Follow-up to "block: enable by default support for large devices
and files on 32-bit archs".
Rename CONFIG_LBD to CONFIG_LBDAF to:
- allow update of existing [def]configs for "default y" change
- reflect that it is used also for large files support nowadays
Signed-off-by: Bartlomiej Zolnierkiewicz <bzolnier@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
Note that since we can't run into contention between remount_fs and write_super
(due to exclusion on s_umount), we have to care only about filesystems that
touch lock_super() on their own. Out of those ext3, ext4, hpfs, sysv and ufs
do need it; fat doesn't since its ->remount_fs() only accesses assign-once
data (basically, it's "we have no atime on directories and only have atime on
files for vfat; force nodiratime and possibly noatime into *flags").
[folded a build fix from hch]
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Move BKL into ->put_super from the only caller. A couple of
filesystems had trivial enough ->put_super (only kfree and NULLing of
s_fs_info + stuff in there) to not get any locking: coda, cramfs, efs,
hugetlbfs, omfs, qnx4, shmem, all others got the full treatment. Most
of them probably don't need it, but I'd rather sort that out individually.
Preferably after all the other BKL pushdowns in that area.
[AV: original used to move lock_super() down as well; these changes are
removed since we don't do lock_super() at all in generic_shutdown_super()
now]
[AV: fuse, btrfs and xfs are known to need no damn BKL, exempt]
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
* 'for-2.6.31' of git://git.kernel.dk/linux-2.6-block: (153 commits)
block: add request clone interface (v2)
floppy: fix hibernation
ramdisk: remove long-deprecated "ramdisk=" boot-time parameter
fs/bio.c: add missing __user annotation
block: prevent possible io_context->refcount overflow
Add serial number support for virtio_blk, V4a
block: Add missing bounce_pfn stacking and fix comments
Revert "block: Fix bounce limit setting in DM"
cciss: decode unit attention in SCSI error handling code
cciss: Remove no longer needed sendcmd reject processing code
cciss: change SCSI error handling routines to work with interrupts enabled.
cciss: separate error processing and command retrying code in sendcmd_withirq_core()
cciss: factor out fix target status processing code from sendcmd functions
cciss: simplify interface of sendcmd() and sendcmd_withirq()
cciss: factor out core of sendcmd_withirq() for use by SCSI error handling code
cciss: Use schedule_timeout_uninterruptible in SCSI error handling code
block: needs to set the residual length of a bidi request
Revert "block: implement blkdev_readpages"
block: Fix bounce limit setting in DM
Removed reference to non-existing file Documentation/PCI/PCI-DMA-mapping.txt
...
Manually fix conflicts with tracing updates in:
block/blk-sysfs.c
drivers/ide/ide-atapi.c
drivers/ide/ide-cd.c
drivers/ide/ide-floppy.c
drivers/ide/ide-tape.c
include/trace/events/block.h
kernel/trace/blktrace.c
Until now we have had a 1:1 mapping between storage device physical
block size and the logical block sized used when addressing the device.
With SATA 4KB drives coming out that will no longer be the case. The
sector size will be 4KB but the logical block size will remain
512-bytes. Hence we need to distinguish between the physical block size
and the logical ditto.
This patch renames hardsect_size to logical_block_size.
Signed-off-by: Martin K. Petersen <martin.petersen@oracle.com>
Signed-off-by: Jens Axboe <jens.axboe@oracle.com>
This makes the defautl ext3 data ordering mode (when no explicit
ordering is set) configurable, so as to allow people to default to
'data=writeback' and get the resulting latency improvements.
This is a non-issue if a filesystem has been explicitly set to some
ordering (with 'tune2fs').
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This reverts commit c87591b719.
Since journal_start_commit() is now fixed to return 1 when we started a
transaction commit, there's some transaction waiting to be committed or
there's a transaction already committing, we don't need to call
ext3_force_commit() in ext3_sync_fs(). Furthermore ext3_force_commit()
can unnecessarily create sync transaction which is expensive so it's
worthwhile to remove it when we can.
Cc: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>
Cc: <linux-ext4@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Currently, ext3 in mainline Linux doesn't have the freeze feature which
suspends write requests. So, we cannot take a backup which keeps the
filesystem's consistency with the storage device's features (snapshot and
replication) while it is mounted.
In many case, a commercial filesystem (e.g. VxFS) has the freeze feature
and it would be used to get the consistent backup.
If Linux's standard filesystem ext3 has the freeze feature, we can do it
without a commercial filesystem.
So I have implemented the ioctls of the freeze feature.
I think we can take the consistent backup with the following steps.
1. Freeze the filesystem with the freeze ioctl.
2. Separate the replication volume or create the snapshot
with the storage device's feature.
3. Unfreeze the filesystem with the unfreeze ioctl.
4. Take the backup from the separated replication volume
or the snapshot.
This patch:
VFS:
Changed the type of write_super_lockfs and unlockfs from "void"
to "int" so that they can return an error.
Rename write_super_lockfs and unlockfs of the super block operation
freeze_fs and unfreeze_fs to avoid a confusion.
ext3, ext4, xfs, gfs2, jfs:
Changed the type of write_super_lockfs and unlockfs from "void"
to "int" so that write_super_lockfs returns an error if needed,
and unlockfs always returns 0.
reiserfs:
Changed the type of write_super_lockfs and unlockfs from "void"
to "int" so that they always return 0 (success) to keep a current behavior.
Signed-off-by: Takashi Sato <t-sato@yk.jp.nec.com>
Signed-off-by: Masayuki Hamaguchi <m-hamaguchi@ys.jp.nec.com>
Cc: <xfs-masters@oss.sgi.com>
Cc: <linux-ext4@vger.kernel.org>
Cc: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Dave Kleikamp <shaggy@austin.ibm.com>
Cc: Dave Chinner <david@fromorbit.com>
Cc: Alasdair G Kergon <agk@redhat.com>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* 'for_linus' of git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/tytso/ext4: (57 commits)
jbd2: Fix oops in jbd2_journal_init_inode() on corrupted fs
ext4: Remove "extents" mount option
block: Add Kconfig help which notes that ext4 needs CONFIG_LBD
ext4: Make printk's consistently prefixed with "EXT4-fs: "
ext4: Add sanity checks for the superblock before mounting the filesystem
ext4: Add mount option to set kjournald's I/O priority
jbd2: Submit writes to the journal using WRITE_SYNC
jbd2: Add pid and journal device name to the "kjournald2 starting" message
ext4: Add markers for better debuggability
ext4: Remove code to create the journal inode
ext4: provide function to release metadata pages under memory pressure
ext3: provide function to release metadata pages under memory pressure
add releasepage hooks to block devices which can be used by file systems
ext4: Fix s_dirty_blocks_counter if block allocation failed with nodelalloc
ext4: Init the complete page while building buddy cache
ext4: Don't allow new groups to be added during block allocation
ext4: mark the blocks/inode bitmap beyond end of group as used
ext4: Use new buffer_head flag to check uninit group bitmaps initialization
ext4: Fix the race between read_inode_bitmap() and ext4_new_inode()
ext4: code cleanup
...
As spotted by kmemtrace, struct ext3_sb_info is 17152 bytes on 64-bit
which makes it a very bad fit for SLAB allocators. The culprit of the
wasted memory is ->s_blockgroup_lock which can be as big as 16 KB when
NR_CPUS >= 32.
To fix that, allocate ->s_blockgroup_lock, which fits nicely in a order 2
page in the worst case, separately. This shinks down struct ext3_sb_info
enough to fit a 1 KB slab cache so now we allocate 16 KB + 1 KB instead of
32 KB saving 15 KB of memory.
Acked-by: Andreas Dilger <adilger@sun.com>
Signed-off-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Cc: <linux-ext4@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Pages in the page cache belonging to ext3 data files are released via
the ext3_releasepage() function specified in the ext3 inode's
address_space_ops. However, metadata blocks (such as indirect blocks,
directory blocks, etc) are managed via the block device
address_space_ops, and they can not be released by
try_to_free_buffers() if they have a journal head attached to them.
To address this, we supply a try_to_free_pages() function which calls
journal_try_to_free_buffers() function to free the metadata, and which
is called by the block device's blkdev_releasepage() function.
Signed-off-by: Toshiyuki Okajima <toshi.okajima@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org
In ext3_sync_fs, we only wait for a commit to finish if we started it, but
there may be one already in progress which will not be synced.
In the case of a data=ordered umount with pending long symlinks which are
delayed due to a long list of other I/O on the backing block device, this
causes the buffer associated with the long symlinks to not be moved to the
inode dirty list in the second phase of fsync_super. Then, before they
can be dirtied again, kjournald exits, seeing the UMOUNT flag and the
dirty pages are never written to the backing block device, causing long
symlink corruption and exposing new or previously freed block data to
userspace.
This can be reproduced with a script created
by Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>:
#!/bin/bash
umount /mnt/test2
mount /dev/sdb4 /mnt/test2
rm -f /mnt/test2/*
dd if=/dev/zero of=/mnt/test2/bigfile bs=1M count=512
touch
/mnt/test2/thisisveryveryveryveryveryveryveryveryveryveryveryveryveryveryveryverylongfilename
ln -s
/mnt/test2/thisisveryveryveryveryveryveryveryveryveryveryveryveryveryveryveryverylongfilename
/mnt/test2/link
umount /mnt/test2
mount /dev/sdb4 /mnt/test2
ls /mnt/test2/
umount /mnt/test2
To ensure all commits are synced, we flush all journal commits now when
sync_fs'ing ext3.
Signed-off-by: Arthur Jones <ajones@riverbed.com>
Cc: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>
Cc: Theodore Ts'o <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: <linux-ext4@vger.kernel.org>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org> [2.6.everything]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The original ext3 hash algorithms assumed that variables of type char
were signed, as God and K&R intended. Unfortunately, this assumption
is not true on some architectures. Userspace support for marking
filesystems with non-native signed/unsigned chars was added two years
ago, but the kernel-side support was never added (until now).
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Cc: akpm@linux-foundation.org
Cc: linux-kernel@vger.kernel.org
Vegard Nossum reported a bug which accesses freed memory (found via
kmemcheck). When journal has been aborted, ext3_put_super() calls
ext3_abort() after freeing the journal_t object, and then ext3_abort()
accesses it. This patch fix it.
Signed-off-by: Hidehiro Kawai <hidehiro.kawai.ez@hitachi.com>
Acked-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
This one was due to a merge error: we added a use of nd.path in commit
2d7c820e56 ("ext3: add checks for errors
from jbd"), and concurrently we got rid of 'nd' and used a naked 'path'
in commit 8264613def ("[PATCH] switch
quota_on-related stuff to kern_path()").
That all merged cleanly, but it didn't actually _work_. This should fix
it.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* git://git.kernel.org/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/viro/bdev: (66 commits)
[PATCH] kill the rest of struct file propagation in block ioctls
[PATCH] get rid of struct file use in blkdev_ioctl() BLKBSZSET
[PATCH] get rid of blkdev_locked_ioctl()
[PATCH] get rid of blkdev_driver_ioctl()
[PATCH] sanitize blkdev_get() and friends
[PATCH] remember mode of reiserfs journal
[PATCH] propagate mode through swsusp_close()
[PATCH] propagate mode through open_bdev_excl/close_bdev_excl
[PATCH] pass fmode_t to blkdev_put()
[PATCH] kill the unused bsize on the send side of /dev/loop
[PATCH] trim file propagation in block/compat_ioctl.c
[PATCH] end of methods switch: remove the old ones
[PATCH] switch sr
[PATCH] switch sd
[PATCH] switch ide-scsi
[PATCH] switch tape_block
[PATCH] switch dcssblk
[PATCH] switch dasd
[PATCH] switch mtd_blkdevs
[PATCH] switch mmc
...
If the journal has aborted due to a checkpointing failure, we have to
keep the contents of the journal space. Otherwise, the filesystem will
lose uncheckpointed metadata completely and become inconsistent. To
avoid this, we need to keep needs_recovery flag if checkpoint has
failed.
With this patch, ext3_put_super() detects a checkpointing failure from
the return value of journal_destroy(), then it invokes ext3_abort() to
make the filesystem read only and keep needs_recovery flag. Errors
from journal_flush() are also handled by this patch in some places.
Signed-off-by: Hidehiro Kawai <hidehiro.kawai.ez@hitachi.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@ucw.cz>
Cc: Stephen Rothwell <sfr@canb.auug.org.au>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: <linux-ext4@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
If the journal doesn't abort when it gets an IO error in file data blocks,
the file data corruption will spread silently. Because most of
applications and commands do buffered writes without fsync(), they don't
notice the IO error. It's scary for mission critical systems. On the
other hand, if the journal aborts whenever it gets an IO error in file
data blocks, the system will easily become inoperable. So this patch
introduces a filesystem option to determine whether it aborts the journal
or just call printk() when it gets an IO error in file data.
If you mount a ext3 fs with data_err=abort option, it aborts on file data
write error. If you mount it with data_err=ignore, it doesn't abort, just
call printk(). data_err=ignore is the default.
Signed-off-by: Hidehiro Kawai <hidehiro.kawai.ez@hitachi.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@ucw.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This is a much better version of a previous patch to make the parser
tables constant. Rather than changing the typedef, we put the "const" in
all the various places where its required, allowing the __initconst
exception for nfsroot which was the cause of the previous trouble.
This was posted for review some time ago and I believe its been in -mm
since then.
Signed-off-by: Steven Whitehouse <swhiteho@redhat.com>
Cc: Alexander Viro <aviro@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* new helper: vfs_quota_on_path(); equivalent of vfs_quota_on() sans the
pathname resolution.
* callers of vfs_quota_on() that do their own pathname resolution and
checks based on it are switched to vfs_quota_on_path(); that way we
avoid the races.
* reiserfs leaked dentry/vfsmount references on several failure exits.
Signed-off-by: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Kmem cache passed to constructor is only needed for constructors that are
themselves multiplexeres. Nobody uses this "feature", nor does anybody uses
passed kmem cache in non-trivial way, so pass only pointer to object.
Non-trivial places are:
arch/powerpc/mm/init_64.c
arch/powerpc/mm/hugetlbpage.c
This is flag day, yes.
Signed-off-by: Alexey Dobriyan <adobriyan@gmail.com>
Acked-by: Pekka Enberg <penberg@cs.helsinki.fi>
Acked-by: Christoph Lameter <cl@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: Jon Tollefson <kniht@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: Nick Piggin <nickpiggin@yahoo.com.au>
Cc: Matt Mackall <mpm@selenic.com>
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix arch/powerpc/mm/hugetlbpage.c]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix mm/slab.c]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix ubifs]
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
We should not allow user to change quota mount options when quota is just
suspended. I would make mount options and internal quota state inconsistent.
Also we should not allow user to change quota format when quota is turned on.
On the other hand we can just silently ignore when some option is set to the
value it already has (mount does this on remount).
Cc: <linux-ext4@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Cc: <linux-ext4@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
In journal=data mode, it is not enough to do write_inode_now as done in
vfs_quota_on() to write all data to their final location (which is needed for
quota_read to work correctly). Calling journal_flush() does its job.
Reported-by: Nick <gentuu@gmail.com>
Cc: <linux-ext4@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When write in ext3_quota_write() fails, we have to properly release
i_mutex. One error path has been missing the unlock...
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
__FUNCTION__ is gcc-specific, use __func__
Signed-off-by: Harvey Harrison <harvey.harrison@gmail.com>
Cc: <linux-ext4@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
When quota is disabled, we should not print 'journaled quota not supported'
when user tried to mount non-journaled quota. Also fix typo in the message.
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Call dquot_drop() from ext3_dquot_drop() even if we fail to start a
transaction. Otherwise we never get to dropping references to quota
structures from the inode and umount will hang indefinitely. Thanks to
Payphone LIOU for spotting the problem.
Signed-off-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: Payphone LIOU <lioupayphone@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Convert byte order of constant instead of variable which can be done at
compile time (vs run time).
Signed-off-by: Marcin Slusarz <marcin.slusarz@gmail.com>
Cc: <linux-ext4@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The "resize" option won't be noticed as it comes after the NULL option, so if
you try to mount (or in this case remount) with that option it won't be
recognized.
Signed-off-by: Josef Bacik <jbacik@redhat.com>
Cc: <linux-ext4@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* Add path_put() functions for releasing a reference to the dentry and
vfsmount of a struct path in the right order
* Switch from path_release(nd) to path_put(&nd->path)
* Rename dput_path() to path_put_conditional()
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix cifs]
Signed-off-by: Jan Blunck <jblunck@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andreas Gruenbacher <agruen@suse.de>
Acked-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: <linux-fsdevel@vger.kernel.org>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Steven French <sfrench@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
This is the central patch of a cleanup series. In most cases there is no good
reason why someone would want to use a dentry for itself. This series reflects
that fact and embeds a struct path into nameidata.
Together with the other patches of this series
- it enforced the correct order of getting/releasing the reference count on
<dentry,vfsmount> pairs
- it prepares the VFS for stacking support since it is essential to have a
struct path in every place where the stack can be traversed
- it reduces the overall code size:
without patch series:
text data bss dec hex filename
5321639 858418 715768 6895825 6938d1 vmlinux
with patch series:
text data bss dec hex filename
5320026 858418 715768 6894212 693284 vmlinux
This patch:
Switch from nd->{dentry,mnt} to nd->path.{dentry,mnt} everywhere.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix cifs]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: fix smack]
Signed-off-by: Jan Blunck <jblunck@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andreas Gruenbacher <agruen@suse.de>
Acked-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Cc: Al Viro <viro@zeniv.linux.org.uk>
Cc: Casey Schaufler <casey@schaufler-ca.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Stop the EXT3 filesystem from using iget() and read_inode(). Replace
ext3_read_inode() with ext3_iget(), and call that instead of iget().
ext3_iget() then uses iget_locked() directly and returns a proper error code
instead of an inode in the event of an error.
ext3_fill_super() returns any error incurred when getting the root inode
instead of EINVAL.
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: coding-style fixes]
Signed-off-by: David Howells <dhowells@redhat.com>
Acked-by: "Theodore Ts'o" <tytso@mit.edu>
Acked-by: Jan Kara <jack@suse.cz>
Cc: <linux-ext4@vger.kernel.org>
Acked-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Use ext[234]_get_group_desc() to get group descriptor from group number.
Cc: <linux-ext4@vger.kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Akinobu Mita <akinobu.mita@gmail.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
ext3 file system was by default ignoring errors and continuing. This is
not a good default as continuing on error could lead to file system
corruption. Change the default to mark the file system readonly. Debian
and ubuntu already does this as the default in their fstab.
Signed-off-by: Aneesh Kumar K.V <aneesh.kumar@linux.vnet.ibm.com>
Cc: <linux-ext4@vger.kernel.org>
Cc: Eric Sandeen <sandeen@redhat.com>
Cc: Jan Kara <jack@ucw.cz>
Cc: Dave Jones <davej@codemonkey.org.uk>
Cc: Chuck Ebbert <cebbert@redhat.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
