This is a new slab allocator which was motivated by the complexity of the
existing code in mm/slab.c. It attempts to address a variety of concerns
with the existing implementation.
A. Management of object queues
A particular concern was the complex management of the numerous object
queues in SLAB. SLUB has no such queues. Instead we dedicate a slab for
each allocating CPU and use objects from a slab directly instead of
queueing them up.
B. Storage overhead of object queues
SLAB Object queues exist per node, per CPU. The alien cache queue even
has a queue array that contain a queue for each processor on each
node. For very large systems the number of queues and the number of
objects that may be caught in those queues grows exponentially. On our
systems with 1k nodes / processors we have several gigabytes just tied up
for storing references to objects for those queues This does not include
the objects that could be on those queues. One fears that the whole
memory of the machine could one day be consumed by those queues.
C. SLAB meta data overhead
SLAB has overhead at the beginning of each slab. This means that data
cannot be naturally aligned at the beginning of a slab block. SLUB keeps
all meta data in the corresponding page_struct. Objects can be naturally
aligned in the slab. F.e. a 128 byte object will be aligned at 128 byte
boundaries and can fit tightly into a 4k page with no bytes left over.
SLAB cannot do this.
D. SLAB has a complex cache reaper
SLUB does not need a cache reaper for UP systems. On SMP systems
the per CPU slab may be pushed back into partial list but that
operation is simple and does not require an iteration over a list
of objects. SLAB expires per CPU, shared and alien object queues
during cache reaping which may cause strange hold offs.
E. SLAB has complex NUMA policy layer support
SLUB pushes NUMA policy handling into the page allocator. This means that
allocation is coarser (SLUB does interleave on a page level) but that
situation was also present before 2.6.13. SLABs application of
policies to individual slab objects allocated in SLAB is
certainly a performance concern due to the frequent references to
memory policies which may lead a sequence of objects to come from
one node after another. SLUB will get a slab full of objects
from one node and then will switch to the next.
F. Reduction of the size of partial slab lists
SLAB has per node partial lists. This means that over time a large
number of partial slabs may accumulate on those lists. These can
only be reused if allocator occur on specific nodes. SLUB has a global
pool of partial slabs and will consume slabs from that pool to
decrease fragmentation.
G. Tunables
SLAB has sophisticated tuning abilities for each slab cache. One can
manipulate the queue sizes in detail. However, filling the queues still
requires the uses of the spin lock to check out slabs. SLUB has a global
parameter (min_slab_order) for tuning. Increasing the minimum slab
order can decrease the locking overhead. The bigger the slab order the
less motions of pages between per CPU and partial lists occur and the
better SLUB will be scaling.
G. Slab merging
We often have slab caches with similar parameters. SLUB detects those
on boot up and merges them into the corresponding general caches. This
leads to more effective memory use. About 50% of all caches can
be eliminated through slab merging. This will also decrease
slab fragmentation because partial allocated slabs can be filled
up again. Slab merging can be switched off by specifying
slub_nomerge on boot up.
Note that merging can expose heretofore unknown bugs in the kernel
because corrupted objects may now be placed differently and corrupt
differing neighboring objects. Enable sanity checks to find those.
H. Diagnostics
The current slab diagnostics are difficult to use and require a
recompilation of the kernel. SLUB contains debugging code that
is always available (but is kept out of the hot code paths).
SLUB diagnostics can be enabled via the "slab_debug" option.
Parameters can be specified to select a single or a group of
slab caches for diagnostics. This means that the system is running
with the usual performance and it is much more likely that
race conditions can be reproduced.
I. Resiliency
If basic sanity checks are on then SLUB is capable of detecting
common error conditions and recover as best as possible to allow the
system to continue.
J. Tracing
Tracing can be enabled via the slab_debug=T,<slabcache> option
during boot. SLUB will then protocol all actions on that slabcache
and dump the object contents on free.
K. On demand DMA cache creation.
Generally DMA caches are not needed. If a kmalloc is used with
__GFP_DMA then just create this single slabcache that is needed.
For systems that have no ZONE_DMA requirement the support is
completely eliminated.
L. Performance increase
Some benchmarks have shown speed improvements on kernbench in the
range of 5-10%. The locking overhead of slub is based on the
underlying base allocation size. If we can reliably allocate
larger order pages then it is possible to increase slub
performance much further. The anti-fragmentation patches may
enable further performance increases.
Tested on:
i386 UP + SMP, x86_64 UP + SMP + NUMA emulation, IA64 NUMA + Simulator
SLUB Boot options
slub_nomerge Disable merging of slabs
slub_min_order=x Require a minimum order for slab caches. This
increases the managed chunk size and therefore
reduces meta data and locking overhead.
slub_min_objects=x Mininum objects per slab. Default is 8.
slub_max_order=x Avoid generating slabs larger than order specified.
slub_debug Enable all diagnostics for all caches
slub_debug=<options> Enable selective options for all caches
slub_debug=<o>,<cache> Enable selective options for a certain set of
caches
Available Debug options
F Double Free checking, sanity and resiliency
R Red zoning
P Object / padding poisoning
U Track last free / alloc
T Trace all allocs / frees (only use for individual slabs).
To use SLUB: Apply this patch and then select SLUB as the default slab
allocator.
[hugh@veritas.com: fix an oops-causing locking error]
[akpm@linux-foundation.org: various stupid cleanups and small fixes]
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Hugh Dickins <hugh@veritas.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
* 'for-linus' of git://one.firstfloor.org/home/andi/git/linux-2.6: (231 commits)
[PATCH] i386: Don't delete cpu_devs data to identify different x86 types in late_initcall
[PATCH] i386: type may be unused
[PATCH] i386: Some additional chipset register values validation.
[PATCH] i386: Add missing !X86_PAE dependincy to the 2G/2G split.
[PATCH] x86-64: Don't exclude asm-offsets.c in Documentation/dontdiff
[PATCH] i386: avoid redundant preempt_disable in __unlazy_fpu
[PATCH] i386: white space fixes in i387.h
[PATCH] i386: Drop noisy e820 debugging printks
[PATCH] x86-64: Fix allnoconfig error in genapic_flat.c
[PATCH] x86-64: Shut up warnings for vfat compat ioctls on other file systems
[PATCH] x86-64: Share identical video.S between i386 and x86-64
[PATCH] x86-64: Remove CONFIG_REORDER
[PATCH] x86-64: Print type and size correctly for unknown compat ioctls
[PATCH] i386: Remove copy_*_user BUG_ONs for (size < 0)
[PATCH] i386: Little cleanups in smpboot.c
[PATCH] x86-64: Don't enable NUMA for a single node in K8 NUMA scanning
[PATCH] x86: Use RDTSCP for synchronous get_cycles if possible
[PATCH] i386: Add X86_FEATURE_RDTSCP
[PATCH] i386: Implement X86_FEATURE_SYNC_RDTSC on i386
[PATCH] i386: Implement alternative_io for i386
...
Fix up trivial conflict in include/linux/highmem.h manually.
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Allows architectures to advertise that they support MSI rather than listing
each architecture as a PCI_MSI dependency.
Signed-off-by: Dan Williams <dan.j.williams@intel.com>
Acked-by: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: Greg Kroah-Hartman <gregkh@suse.de>
Only 1GB-aligned kernel/user splits are now handled for PAE. The
2GB/2GB split attempts to avoid aliasing vmallocspace with the 1:1
mapping for physical memory by using an actual split of 1.875/2.125
to accommodate 128MB of vmallocspace out of what would otherwise
be a full 2GB for userspace. That attempt disturbs the alignment
required by PAE for 2GB/2GB splits, and furthermore does not provide
a 2GB/2GB split as advertised.
This patch resolves the issues here in two manners. The first is
by providing a true 2GB/2GB split in addition to the 1.875/2.125
split. The second is by renaming the 1.875/2.125 split to
CONFIG_VMSPLIT_2G_OPT analogously to CONFIG_VMSPLIT_3G_OPT, which
performs a similar manuever to avoid aliasing vmallocspace with
the 1:1 mapping for physical memory around the 3GB boundary. With
the 1.875/2.125 split properly-named, its config option is then
tagged as depending on !HIGHMEM to express the PAE implementation's
current inability to deal with such unaligned splits.
This patch is essentially a combination of two patches, one written
by Eric Biederman and the other by Eric Dumazet. If they could add
their Signed-off-by: to this, I'd be much obliged.
Signed-off-by: William Irwin <wli@holomorphy.com>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Cc: Eric Dumazet <dada1@cosmosbay.com>
Cc: Mark Lord <lkml@rtr.ca>
Cc: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
(I hope Andi is the right one to Cc, otherwise please add, thanks!)
Use menuconfigs instead of menus, so the whole menu can be disabled at
once instead of going through all options.
Signed-off-by: Jan Engelhardt <jengelh@gmx.de>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
VMI is broken under COMPAT_VDSO, as Xen and other non hardware assisted
hypervisors will be. I have been working on a fix for this which works
for older glibcs that panic when the new relocatable VDSO is used.
However, I believe at this time that the fix is going to be too radical
to consider at this stage in the release of 2.6.21. We don't expect
this config option to be turned on by vendors for new distributions, so
at this point we are willing to drop support for it when VMI is compiled
in, and work on a patch for 2.6.22 which more fully addresses the
problem.
Signed-off-by: Zachary Amsden <zach@vmware.com>
Acked-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
CONFIG_PARAVIRT broke old glibc bootup: it silently turned off the
selectability of CONFIG_COMPAT_VDSO and thus rendered distro kernels
unbootable on old-style VDSO glibc setups.
the proper solution is to keep COMPAT_VDSO available - if a hypervisor
needs any modification of that concept then we'll judge those changes in
full context, once those changes are submitted.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
do not use default=y for CONFIG_VMI (we do not do that for any driver or
special-hardware feature): the overwhelming majority of Linux users does
not need it, and interested users and distributions can enable it
as-needed.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Clarify the description of the CONFIG_VMI option: describe the reality
that VMI is a VMWare-only interface for now. Once that changes and
another hypervisor adopts the VMI ABI we can change the text.
As can be seen from the Xen paravirtualization patches submitted to lkml
the Xen project has chosen its own, non-VMI interface between Xen and
the para-Linux - so remove Xen from the description.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Temove the mistaken turning on of NO_IDLE_HZ on x86+PARAVIRT kernels.
It's an obsolete, limited form of dynticks.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Acked-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
More goo from hrtimers integration. We do compile and run properly with NO_HZ
enabled. There was a period when we didn't because of a missing export, but
that was since fixed.
And with the clocksource code now firmly in place, we can get rid of code that
fixes up the wallclock, since this is done in the common infrastructure. This
actually fixes a timer bug as well, that was caused by do_settimeofday no
longer being callable with interrupts disabled due to the use of
on_each_cpu().
Signed-off-by: Zachary Amsden <zach@vmware.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The broadcast functionality is only necessary when a local APIC is
available. Make the config switch depend on X86_LOCAL_APIC. This
resolves the mach-voyager breakage introduced by the tick managament
code.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
Add clockevent drivers for i386: lapic (local) and PIT/HPET (global). Update
the timer IRQ to call into the PIT/HPET driver's event handler and the
lapic-timer IRQ to call into the lapic clockevent driver. The assignement of
timer functionality is delegated to the core framework code and replaces the
compile and runtime evalution in do_timer_interrupt_hook()
Use the clockevents broadcast support and implement the lapic_broadcast
function for ACPI.
No changes to existing functionality.
[ kdump fix from Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@in.ibm.com> ]
[ fixes based on review feedback from Arjan van de Ven <arjan@infradead.org> ]
Cleanups-from: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
Build-fixes-from: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: john stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Roman Zippel <zippel@linux-m68k.org>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
The TSC needs to be verified against another clocksource. Instead of using
hardwired assumptions of available hardware, provide a generic verification
mechanism. The verification uses the best available clocksource and handles
the usability for high resolution timers / dynticks of the clocksource which
needs to be verified.
Signed-off-by: Thomas Gleixner <tglx@linutronix.de>
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Cc: john stultz <johnstul@us.ibm.com>
Cc: Roman Zippel <zippel@linux-m68k.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
arch/i386/kernel/built-in.o: In function `vmi_stop_hz_timer':
: undefined reference to `next_timer_interrupt'
If CONFIG_NO_HZ, next_timer_interrupt() doesn't exist (and presumably doesn't
make sense).
Perhaps VMI shouildn't be playing with timer internals at this level.
Cc: Zachary Amsden <zach@vmware.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Cc: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Chris Wright <chrisw@sous-sol.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
VMI timer code. It works by taking over the local APIC clock when APIC is
configured, which requires a couple hooks into the APIC code. The backend
timer code could be commonized into the timer infrastructure, but there are
some pieces missing (stolen time, in particular), and the exact semantics of
when to do accounting for NO_IDLE need to be shared between different
hypervisors as well. So for now, VMI timer is a separate module.
[Adrian Bunk: cleanups]
Subject: VMI timer patches
Signed-off-by: Zachary Amsden <zach@vmware.com>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Cc: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Chris Wright <chrisw@sous-sol.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
As Andi pointed out: CONFIG_GENERIC_ISA_DMA only disables the ISA DMA
channel management. Other functionality may still expect GFP_DMA to
provide memory below 16M. So we need to make sure that CONFIG_ZONE_DMA is
set independent of CONFIG_GENERIC_ISA_DMA. Undo the modifications to
mm/Kconfig where we made ZONE_DMA dependent on GENERIC_ISA_DMA and set
theses explicitly in each arches Kconfig.
Reviews must occur for each arch in order to determine if ZONE_DMA can be
switched off. It can only be switched off if we know that all devices
supported by a platform are capable of performing DMA transfers to all of
memory (Some arches already support this: uml, avr32, sh sh64, parisc and
IA64/Altix).
In order to switch ZONE_DMA off conditionally, one would have to establish
a scheme by which one can assure that no drivers are enabled that are only
capable of doing I/O to a part of memory, or one needs to provide an
alternate means of performing an allocation from a specific range of memory
(like provided by alloc_pages_range()) and insure that all drivers use that
call. In that case the arches alloc_dma_coherent() may need to be modified
to call alloc_pages_range() instead of relying on GFP_DMA.
Signed-off-by: Christoph Lameter <clameter@sgi.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@linux-foundation.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@linux-foundation.org>
o Relocatable bzImage support had got rid of CONFIG_PHYSICAL_START option
thinking that now this option is not required as people can build a
second kernel as relocatable and load it anywhere. So need of compiling
the kernel for a custom address was gone. But Magnus uses vmlinux images
for second kernel in Xen environment and he wants to continue to use
it.
o Restoring the CONFIG_PHYSICAL_START option for the time being. I think
down the line we can get rid of it.
Signed-off-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@in.ibm.com>
Cc: "Eric W. Biederman" <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Since Voyager and Visual WS already define ARCH_SETUP,
it looks like PARAVIRT shouldn't be offered for them.
In file included from arch/i386/kernel/setup.c:63:
include/asm-i386/mach-visws/setup_arch.h:8:1: warning: "ARCH_SETUP" redefin=
ed
In file included from include/asm/msr.h:5,
from include/asm/processor.h:17,
from include/asm/thread_info.h:16,
from include/linux/thread_info.h:21,
from include/linux/preempt.h:9,
from include/linux/spinlock.h:49,
from include/linux/capability.h:45,
from include/linux/sched.h:46,
from arch/i386/kernel/setup.c:26:
include/asm/paravirt.h:163:1: warning: this is the location of the previous=
definition
In file included from arch/i386/kernel/setup.c:63:
include/asm-i386/mach-visws/setup_arch.h:8:1: warning: "ARCH_SETUP" redefin=
ed
In file included from include/asm/msr.h:5,
from include/asm/processor.h:17,
from include/asm/thread_info.h:16,
from include/linux/thread_info.h:21,
from include/linux/preempt.h:9,
from include/linux/spinlock.h:49,
from include/linux/capability.h:45,
from include/linux/sched.h:46,
from arch/i386/kernel/setup.c:26:
include/asm/paravirt.h:163:1: warning: this is the location of the previous=
definition
Signed-off-by: Randy Dunlap <randy.dunlap@oracle.com>
This makes i386 use the generic BUG machinery. There are no functional
changes from the old i386 implementation.
The main advantage in using the generic BUG machinery for i386 is that the
inlined overhead of BUG is just the ud2a instruction; the file+line(+function)
information are no longer inlined into the instruction stream. This reduces
cache pollution, and makes disassembly work properly.
Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@goop.org>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@muc.de>
Cc: Hugh Dickens <hugh@veritas.com>
Cc: Michael Ellerman <michael@ellerman.id.au>
Cc: Paul Mackerras <paulus@samba.org>
Cc: Benjamin Herrenschmidt <benh@kernel.crashing.org>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
-mregparm=3 has been enabled by default for some time on i386, and AFAIK
there aren't any problems with it left.
This patch removes the REGPARM config option and sets -mregparm=3
unconditionally.
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Create a paravirt.h header for all the critical operations which need to be
replaced with hypervisor calls, and include that instead of defining native
operations, when CONFIG_PARAVIRT.
This patch does the dumbest possible replacement of paravirtualized
instructions: calls through a "paravirt_ops" structure. Currently these are
function implementations of native hardware: hypervisors will override the ops
structure with their own variants.
All the pv-ops functions are declared "fastcall" so that a specific
register-based ABI is used, to make inlining assember easier.
And:
+From: Andy Whitcroft <apw@shadowen.org>
The paravirt ops introduce a 'weak' attribute onto memory_setup().
Code ordering leads to the following warnings on x86:
arch/i386/kernel/setup.c:651: warning: weak declaration of
`memory_setup' after first use results in unspecified behavior
Move memory_setup() to avoid this.
Signed-off-by: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Signed-off-by: Chris Wright <chrisw@sous-sol.org>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Cc: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@goop.org>
Cc: Zachary Amsden <zach@vmware.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Andy Whitcroft <apw@shadowen.org>
o Now CONFIG_PHYSICAL_START is being replaced with CONFIG_PHYSICAL_ALIGN.
Hardcoding the kernel physical start value creates a problem in relocatable
kernel context due to boot loader limitations. For ex, if somebody
compiles a relocatable kernel to be run from address 4MB, but this kernel
will run from location 1MB as grub loads the kernel at physical address
1MB. Kernel thinks that I am a relocatable kernel and I should run from
the address I have been loaded at. So somebody wanting to run kernel
from 4MB alignment location (for improved performance regions) can't do
that.
o Hence, Eric proposed that probably CONFIG_PHYSICAL_ALIGN will make
more sense in relocatable kernel context. At run time kernel will move
itself to a physical addr location which meets user specified alignment
restrictions.
Signed-off-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
This patch modifies the i386 kernel so that if CONFIG_RELOCATABLE is
selected it will be able to be loaded at any 4K aligned address below
1G. The technique used is to compile the decompressor with -fPIC and
modify it so the decompressor is fully relocatable. For the main
kernel relocations are generated. Resulting in a kernel that is relocatable
with no runtime overhead and no need to modify the source code.
A reserved 32bit word in the parameters has been assigned
to serve as a stack so we figure out where are running.
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: Vivek Goyal <vgoyal@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
The patch below corrects multiple occurances of "the the"
typos across several files, both in source comments and KConfig files.
There is no actual code changed, only text. Note this only affects the /arch
directory, and I believe I could find many more elsewhere. :)
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
In an effort to make kprobe modules more portable, here is a patch that:
o Introduces the "symbol_name" field to struct kprobe.
The symbol->address resolution now happens in the kernel in an
architecture agnostic manner. 64-bit powerpc users no longer have
to specify the ".symbols"
o Introduces the "offset" field to struct kprobe to allow a user to
specify an offset into a symbol.
o The legacy mechanism of specifying the kprobe.addr is still supported.
However, if both the kprobe.addr and kprobe.symbol_name are specified,
probe registration fails with an -EINVAL.
o The symbol resolution code uses kallsyms_lookup_name(). So
CONFIG_KPROBES now depends on CONFIG_KALLSYMS
o Apparantly kprobe modules were the only legitimate out-of-tree user of
the kallsyms_lookup_name() EXPORT. Now that the symbol resolution
happens in-kernel, remove the EXPORT as suggested by Christoph Hellwig
o Modify tcp_probe.c that uses the kprobe interface so as to make it
work on multiple platforms (in its earlier form, the code wouldn't
work, say, on powerpc)
Signed-off-by: Ananth N Mavinakayanahalli <ananth@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Prasanna S Panchamukhi <prasanna@in.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Christoph Hellwig <hch@lst.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Add sysfs support. Currently each CPU has three microcode related
attributes. One is 'version' which shows current ucode version of CPU.
Tools can use the attribute do validation or show CPU ucode status. one is
'reload' which allows manually reloading ucode. Another is
'processor_flags', which exports processor flags, so we can write tools to
check if CPU has latest ucode. Also add suspend/resume and CPU hotplug
support.
[akpm@osdl.org: cleanups, build fix]
[bunk@stusta.de: Kconfig fixes]
Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com>
Acked-by: Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>
Cc: Greg KH <greg@kroah.com>
Signed-off-by: Adrian Bunk <bunk@stusta.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Clean up microcode update driver and make it more readable.
[akpm@osdl.org: cleanups]
Signed-off-by: Shaohua Li <shaohua.li@intel.com>
Acked-by: Tigran Aivazian <tigran@veritas.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* 'for-linus' of git://one.firstfloor.org/home/andi/git/linux-2.6: (225 commits)
[PATCH] Don't set calgary iommu as default y
[PATCH] i386/x86-64: New Intel feature flags
[PATCH] x86: Add a cumulative thermal throttle event counter.
[PATCH] i386: Make the jiffies compares use the 64bit safe macros.
[PATCH] x86: Refactor thermal throttle processing
[PATCH] Add 64bit jiffies compares (for use with get_jiffies_64)
[PATCH] Fix unwinder warning in traps.c
[PATCH] x86: Allow disabling early pci scans with pci=noearly or disallowing conf1
[PATCH] x86: Move direct PCI scanning functions out of line
[PATCH] i386/x86-64: Make all early PCI scans dependent on CONFIG_PCI
[PATCH] Don't leak NT bit into next task
[PATCH] i386/x86-64: Work around gcc bug with noreturn functions in unwinder
[PATCH] Fix some broken white space in ia32_signal.c
[PATCH] Initialize argument registers for 32bit signal handlers.
[PATCH] Remove all traces of signal number conversion
[PATCH] Don't synchronize time reading on single core AMD systems
[PATCH] Remove outdated comment in x86-64 mmconfig code
[PATCH] Use string instructions for Core2 copy/clear
[PATCH] x86: - restore i8259A eoi status on resume
[PATCH] i386: Split multi-line printk in oops output.
...
The current VMSPLIT Kconfig option is disabled whenever highmem is on.
This is a bit screwy because the people who need to change VMSPLIT the most
tend to be the ones with highmem and constrained lowmem.
So, remove the highmem dependency. But, re-include the dependency for the
"full 1GB of lowmem" option. You can't have the full 1GB of lowmem and
highmem because of the need for the vmalloc(), kmap(), etc... areas.
I thought there would be at least a bit of tweaking to do to
get it to work, but everything seems OK.
Boot tested on a 4GB x86 machine, and a 12GB 3-node NUMA-Q:
elm3b82:~# cat /proc/meminfo
MemTotal: 3695412 kB
MemFree: 3659540 kB
...
LowTotal: 2909008 kB
LowFree: 2892324 kB
...
elm3b82:~# zgrep PAE /proc/config.gz
CONFIG_X86_PAE=y
larry:~# cat /proc/meminfo
MemTotal: 11845900 kB
MemFree: 11786748 kB
...
LowTotal: 2855180 kB
LowFree: 2830092 kB
Signed-off-by: Dave Hansen <haveblue@us.ibm.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Make __FIXADDR_TOP a variable, so that it can be set to not get in the way of
address space a hypervisor may want to reserve.
Original patch by Gerd Hoffmann <kraxel@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Jeremy Fitzhardinge <jeremy@xensource.com>
Signed-off-by: Chris Wright <chrisw@sous-sol.org>
Cc: Gerd Hoffmann <kraxel@suse.de>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
kexec has been marked experimental for a year now and all
of the serious problems have been worked through. So it
is time (if not past time) to remove the experimental mark.
Signed-off-by: Eric W. Biederman <ebiederm@xmission.com>
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
Improve Kconfig description of CONFIG_CRASH_DUMP. Previously
it was too brief to be useful.
Cc: vgoyal@in.ibm.com
Cc: ebiederm@xmission.com
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
There are some machines around (large xSeries or Unisys ES7000) that
need physical IO-APIC destination mode to access all of their IO
devices. This currently doesn't work in UP kernels as used in
distribution installers.
This patch allows to compile even UP kernels as GENERICARCH which
allows to use physical or clustered APIC mode.
Signed-off-by: Andi Kleen <ak@suse.de>
When we select NUMA with i386, the system is only X86_NUMAQ or using ACPI.
Signed-off-by: KAMEZAWA Hiroyuki <kamezawa.hiroyu@jp.fujitsu.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
It is described as being experimental, but doesn't actually depend on
EXPERIMENTAL. Change the text.
Signed-off-by: Arthur Othieno <apgo@patchbomb.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Framework to generate and save stacktraces quickly, without printing anything
to the console. i386 support.
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@linux.intel.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Several KConfig files had 'similarity' and 'independent' spelled incorrectly...
Acked-by: Alan Cox <alan@lxorguk.ukuu.org.uk>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
* master.kernel.org:/pub/scm/linux/kernel/git/gregkh/pci-2.6:
[PATCH] i386: export memory more than 4G through /proc/iomem
[PATCH] 64bit Resource: finally enable 64bit resource sizes
[PATCH] 64bit Resource: convert a few remaining drivers to use resource_size_t where needed
[PATCH] 64bit resource: change pnp core to use resource_size_t
[PATCH] 64bit resource: change pci core and arch code to use resource_size_t
[PATCH] 64bit resource: change resource core to use resource_size_t
[PATCH] 64bit resource: introduce resource_size_t for the start and end of struct resource
[PATCH] 64bit resource: fix up printks for resources in misc drivers
[PATCH] 64bit resource: fix up printks for resources in arch and core code
[PATCH] 64bit resource: fix up printks for resources in pcmcia drivers
[PATCH] 64bit resource: fix up printks for resources in video drivers
[PATCH] 64bit resource: fix up printks for resources in ide drivers
[PATCH] 64bit resource: fix up printks for resources in mtd drivers
[PATCH] 64bit resource: fix up printks for resources in pci core and hotplug drivers
[PATCH] 64bit resource: fix up printks for resources in networks drivers
[PATCH] 64bit resource: fix up printks for resources in sound drivers
[PATCH] 64bit resource: C99 changes for struct resource declarations
Fixed up trivial conflict in drivers/ide/pci/cmd64x.c (the printk that
was changed by the 64-bit resources had been deleted in the meantime ;)
Memory hotplug code of i386 adds memory to only highmem. So, if
CONFIG_HIGHMEM is not set, CONFIG_MEMORY_HOTPLUG shouldn't be set.
Otherwise, it causes compile error.
In addition, many architecture can't use memory hotplug feature yet. So, I
introduce CONFIG_ARCH_ENABLE_MEMORY_HOTPLUG.
Signed-off-by: Yasunori Goto <y-goto@jp.fujitsu.com>
Cc: <stable@kernel.org>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
Move the i386 VDSO down into a vma and thus randomize it.
Besides the security implications, this feature also helps debuggers, which
can COW a vma-backed VDSO just like a normal DSO and can thus do
single-stepping and other debugging features.
It's good for hypervisors (Xen, VMWare) too, which typically live in the same
high-mapped address space as the VDSO, hence whenever the VDSO is used, they
get lots of guest pagefaults and have to fix such guest accesses up - which
slows things down instead of speeding things up (the primary purpose of the
VDSO).
There's a new CONFIG_COMPAT_VDSO (default=y) option, which provides support
for older glibcs that still rely on a prelinked high-mapped VDSO. Newer
distributions (using glibc 2.3.3 or later) can turn this option off. Turning
it off is also recommended for security reasons: attackers cannot use the
predictable high-mapped VDSO page as syscall trampoline anymore.
There is a new vdso=[0|1] boot option as well, and a runtime
/proc/sys/vm/vdso_enabled sysctl switch, that allows the VDSO to be turned
on/off.
(This version of the VDSO-randomization patch also has working ELF
coredumping, the previous patch crashed in the coredumping code.)
This code is a combined work of the exec-shield VDSO randomization
code and Gerd Hoffmann's hypervisor-centric VDSO patch. Rusty Russell
started this patch and i completed it.
[akpm@osdl.org: cleanups]
[akpm@osdl.org: compile fix]
[akpm@osdl.org: compile fix 2]
[akpm@osdl.org: compile fix 3]
[akpm@osdl.org: revernt MAXMEM change]
Signed-off-by: Ingo Molnar <mingo@elte.hu>
Signed-off-by: Arjan van de Ven <arjan@infradead.org>
Cc: Gerd Hoffmann <kraxel@suse.de>
Cc: Rusty Russell <rusty@rustcorp.com.au>
Cc: Zachary Amsden <zach@vmware.com>
Cc: Andi Kleen <ak@muc.de>
Cc: Jan Beulich <jbeulich@novell.com>
Signed-off-by: Andrew Morton <akpm@osdl.org>
Signed-off-by: Linus Torvalds <torvalds@osdl.org>
