IX Item "-crl_download"
Attempt to download \s-1CRL\s0 information for this certificate.
.IP "\fB\-show_chain\fR" 4
.IX Item "-show_chain"
Display information about the certificate chain that has been built (if
successful). Certificates in the chain that came from the untrusted list will be
flagged as \*(L"untrusted\*(R".
.IP "\fB\-sm2\-id\fR \fIhexstring\fR" 4
.IX Item "-sm2-id hexstring"
Specify the \s-1ID\s0 string to use when verifying an \s-1SM2\s0 certificate. The \s-1ID\s0 string is
required by the \s-1SM2\s0 signature algorithm for signing and verification.
.IP "\fB\-sm2\-hex\-id\fR \fIhexstring\fR" 4
.IX Item "-sm2-hex-id hexstring"
Specify a binary \s-1ID\s0 string to use when signing or verifying using an \s-1SM2\s0
certificate. The argument for this option is string of hexadecimal digits.
.IP "\fB\-verbose\fR" 4
.IX Item "-verbose"
Print extra information about the operations being performed.
.IP "\fB\-trusted\fR \fIfile\fR" 4
.IX Item "-trusted file"
A file of trusted certificates.
.IP "\fB\-untrusted\fR \fIfile\fR" 4
.IX Item "-untrusted file"
A file of untrusted certificates.
.IP "\fB\-nameopt\fR \fIoption\fR" 4
.IX Item "-nameopt option"
This specifies how the subject or issuer names are displayed.
See \*(L"Name Format Options\*(R" in \fIopenssl\fR\|(1) for details.
.IP "\fB\-engine\fR \fIid\fR" 4
.IX Item "-engine id"
See \*(L"Engine Options\*(R" in \fIopenssl\fR\|(1).
To load certificates or CRLs that require engine support, specify the
\&\fB\-engine\fR option before any of the
\&\fB\-trusted\fR, \fB\-untrusted\fR or \fB\-CRLfile\fR options.
.IP "\fB\-CAfile\fR \fIfile\fR, \fB\-no\-CAfile\fR, \fB\-CApath\fR \fIdir\fR, \fB\-no\-CApath\fR, \fB\-CAstore\fR \fIuri\fR, \fB\-no\-CAstore\fR" 4
.IX Item "-CAfile file, -no-CAfile, -CApath dir, -no-CApath, -CAstore uri, -no-CAstore"
See \*(L"Trusted Certificate Options\*(R" in \fIopenssl\fR\|(1) for details.
.IP "\fB\-allow_proxy_certs\fR, \fB\-attime\fR, \fB\-no_check_time\fR, \fB\-check_ss_sig\fR, \fB\-crl_check\fR, \fB\-crl_check_all\fR, \fB\-explicit_policy\fR, \fB\-extended_crl\fR, \fB\-ignore_critical\fR, \fB\-inhibit_any\fR, \fB\-inhibit_map\fR, \fB\-no_alt_chains\fR, \fB\-partial_chain\fR, \fB\-policy\fR, \fB\-policy_check\fR, \fB\-policy_print\fR, \fB\-purpose\fR, \fB\-suiteB_128\fR, \fB\-suiteB_128_only\fR, \fB\-suiteB_192\fR, \fB\-trusted_first\fR, \fB\-use_deltas\fR, \fB\-auth_level\fR, \fB\-verify_depth\fR, \fB\-verify_email\fR, \fB\-verify_hostname\fR, \fB\-verify_ip\fR, \fB\-verify_name\fR, \fB\-x509_strict\fR \fB\-issuer_checks\fR" 4
.IX Item "-allow_proxy_certs, -attime, -no_check_time, -check_ss_sig, -crl_check, -crl_check_all, -explicit_policy, -extended_crl, -ignore_critical, -inhibit_any, -inhibit_map, -no_alt_chains, -partial_chain, -policy, -policy_check, -policy_print, -purpose, -suiteB_128, -suiteB_128_only, -suiteB_192, -trusted_first, -use_deltas, -auth_level, -verify_depth, -verify_email, -verify_hostname, -verify_ip, -verify_name, -x509_strict -issuer_checks"
Set various options of certificate chain verification.
See \*(L"Verification Options\*(R" in \fIopenssl\fR\|(1) for details.
.IP "\fB\-\-\fR" 4
.IX Item "--"
Indicates the last option. All arguments following this are assumed to be
certificate files. This is useful if the first certificate filename begins
with a \fB\-\fR.
.IP "\fIcertificate\fR ..." 4
.IX Item "certificate ..."
One or more certificates to verify. If no certificates are given,
this command will attempt to read a certificate from standard input.
Certificates must be in \s-1PEM\s0 format.
If a certificate chain has multiple problems, this program tries to
display all of them.
.SH "DIAGNOSTICS"
.IX Header "DIAGNOSTICS"
When a verify operation fails the output messages can be somewhat cryptic. The
general form of the error message is:
.PP
.Vb 2
\& server.pem: /C=AU/ST=Queensland/O=CryptSoft Pty Ltd/CN=Test CA (1024 bit)
\& error 24 at 1 depth lookup:invalid CA certificate
.Ve
.PP
The first line contains the name of the certificate being verified followed by
the subject name of the certificate. The second line contains the error number
and the depth. The depth is number of the certificate being verified when a
problem was detected starting with zero for the certificate being verified itself
then 1 for the \s-1CA\s0 that signed the certificate and so on. Finally a text version
of the error number is presented.
.PP
A list of the error codes and messages can be found in
\&\fIX509_STORE_CTX_get_error\fR\|(3); the full list is defined in the header file
\&\fI<openssl/x509_vfy.h>\fR.
.PP
This command ignores many errors, in order to allow all the problems with a
certificate chain to be determined.
.SH "BUGS"
.IX Header "BUGS"
Although the issuer checks are a considerable improvement over the old
technique they still suffer from limitations in the underlying X509_LOOKUP
\&\s-1API\s0. One consequence of this is that trusted certificates with matching
subject name must either appear in a file (as specified by the \fB\-CAfile\fR
option), a directory (as specified by \fB\-CApath\fR), or a store (as specified
by \fB\-CAstore\fR). If they occur in more than one location then only the
certificates in the file will be recognised.
.PP
Previous versions of OpenSSL assume certificates with matching subject
name are identical and mishandled them.
.PP
Previous versions of this documentation swapped the meaning of the
\&\fBX509_V_ERR_UNABLE_TO_GET_ISSUER_CERT\fR and
\&\fBX509_V_ERR_UNABLE_TO_GET_ISSUER_CERT_LOCALLY\fR error codes.
.SH "SEE ALSO"
.IX Header "SEE ALSO"
\&\fIopenssl\fR\|(1),
\&\fIopenssl\-x509\fR\|(1),
\&\fIossl_store\-file\fR\|(7)
.SH "HISTORY"
.IX Header "HISTORY"
The \fB\-show_chain\fR option was added in OpenSSL 1.1.0.
.PP
The \fB\-sm2\-id\fR and \fB\-sm2\-hex\-id\fR options were added in OpenSSL 3.0.
.SH "COPYRIGHT"
.IX Header "COPYRIGHT"
Copyright 2000\-2019 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.
.PP
Licensed under the Apache License 2.0 (the \*(L"License\*(R").  You may not use
this file except in compliance with the License.  You can obtain a copy
in the file \s-1LICENSE\s0 in the source distribution or at
<https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html>.