1da177e4c3
Initial git repository build. I'm not bothering with the full history, even though we have it. We can create a separate "historical" git archive of that later if we want to, and in the meantime it's about 3.2GB when imported into git - space that would just make the early git days unnecessarily complicated, when we don't have a lot of good infrastructure for it. Let it rip!
951 lines
31 KiB
Plaintext
951 lines
31 KiB
Plaintext
How to conserve battery power using laptop-mode
|
|
-----------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
Document Author: Bart Samwel (bart@samwel.tk)
|
|
Date created: January 2, 2004
|
|
Last modified: July 10, 2004
|
|
|
|
Introduction
|
|
------------
|
|
|
|
Laptop mode is used to minimize the time that the hard disk needs to be spun up,
|
|
to conserve battery power on laptops. It has been reported to cause significant
|
|
power savings.
|
|
|
|
Contents
|
|
--------
|
|
|
|
* Introduction
|
|
* Installation
|
|
* Caveats
|
|
* The Details
|
|
* Tips & Tricks
|
|
* Control script
|
|
* ACPI integration
|
|
* Monitoring tool
|
|
|
|
|
|
Installation
|
|
------------
|
|
|
|
To use laptop mode, you don't need to set any kernel configuration options
|
|
or anything. Simply install all the files included in this document, and
|
|
laptop mode will automatically be started when you're on battery. For
|
|
your convenience, a tarball containing an installer can be downloaded at:
|
|
|
|
http://www.xs4all.nl/~bsamwel/laptop_mode/tools
|
|
|
|
To configure laptop mode, you need to edit the configuration file, which is
|
|
located in /etc/default/laptop-mode on Debian-based systems, or in
|
|
/etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode on other systems.
|
|
|
|
Unfortunately, automatic enabling of laptop mode does not work for
|
|
laptops that don't have ACPI. On those laptops, you need to start laptop
|
|
mode manually. To start laptop mode, run "laptop_mode start", and to
|
|
stop it, run "laptop_mode stop". (Note: The laptop mode tools package now
|
|
has experimental support for APM, you might want to try that first.)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Caveats
|
|
-------
|
|
|
|
* The downside of laptop mode is that you have a chance of losing up to 10
|
|
minutes of work. If you cannot afford this, don't use it! The supplied ACPI
|
|
scripts automatically turn off laptop mode when the battery almost runs out,
|
|
so that you won't lose any data at the end of your battery life.
|
|
|
|
* Most desktop hard drives have a very limited lifetime measured in spindown
|
|
cycles, typically about 50.000 times (it's usually listed on the spec sheet).
|
|
Check your drive's rating, and don't wear down your drive's lifetime if you
|
|
don't need to.
|
|
|
|
* If you mount some of your ext3/reiserfs filesystems with the -n option, then
|
|
the control script will not be able to remount them correctly. You must set
|
|
DO_REMOUNTS=0 in the control script, otherwise it will remount them with the
|
|
wrong options -- or it will fail because it cannot write to /etc/mtab.
|
|
|
|
* If you have your filesystems listed as type "auto" in fstab, like I did, then
|
|
the control script will not recognize them as filesystems that need remounting.
|
|
You must list the filesystems with their true type instead.
|
|
|
|
* It has been reported that some versions of the mutt mail client use file access
|
|
times to determine whether a folder contains new mail. If you use mutt and
|
|
experience this, you must disable the noatime remounting by setting the option
|
|
DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME to 0 in the configuration file.
|
|
|
|
|
|
The Details
|
|
-----------
|
|
|
|
Laptop mode is controlled by the knob /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode. This knob is
|
|
present for all kernels that have the laptop mode patch, regardless of any
|
|
configuration options. When the knob is set, any physical disk I/O (that might
|
|
have caused the hard disk to spin up) causes Linux to flush all dirty blocks. The
|
|
result of this is that after a disk has spun down, it will not be spun up
|
|
anymore to write dirty blocks, because those blocks had already been written
|
|
immediately after the most recent read operation. The value of the laptop_mode
|
|
knob determines the time between the occurrence of disk I/O and when the flush
|
|
is triggered. A sensible value for the knob is 5 seconds. Setting the knob to
|
|
0 disables laptop mode.
|
|
|
|
To increase the effectiveness of the laptop_mode strategy, the laptop_mode
|
|
control script increases dirty_expire_centisecs and dirty_writeback_centisecs in
|
|
/proc/sys/vm to about 10 minutes (by default), which means that pages that are
|
|
dirtied are not forced to be written to disk as often. The control script also
|
|
changes the dirty background ratio, so that background writeback of dirty pages
|
|
is not done anymore. Combined with a higher commit value (also 10 minutes) for
|
|
ext3 or ReiserFS filesystems (also done automatically by the control script),
|
|
this results in concentration of disk activity in a small time interval which
|
|
occurs only once every 10 minutes, or whenever the disk is forced to spin up by
|
|
a cache miss. The disk can then be spun down in the periods of inactivity.
|
|
|
|
If you want to find out which process caused the disk to spin up, you can
|
|
gather information by setting the flag /proc/sys/vm/block_dump. When this flag
|
|
is set, Linux reports all disk read and write operations that take place, and
|
|
all block dirtyings done to files. This makes it possible to debug why a disk
|
|
needs to spin up, and to increase battery life even more. The output of
|
|
block_dump is written to the kernel output, and it can be retrieved using
|
|
"dmesg". When you use block_dump and your kernel logging level also includes
|
|
kernel debugging messages, you probably want to turn off klogd, otherwise
|
|
the output of block_dump will be logged, causing disk activity that is not
|
|
normally there.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Configuration
|
|
-------------
|
|
|
|
The laptop mode configuration file is located in /etc/default/laptop-mode on
|
|
Debian-based systems, or in /etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode on other systems. It
|
|
contains the following options:
|
|
|
|
MAX_AGE:
|
|
|
|
Maximum time, in seconds, of hard drive spindown time that you are
|
|
confortable with. Worst case, it's possible that you could lose this
|
|
amount of work if your battery fails while you're in laptop mode.
|
|
|
|
MINIMUM_BATTERY_MINUTES:
|
|
|
|
Automatically disable laptop mode if the remaining number of minutes of
|
|
battery power is less than this value. Default is 10 minutes.
|
|
|
|
AC_HD/BATT_HD:
|
|
|
|
The idle timeout that should be set on your hard drive when laptop mode
|
|
is active (BATT_HD) and when it is not active (AC_HD). The defaults are
|
|
20 seconds (value 4) for BATT_HD and 2 hours (value 244) for AC_HD. The
|
|
possible values are those listed in the manual page for "hdparm" for the
|
|
"-S" option.
|
|
|
|
HD:
|
|
|
|
The devices for which the spindown timeout should be adjusted by laptop mode.
|
|
Default is /dev/hda. If you specify multiple devices, separate them by a space.
|
|
|
|
READAHEAD:
|
|
|
|
Disk readahead, in 512-byte sectors, while laptop mode is active. A large
|
|
readahead can prevent disk accesses for things like executable pages (which are
|
|
loaded on demand while the application executes) and sequentially accessed data
|
|
(MP3s).
|
|
|
|
DO_REMOUNTS:
|
|
|
|
The control script automatically remounts any mounted journaled filesystems
|
|
with approriate commit interval options. When this option is set to 0, this
|
|
feature is disabled.
|
|
|
|
DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME:
|
|
|
|
When remounting, should the filesystems be remounted with the noatime option?
|
|
Normally, this is set to "1" (enabled), but there may be programs that require
|
|
access time recording.
|
|
|
|
DIRTY_RATIO:
|
|
|
|
The percentage of memory that is allowed to contain "dirty" or unsaved data
|
|
before a writeback is forced, while laptop mode is active. Corresponds to
|
|
the /proc/sys/vm/dirty_ratio sysctl.
|
|
|
|
DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO:
|
|
|
|
The percentage of memory that is allowed to contain "dirty" or unsaved data
|
|
after a forced writeback is done due to an exceeding of DIRTY_RATIO. Set
|
|
this nice and low. This corresponds to the /proc/sys/vm/dirty_background_ratio
|
|
sysctl.
|
|
|
|
Note that the behaviour of dirty_background_ratio is quite different
|
|
when laptop mode is active and when it isn't. When laptop mode is inactive,
|
|
dirty_background_ratio is the threshold percentage at which background writeouts
|
|
start taking place. When laptop mode is active, however, background writeouts
|
|
are disabled, and the dirty_background_ratio only determines how much writeback
|
|
is done when dirty_ratio is reached.
|
|
|
|
DO_CPU:
|
|
|
|
Enable CPU frequency scaling when in laptop mode. (Requires CPUFreq to be setup.
|
|
See Documentation/cpu-freq/user-guide.txt for more info. Disabled by default.)
|
|
|
|
CPU_MAXFREQ:
|
|
|
|
When on battery, what is the maximum CPU speed that the system should use? Legal
|
|
values are "slowest" for the slowest speed that your CPU is able to operate at,
|
|
or a value listed in /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_available_frequencies.
|
|
|
|
|
|
Tips & Tricks
|
|
-------------
|
|
|
|
* Bartek Kania reports getting up to 50 minutes of extra battery life (on top
|
|
of his regular 3 to 3.5 hours) using a spindown time of 5 seconds (BATT_HD=1).
|
|
|
|
* You can spin down the disk while playing MP3, by setting disk readahead
|
|
to 8MB (READAHEAD=16384). Effectively, the disk will read a complete MP3 at
|
|
once, and will then spin down while the MP3 is playing. (Thanks to Bartek
|
|
Kania.)
|
|
|
|
* Drew Scott Daniels observed: "I don't know why, but when I decrease the number
|
|
of colours that my display uses it consumes less battery power. I've seen
|
|
this on powerbooks too. I hope that this is a piece of information that
|
|
might be useful to the Laptop Mode patch or it's users."
|
|
|
|
* In syslog.conf, you can prefix entries with a dash ``-'' to omit syncing the
|
|
file after every logging. When you're using laptop-mode and your disk doesn't
|
|
spin down, this is a likely culprit.
|
|
|
|
* Richard Atterer observed that laptop mode does not work well with noflushd
|
|
(http://noflushd.sourceforge.net/), it seems that noflushd prevents laptop-mode
|
|
from doing its thing.
|
|
|
|
* If you're worried about your data, you might want to consider using a USB
|
|
memory stick or something like that as a "working area". (Be aware though
|
|
that flash memory can only handle a limited number of writes, and overuse
|
|
may wear out your memory stick pretty quickly. Do _not_ use journalling
|
|
filesystems on flash memory sticks.)
|
|
|
|
|
|
Configuration file for control and ACPI battery scripts
|
|
-------------------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
This allows the tunables to be changed for the scripts via an external
|
|
configuration file
|
|
|
|
It should be installed as /etc/default/laptop-mode on Debian, and as
|
|
/etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode on Red Hat, SUSE, Mandrake, and other work-alikes.
|
|
|
|
--------------------CONFIG FILE BEGIN-------------------------------------------
|
|
# Maximum time, in seconds, of hard drive spindown time that you are
|
|
# confortable with. Worst case, it's possible that you could lose this
|
|
# amount of work if your battery fails you while in laptop mode.
|
|
#MAX_AGE=600
|
|
|
|
# Automatically disable laptop mode when the number of minutes of battery
|
|
# that you have left goes below this threshold.
|
|
MINIMUM_BATTERY_MINUTES=10
|
|
|
|
# Read-ahead, in 512-byte sectors. You can spin down the disk while playing MP3/OGG
|
|
# by setting the disk readahead to 8MB (READAHEAD=16384). Effectively, the disk
|
|
# will read a complete MP3 at once, and will then spin down while the MP3/OGG is
|
|
# playing.
|
|
#READAHEAD=4096
|
|
|
|
# Shall we remount journaled fs. with appropriate commit interval? (1=yes)
|
|
#DO_REMOUNTS=1
|
|
|
|
# And shall we add the "noatime" option to that as well? (1=yes)
|
|
#DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME=1
|
|
|
|
# Dirty synchronous ratio. At this percentage of dirty pages the process
|
|
# which
|
|
# calls write() does its own writeback
|
|
#DIRTY_RATIO=40
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
# Allowed dirty background ratio, in percent. Once DIRTY_RATIO has been
|
|
# exceeded, the kernel will wake pdflush which will then reduce the amount
|
|
# of dirty memory to dirty_background_ratio. Set this nice and low, so once
|
|
# some writeout has commenced, we do a lot of it.
|
|
#
|
|
#DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO=5
|
|
|
|
# kernel default dirty buffer age
|
|
#DEF_AGE=30
|
|
#DEF_UPDATE=5
|
|
#DEF_DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO=10
|
|
#DEF_DIRTY_RATIO=40
|
|
#DEF_XFS_AGE_BUFFER=15
|
|
#DEF_XFS_SYNC_INTERVAL=30
|
|
#DEF_XFS_BUFD_INTERVAL=1
|
|
|
|
# This must be adjusted manually to the value of HZ in the running kernel
|
|
# on 2.4, until the XFS people change their 2.4 external interfaces to work in
|
|
# centisecs. This can be automated, but it's a work in progress that still
|
|
# needs# some fixes. On 2.6 kernels, XFS uses USER_HZ instead of HZ for
|
|
# external interfaces, and that is currently always set to 100. So you don't
|
|
# need to change this on 2.6.
|
|
#XFS_HZ=100
|
|
|
|
# Should the maximum CPU frequency be adjusted down while on battery?
|
|
# Requires CPUFreq to be setup.
|
|
# See Documentation/cpu-freq/user-guide.txt for more info
|
|
#DO_CPU=0
|
|
|
|
# When on battery what is the maximum CPU speed that the system should
|
|
# use? Legal values are "slowest" for the slowest speed that your
|
|
# CPU is able to operate at, or a value listed in:
|
|
# /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_available_frequencies
|
|
# Only applicable if DO_CPU=1.
|
|
#CPU_MAXFREQ=slowest
|
|
|
|
# Idle timeout for your hard drive (man hdparm for valid values, -S option)
|
|
# Default is 2 hours on AC (AC_HD=244) and 20 seconds for battery (BATT_HD=4).
|
|
#AC_HD=244
|
|
#BATT_HD=4
|
|
|
|
# The drives for which to adjust the idle timeout. Separate them by a space,
|
|
# e.g. HD="/dev/hda /dev/hdb".
|
|
#HD="/dev/hda"
|
|
|
|
# Set the spindown timeout on a hard drive?
|
|
#DO_HD=1
|
|
|
|
--------------------CONFIG FILE END---------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
Control script
|
|
--------------
|
|
|
|
Please note that this control script works for the Linux 2.4 and 2.6 series (thanks
|
|
to Kiko Piris).
|
|
|
|
--------------------CONTROL SCRIPT BEGIN----------------------------------------
|
|
#!/bin/bash
|
|
|
|
# start or stop laptop_mode, best run by a power management daemon when
|
|
# ac gets connected/disconnected from a laptop
|
|
#
|
|
# install as /sbin/laptop_mode
|
|
#
|
|
# Contributors to this script: Kiko Piris
|
|
# Bart Samwel
|
|
# Micha Feigin
|
|
# Andrew Morton
|
|
# Herve Eychenne
|
|
# Dax Kelson
|
|
#
|
|
# Original Linux 2.4 version by: Jens Axboe
|
|
|
|
#############################################################################
|
|
|
|
# Source config
|
|
if [ -f /etc/default/laptop-mode ] ; then
|
|
# Debian
|
|
. /etc/default/laptop-mode
|
|
elif [ -f /etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode ] ; then
|
|
# Others
|
|
. /etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode
|
|
fi
|
|
|
|
# Don't raise an error if the config file is incomplete
|
|
# set defaults instead:
|
|
|
|
# Maximum time, in seconds, of hard drive spindown time that you are
|
|
# confortable with. Worst case, it's possible that you could lose this
|
|
# amount of work if your battery fails you while in laptop mode.
|
|
MAX_AGE=${MAX_AGE:-'600'}
|
|
|
|
# Read-ahead, in kilobytes
|
|
READAHEAD=${READAHEAD:-'4096'}
|
|
|
|
# Shall we remount journaled fs. with appropiate commit interval? (1=yes)
|
|
DO_REMOUNTS=${DO_REMOUNTS:-'1'}
|
|
|
|
# And shall we add the "noatime" option to that as well? (1=yes)
|
|
DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME=${DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME:-'1'}
|
|
|
|
# Shall we adjust the idle timeout on a hard drive?
|
|
DO_HD=${DO_HD:-'1'}
|
|
|
|
# Adjust idle timeout on which hard drive?
|
|
HD="${HD:-'/dev/hda'}"
|
|
|
|
# spindown time for HD (hdparm -S values)
|
|
AC_HD=${AC_HD:-'244'}
|
|
BATT_HD=${BATT_HD:-'4'}
|
|
|
|
# Dirty synchronous ratio. At this percentage of dirty pages the process which
|
|
# calls write() does its own writeback
|
|
DIRTY_RATIO=${DIRTY_RATIO:-'40'}
|
|
|
|
# cpu frequency scaling
|
|
# See Documentation/cpu-freq/user-guide.txt for more info
|
|
DO_CPU=${CPU_MANAGE:-'0'}
|
|
CPU_MAXFREQ=${CPU_MAXFREQ:-'slowest'}
|
|
|
|
#
|
|
# Allowed dirty background ratio, in percent. Once DIRTY_RATIO has been
|
|
# exceeded, the kernel will wake pdflush which will then reduce the amount
|
|
# of dirty memory to dirty_background_ratio. Set this nice and low, so once
|
|
# some writeout has commenced, we do a lot of it.
|
|
#
|
|
DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO=${DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO:-'5'}
|
|
|
|
# kernel default dirty buffer age
|
|
DEF_AGE=${DEF_AGE:-'30'}
|
|
DEF_UPDATE=${DEF_UPDATE:-'5'}
|
|
DEF_DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO=${DEF_DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO:-'10'}
|
|
DEF_DIRTY_RATIO=${DEF_DIRTY_RATIO:-'40'}
|
|
DEF_XFS_AGE_BUFFER=${DEF_XFS_AGE_BUFFER:-'15'}
|
|
DEF_XFS_SYNC_INTERVAL=${DEF_XFS_SYNC_INTERVAL:-'30'}
|
|
DEF_XFS_BUFD_INTERVAL=${DEF_XFS_BUFD_INTERVAL:-'1'}
|
|
|
|
# This must be adjusted manually to the value of HZ in the running kernel
|
|
# on 2.4, until the XFS people change their 2.4 external interfaces to work in
|
|
# centisecs. This can be automated, but it's a work in progress that still needs
|
|
# some fixes. On 2.6 kernels, XFS uses USER_HZ instead of HZ for external
|
|
# interfaces, and that is currently always set to 100. So you don't need to
|
|
# change this on 2.6.
|
|
XFS_HZ=${XFS_HZ:-'100'}
|
|
|
|
#############################################################################
|
|
|
|
KLEVEL="$(uname -r |
|
|
{
|
|
IFS='.' read a b c
|
|
echo $a.$b
|
|
}
|
|
)"
|
|
case "$KLEVEL" in
|
|
"2.4"|"2.6")
|
|
;;
|
|
*)
|
|
echo "Unhandled kernel version: $KLEVEL ('uname -r' = '$(uname -r)')" >&2
|
|
exit 1
|
|
;;
|
|
esac
|
|
|
|
if [ ! -e /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode ] ; then
|
|
echo "Kernel is not patched with laptop_mode patch." >&2
|
|
exit 1
|
|
fi
|
|
|
|
if [ ! -w /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode ] ; then
|
|
echo "You do not have enough privileges to enable laptop_mode." >&2
|
|
exit 1
|
|
fi
|
|
|
|
# Remove an option (the first parameter) of the form option=<number> from
|
|
# a mount options string (the rest of the parameters).
|
|
parse_mount_opts () {
|
|
OPT="$1"
|
|
shift
|
|
echo ",$*," | sed \
|
|
-e 's/,'"$OPT"'=[0-9]*,/,/g' \
|
|
-e 's/,,*/,/g' \
|
|
-e 's/^,//' \
|
|
-e 's/,$//'
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
# Remove an option (the first parameter) without any arguments from
|
|
# a mount option string (the rest of the parameters).
|
|
parse_nonumber_mount_opts () {
|
|
OPT="$1"
|
|
shift
|
|
echo ",$*," | sed \
|
|
-e 's/,'"$OPT"',/,/g' \
|
|
-e 's/,,*/,/g' \
|
|
-e 's/^,//' \
|
|
-e 's/,$//'
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
# Find out the state of a yes/no option (e.g. "atime"/"noatime") in
|
|
# fstab for a given filesystem, and use this state to replace the
|
|
# value of the option in another mount options string. The device
|
|
# is the first argument, the option name the second, and the default
|
|
# value the third. The remainder is the mount options string.
|
|
#
|
|
# Example:
|
|
# parse_yesno_opts_wfstab /dev/hda1 atime atime defaults,noatime
|
|
#
|
|
# If fstab contains, say, "rw" for this filesystem, then the result
|
|
# will be "defaults,atime".
|
|
parse_yesno_opts_wfstab () {
|
|
L_DEV="$1"
|
|
OPT="$2"
|
|
DEF_OPT="$3"
|
|
shift 3
|
|
L_OPTS="$*"
|
|
PARSEDOPTS1="$(parse_nonumber_mount_opts $OPT $L_OPTS)"
|
|
PARSEDOPTS1="$(parse_nonumber_mount_opts no$OPT $PARSEDOPTS1)"
|
|
# Watch for a default atime in fstab
|
|
FSTAB_OPTS="$(awk '$1 == "'$L_DEV'" { print $4 }' /etc/fstab)"
|
|
if echo "$FSTAB_OPTS" | grep "$OPT" > /dev/null ; then
|
|
# option specified in fstab: extract the value and use it
|
|
if echo "$FSTAB_OPTS" | grep "no$OPT" > /dev/null ; then
|
|
echo "$PARSEDOPTS1,no$OPT"
|
|
else
|
|
# no$OPT not found -- so we must have $OPT.
|
|
echo "$PARSEDOPTS1,$OPT"
|
|
fi
|
|
else
|
|
# option not specified in fstab -- choose the default.
|
|
echo "$PARSEDOPTS1,$DEF_OPT"
|
|
fi
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
# Find out the state of a numbered option (e.g. "commit=NNN") in
|
|
# fstab for a given filesystem, and use this state to replace the
|
|
# value of the option in another mount options string. The device
|
|
# is the first argument, and the option name the second. The
|
|
# remainder is the mount options string in which the replacement
|
|
# must be done.
|
|
#
|
|
# Example:
|
|
# parse_mount_opts_wfstab /dev/hda1 commit defaults,commit=7
|
|
#
|
|
# If fstab contains, say, "commit=3,rw" for this filesystem, then the
|
|
# result will be "rw,commit=3".
|
|
parse_mount_opts_wfstab () {
|
|
L_DEV="$1"
|
|
OPT="$2"
|
|
shift 2
|
|
L_OPTS="$*"
|
|
PARSEDOPTS1="$(parse_mount_opts $OPT $L_OPTS)"
|
|
# Watch for a default commit in fstab
|
|
FSTAB_OPTS="$(awk '$1 == "'$L_DEV'" { print $4 }' /etc/fstab)"
|
|
if echo "$FSTAB_OPTS" | grep "$OPT=" > /dev/null ; then
|
|
# option specified in fstab: extract the value, and use it
|
|
echo -n "$PARSEDOPTS1,$OPT="
|
|
echo ",$FSTAB_OPTS," | sed \
|
|
-e 's/.*,'"$OPT"'=//' \
|
|
-e 's/,.*//'
|
|
else
|
|
# option not specified in fstab: set it to 0
|
|
echo "$PARSEDOPTS1,$OPT=0"
|
|
fi
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
deduce_fstype () {
|
|
MP="$1"
|
|
# My root filesystem unfortunately has
|
|
# type "unknown" in /etc/mtab. If we encounter
|
|
# "unknown", we try to get the type from fstab.
|
|
cat /etc/fstab |
|
|
grep -v '^#' |
|
|
while read FSTAB_DEV FSTAB_MP FSTAB_FST FSTAB_OPTS FSTAB_DUMP FSTAB_DUMP ; do
|
|
if [ "$FSTAB_MP" = "$MP" ]; then
|
|
echo $FSTAB_FST
|
|
exit 0
|
|
fi
|
|
done
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if [ $DO_REMOUNT_NOATIME -eq 1 ] ; then
|
|
NOATIME_OPT=",noatime"
|
|
fi
|
|
|
|
case "$1" in
|
|
start)
|
|
AGE=$((100*$MAX_AGE))
|
|
XFS_AGE=$(($XFS_HZ*$MAX_AGE))
|
|
echo -n "Starting laptop_mode"
|
|
|
|
if [ -d /proc/sys/vm/pagebuf ] ; then
|
|
# (For 2.4 and early 2.6.)
|
|
# This only needs to be set, not reset -- it is only used when
|
|
# laptop mode is enabled.
|
|
echo $XFS_AGE > /proc/sys/vm/pagebuf/lm_flush_age
|
|
echo $XFS_AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/lm_sync_interval
|
|
elif [ -f /proc/sys/fs/xfs/lm_age_buffer ] ; then
|
|
# (A couple of early 2.6 laptop mode patches had these.)
|
|
# The same goes for these.
|
|
echo $XFS_AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/lm_age_buffer
|
|
echo $XFS_AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/lm_sync_interval
|
|
elif [ -f /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer ] ; then
|
|
# (2.6.6)
|
|
# But not for these -- they are also used in normal
|
|
# operation.
|
|
echo $XFS_AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer
|
|
echo $XFS_AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/sync_interval
|
|
elif [ -f /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer_centisecs ] ; then
|
|
# (2.6.7 upwards)
|
|
# And not for these either. These are in centisecs,
|
|
# not USER_HZ, so we have to use $AGE, not $XFS_AGE.
|
|
echo $AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer_centisecs
|
|
echo $AGE > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/xfssyncd_centisecs
|
|
echo 3000 > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/xfsbufd_centisecs
|
|
fi
|
|
|
|
case "$KLEVEL" in
|
|
"2.4")
|
|
echo 1 > /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode
|
|
echo "30 500 0 0 $AGE $AGE 60 20 0" > /proc/sys/vm/bdflush
|
|
;;
|
|
"2.6")
|
|
echo 5 > /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode
|
|
echo "$AGE" > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_writeback_centisecs
|
|
echo "$AGE" > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_expire_centisecs
|
|
echo "$DIRTY_RATIO" > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_ratio
|
|
echo "$DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO" > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_background_ratio
|
|
;;
|
|
esac
|
|
if [ $DO_REMOUNTS -eq 1 ]; then
|
|
cat /etc/mtab | while read DEV MP FST OPTS DUMP PASS ; do
|
|
PARSEDOPTS="$(parse_mount_opts "$OPTS")"
|
|
if [ "$FST" = 'unknown' ]; then
|
|
FST=$(deduce_fstype $MP)
|
|
fi
|
|
case "$FST" in
|
|
"ext3"|"reiserfs")
|
|
PARSEDOPTS="$(parse_mount_opts commit "$OPTS")"
|
|
mount $DEV -t $FST $MP -o remount,$PARSEDOPTS,commit=$MAX_AGE$NOATIME_OPT
|
|
;;
|
|
"xfs")
|
|
mount $DEV -t $FST $MP -o remount,$OPTS$NOATIME_OPT
|
|
;;
|
|
esac
|
|
if [ -b $DEV ] ; then
|
|
blockdev --setra $(($READAHEAD * 2)) $DEV
|
|
fi
|
|
done
|
|
fi
|
|
if [ $DO_HD -eq 1 ] ; then
|
|
for THISHD in $HD ; do
|
|
/sbin/hdparm -S $BATT_HD $THISHD > /dev/null 2>&1
|
|
/sbin/hdparm -B 1 $THISHD > /dev/null 2>&1
|
|
done
|
|
fi
|
|
if [ $DO_CPU -eq 1 -a -e /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/cpuinfo_min_freq ]; then
|
|
if [ $CPU_MAXFREQ = 'slowest' ]; then
|
|
CPU_MAXFREQ=`cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/cpuinfo_min_freq`
|
|
fi
|
|
echo $CPU_MAXFREQ > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq
|
|
fi
|
|
echo "."
|
|
;;
|
|
stop)
|
|
U_AGE=$((100*$DEF_UPDATE))
|
|
B_AGE=$((100*$DEF_AGE))
|
|
echo -n "Stopping laptop_mode"
|
|
echo 0 > /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode
|
|
if [ -f /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer -a ! -f /proc/sys/fs/xfs/lm_age_buffer ] ; then
|
|
# These need to be restored, if there are no lm_*.
|
|
echo $(($XFS_HZ*$DEF_XFS_AGE_BUFFER)) > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer
|
|
echo $(($XFS_HZ*$DEF_XFS_SYNC_INTERVAL)) > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/sync_interval
|
|
elif [ -f /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer_centisecs ] ; then
|
|
# These need to be restored as well.
|
|
echo $((100*$DEF_XFS_AGE_BUFFER)) > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/age_buffer_centisecs
|
|
echo $((100*$DEF_XFS_SYNC_INTERVAL)) > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/xfssyncd_centisecs
|
|
echo $((100*$DEF_XFS_BUFD_INTERVAL)) > /proc/sys/fs/xfs/xfsbufd_centisecs
|
|
fi
|
|
case "$KLEVEL" in
|
|
"2.4")
|
|
echo "30 500 0 0 $U_AGE $B_AGE 60 20 0" > /proc/sys/vm/bdflush
|
|
;;
|
|
"2.6")
|
|
echo "$U_AGE" > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_writeback_centisecs
|
|
echo "$B_AGE" > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_expire_centisecs
|
|
echo "$DEF_DIRTY_RATIO" > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_ratio
|
|
echo "$DEF_DIRTY_BACKGROUND_RATIO" > /proc/sys/vm/dirty_background_ratio
|
|
;;
|
|
esac
|
|
if [ $DO_REMOUNTS -eq 1 ] ; then
|
|
cat /etc/mtab | while read DEV MP FST OPTS DUMP PASS ; do
|
|
# Reset commit and atime options to defaults.
|
|
if [ "$FST" = 'unknown' ]; then
|
|
FST=$(deduce_fstype $MP)
|
|
fi
|
|
case "$FST" in
|
|
"ext3"|"reiserfs")
|
|
PARSEDOPTS="$(parse_mount_opts_wfstab $DEV commit $OPTS)"
|
|
PARSEDOPTS="$(parse_yesno_opts_wfstab $DEV atime atime $PARSEDOPTS)"
|
|
mount $DEV -t $FST $MP -o remount,$PARSEDOPTS
|
|
;;
|
|
"xfs")
|
|
PARSEDOPTS="$(parse_yesno_opts_wfstab $DEV atime atime $OPTS)"
|
|
mount $DEV -t $FST $MP -o remount,$PARSEDOPTS
|
|
;;
|
|
esac
|
|
if [ -b $DEV ] ; then
|
|
blockdev --setra 256 $DEV
|
|
fi
|
|
done
|
|
fi
|
|
if [ $DO_HD -eq 1 ] ; then
|
|
for THISHD in $HD ; do
|
|
/sbin/hdparm -S $AC_HD $THISHD > /dev/null 2>&1
|
|
/sbin/hdparm -B 255 $THISHD > /dev/null 2>&1
|
|
done
|
|
fi
|
|
if [ $DO_CPU -eq 1 -a -e /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/cpuinfo_min_freq ]; then
|
|
echo `cat /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/cpuinfo_max_freq` > /sys/devices/system/cpu/cpu0/cpufreq/scaling_max_freq
|
|
fi
|
|
echo "."
|
|
;;
|
|
*)
|
|
echo "Usage: $0 {start|stop}" 2>&1
|
|
exit 1
|
|
;;
|
|
|
|
esac
|
|
|
|
exit 0
|
|
--------------------CONTROL SCRIPT END------------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
ACPI integration
|
|
----------------
|
|
|
|
Dax Kelson submitted this so that the ACPI acpid daemon will
|
|
kick off the laptop_mode script and run hdparm. The part that
|
|
automatically disables laptop mode when the battery is low was
|
|
writen by Jan Topinski.
|
|
|
|
-----------------/etc/acpi/events/ac_adapter BEGIN------------------------------
|
|
event=ac_adapter
|
|
action=/etc/acpi/actions/ac.sh %e
|
|
----------------/etc/acpi/events/ac_adapter END---------------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
-----------------/etc/acpi/events/battery BEGIN---------------------------------
|
|
event=battery.*
|
|
action=/etc/acpi/actions/battery.sh %e
|
|
----------------/etc/acpi/events/battery END------------------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
----------------/etc/acpi/actions/ac.sh BEGIN-----------------------------------
|
|
#!/bin/bash
|
|
|
|
# ac on/offline event handler
|
|
|
|
status=`awk '/^state: / { print $2 }' /proc/acpi/ac_adapter/$2/state`
|
|
|
|
case $status in
|
|
"on-line")
|
|
/sbin/laptop_mode stop
|
|
exit 0
|
|
;;
|
|
"off-line")
|
|
/sbin/laptop_mode start
|
|
exit 0
|
|
;;
|
|
esac
|
|
---------------------------/etc/acpi/actions/ac.sh END--------------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
---------------------------/etc/acpi/actions/battery.sh BEGIN-------------------
|
|
#! /bin/bash
|
|
|
|
# Automatically disable laptop mode when the battery almost runs out.
|
|
|
|
BATT_INFO=/proc/acpi/battery/$2/state
|
|
|
|
if [[ -f /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode ]]
|
|
then
|
|
LM=`cat /proc/sys/vm/laptop_mode`
|
|
if [[ $LM -gt 0 ]]
|
|
then
|
|
if [[ -f $BATT_INFO ]]
|
|
then
|
|
# Source the config file only now that we know we need
|
|
if [ -f /etc/default/laptop-mode ] ; then
|
|
# Debian
|
|
. /etc/default/laptop-mode
|
|
elif [ -f /etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode ] ; then
|
|
# Others
|
|
. /etc/sysconfig/laptop-mode
|
|
fi
|
|
MINIMUM_BATTERY_MINUTES=${MINIMUM_BATTERY_MINUTES:-'10'}
|
|
|
|
ACTION="`cat $BATT_INFO | grep charging | cut -c 26-`"
|
|
if [[ ACTION -eq "discharging" ]]
|
|
then
|
|
PRESENT_RATE=`cat $BATT_INFO | grep "present rate:" | sed "s/.* \([0-9][0-9]* \).*/\1/" `
|
|
REMAINING=`cat $BATT_INFO | grep "remaining capacity:" | sed "s/.* \([0-9][0-9]* \).*/\1/" `
|
|
fi
|
|
if (($REMAINING * 60 / $PRESENT_RATE < $MINIMUM_BATTERY_MINUTES))
|
|
then
|
|
/sbin/laptop_mode stop
|
|
fi
|
|
else
|
|
logger -p daemon.warning "You are using laptop mode and your battery interface $BATT_INFO is missing. This may lead to loss of data when the battery runs out. Check kernel ACPI support and /proc/acpi/battery folder, and edit /etc/acpi/battery.sh to set BATT_INFO to the correct path."
|
|
fi
|
|
fi
|
|
fi
|
|
---------------------------/etc/acpi/actions/battery.sh END--------------------
|
|
|
|
|
|
Monitoring tool
|
|
---------------
|
|
|
|
Bartek Kania submitted this, it can be used to measure how much time your disk
|
|
spends spun up/down.
|
|
|
|
---------------------------dslm.c BEGIN-----------------------------------------
|
|
/*
|
|
* Simple Disk Sleep Monitor
|
|
* by Bartek Kania
|
|
* Licenced under the GPL
|
|
*/
|
|
#include <unistd.h>
|
|
#include <stdlib.h>
|
|
#include <stdio.h>
|
|
#include <fcntl.h>
|
|
#include <errno.h>
|
|
#include <time.h>
|
|
#include <string.h>
|
|
#include <signal.h>
|
|
#include <sys/ioctl.h>
|
|
#include <linux/hdreg.h>
|
|
|
|
#ifdef DEBUG
|
|
#define D(x) x
|
|
#else
|
|
#define D(x)
|
|
#endif
|
|
|
|
int endit = 0;
|
|
|
|
/* Check if the disk is in powersave-mode
|
|
* Most of the code is stolen from hdparm.
|
|
* 1 = active, 0 = standby/sleep, -1 = unknown */
|
|
int check_powermode(int fd)
|
|
{
|
|
unsigned char args[4] = {WIN_CHECKPOWERMODE1,0,0,0};
|
|
int state;
|
|
|
|
if (ioctl(fd, HDIO_DRIVE_CMD, &args)
|
|
&& (args[0] = WIN_CHECKPOWERMODE2) /* try again with 0x98 */
|
|
&& ioctl(fd, HDIO_DRIVE_CMD, &args)) {
|
|
if (errno != EIO || args[0] != 0 || args[1] != 0) {
|
|
state = -1; /* "unknown"; */
|
|
} else
|
|
state = 0; /* "sleeping"; */
|
|
} else {
|
|
state = (args[2] == 255) ? 1 : 0;
|
|
}
|
|
D(printf(" drive state is: %d\n", state));
|
|
|
|
return state;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
char *state_name(int i)
|
|
{
|
|
if (i == -1) return "unknown";
|
|
if (i == 0) return "sleeping";
|
|
if (i == 1) return "active";
|
|
|
|
return "internal error";
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
char *myctime(time_t time)
|
|
{
|
|
char *ts = ctime(&time);
|
|
ts[strlen(ts) - 1] = 0;
|
|
|
|
return ts;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
void measure(int fd)
|
|
{
|
|
time_t start_time;
|
|
int last_state;
|
|
time_t last_time;
|
|
int curr_state;
|
|
time_t curr_time = 0;
|
|
time_t time_diff;
|
|
time_t active_time = 0;
|
|
time_t sleep_time = 0;
|
|
time_t unknown_time = 0;
|
|
time_t total_time = 0;
|
|
int changes = 0;
|
|
float tmp;
|
|
|
|
printf("Starting measurements\n");
|
|
|
|
last_state = check_powermode(fd);
|
|
start_time = last_time = time(0);
|
|
printf(" System is in state %s\n\n", state_name(last_state));
|
|
|
|
while(!endit) {
|
|
sleep(1);
|
|
curr_state = check_powermode(fd);
|
|
|
|
if (curr_state != last_state || endit) {
|
|
changes++;
|
|
curr_time = time(0);
|
|
time_diff = curr_time - last_time;
|
|
|
|
if (last_state == 1) active_time += time_diff;
|
|
else if (last_state == 0) sleep_time += time_diff;
|
|
else unknown_time += time_diff;
|
|
|
|
last_state = curr_state;
|
|
last_time = curr_time;
|
|
|
|
printf("%s: State-change to %s\n", myctime(curr_time),
|
|
state_name(curr_state));
|
|
}
|
|
}
|
|
changes--; /* Compensate for SIGINT */
|
|
|
|
total_time = time(0) - start_time;
|
|
printf("\nTotal running time: %lus\n", curr_time - start_time);
|
|
printf(" State changed %d times\n", changes);
|
|
|
|
tmp = (float)sleep_time / (float)total_time * 100;
|
|
printf(" Time in sleep state: %lus (%.2f%%)\n", sleep_time, tmp);
|
|
tmp = (float)active_time / (float)total_time * 100;
|
|
printf(" Time in active state: %lus (%.2f%%)\n", active_time, tmp);
|
|
tmp = (float)unknown_time / (float)total_time * 100;
|
|
printf(" Time in unknown state: %lus (%.2f%%)\n", unknown_time, tmp);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
void ender(int s)
|
|
{
|
|
endit = 1;
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
void usage()
|
|
{
|
|
puts("usage: dslm [-w <time>] <disk>");
|
|
exit(0);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
int main(int ac, char **av)
|
|
{
|
|
int fd;
|
|
char *disk = 0;
|
|
int settle_time = 60;
|
|
|
|
/* Parse the simple command-line */
|
|
if (ac == 2)
|
|
disk = av[1];
|
|
else if (ac == 4) {
|
|
settle_time = atoi(av[2]);
|
|
disk = av[3];
|
|
} else
|
|
usage();
|
|
|
|
if (!(fd = open(disk, O_RDONLY|O_NONBLOCK))) {
|
|
printf("Can't open %s, because: %s\n", disk, strerror(errno));
|
|
exit(-1);
|
|
}
|
|
|
|
if (settle_time) {
|
|
printf("Waiting %d seconds for the system to settle down to "
|
|
"'normal'\n", settle_time);
|
|
sleep(settle_time);
|
|
} else
|
|
puts("Not waiting for system to settle down");
|
|
|
|
signal(SIGINT, ender);
|
|
|
|
measure(fd);
|
|
|
|
close(fd);
|
|
|
|
return 0;
|
|
}
|
|
---------------------------dslm.c END-------------------------------------------
|