mirror of
				https://github.com/saitohirga/WSJT-X.git
				synced 2025-10-25 18:10:21 -04:00 
			
		
		
		
	
		
			
	
	
		
			313 lines
		
	
	
		
			52 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			HTML
		
	
	
	
	
	
		
		
			
		
	
	
			313 lines
		
	
	
		
			52 KiB
		
	
	
	
		
			HTML
		
	
	
	
	
	
|  | <html> | ||
|  | <head> | ||
|  | <meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=US-ASCII"> | ||
|  | <title>Polynomials</title> | ||
|  | <link rel="stylesheet" href="../../math.css" type="text/css"> | ||
|  | <meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.1"> | ||
|  | <link rel="home" href="../../index.html" title="Math Toolkit 2.5.1"> | ||
|  | <link rel="up" href="../roots.html" title="Root finding"> | ||
|  | <link rel="prev" href="root_comparison/elliptic_comparison.html" title="Comparison of Elliptic Integral Root Finding Algoritghms"> | ||
|  | <link rel="next" href="rational.html" title="Polynomial and Rational Function Evaluation"> | ||
|  | </head> | ||
|  | <body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF"> | ||
|  | <table cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr> | ||
|  | <td valign="top"><img alt="Boost C++ Libraries" width="277" height="86" src="../../../../../../boost.png"></td> | ||
|  | <td align="center"><a href="../../../../../../index.html">Home</a></td> | ||
|  | <td align="center"><a href="../../../../../../libs/libraries.htm">Libraries</a></td> | ||
|  | <td align="center"><a href="http://www.boost.org/users/people.html">People</a></td> | ||
|  | <td align="center"><a href="http://www.boost.org/users/faq.html">FAQ</a></td> | ||
|  | <td align="center"><a href="../../../../../../more/index.htm">More</a></td> | ||
|  | </tr></table> | ||
|  | <hr> | ||
|  | <div class="spirit-nav"> | ||
|  | <a accesskey="p" href="root_comparison/elliptic_comparison.html"><img src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/prev.png" alt="Prev"></a><a accesskey="u" href="../roots.html"><img src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/up.png" alt="Up"></a><a accesskey="h" href="../../index.html"><img src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/home.png" alt="Home"></a><a accesskey="n" href="rational.html"><img src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/next.png" alt="Next"></a> | ||
|  | </div> | ||
|  | <div class="section"> | ||
|  | <div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title"> | ||
|  | <a name="math_toolkit.roots.polynomials"></a><a class="link" href="polynomials.html" title="Polynomials">Polynomials</a> | ||
|  | </h3></div></div></div> | ||
|  | <h5> | ||
|  | <a name="math_toolkit.roots.polynomials.h0"></a> | ||
|  |         <span class="phrase"><a name="math_toolkit.roots.polynomials.synopsis"></a></span><a class="link" href="polynomials.html#math_toolkit.roots.polynomials.synopsis">Synopsis</a> | ||
|  |       </h5> | ||
|  | <pre class="programlisting"><span class="preprocessor">#include</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">math</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">tools</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">hpp</span><span class="special">></span> | ||
|  | </pre> | ||
|  | <pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span> <span class="special">{</span> <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">math</span> <span class="special">{</span> | ||
|  | <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">tools</span> <span class="special">{</span> | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> | ||
|  | <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">polynomial</span> | ||
|  | <span class="special">{</span> | ||
|  | <span class="keyword">public</span><span class="special">:</span> | ||
|  |    <span class="comment">// typedefs:</span> | ||
|  |    <span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">vector</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">>::</span><span class="identifier">value_type</span> <span class="identifier">value_type</span><span class="special">;</span> | ||
|  |    <span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">vector</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">>::</span><span class="identifier">size_type</span>  <span class="identifier">size_type</span><span class="special">;</span> | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |    <span class="comment">// construct:</span> | ||
|  |    <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special">(){}</span> | ||
|  |    <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">></span> | ||
|  |    <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">data</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="identifier">order</span><span class="special">);</span> | ||
|  |    <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">I</span><span class="special">></span> | ||
|  |    <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">I</span> <span class="identifier">first</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">I</span> <span class="identifier">last</span><span class="special">);</span> | ||
|  |    <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">></span> | ||
|  |    <span class="keyword">explicit</span> <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">point</span><span class="special">);</span> | ||
|  |    <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">initializer_list</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">l</span><span class="special">);</span> <span class="comment">// C++11</span> | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |    <span class="comment">// access:</span> | ||
|  |    <span class="identifier">size_type</span> <span class="identifier">size</span><span class="special">()</span><span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span> | ||
|  |    <span class="identifier">size_type</span> <span class="identifier">degree</span><span class="special">()</span><span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span> | ||
|  |    <span class="identifier">value_type</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span><span class="special">[](</span><span class="identifier">size_type</span> <span class="identifier">i</span><span class="special">);</span> | ||
|  |    <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">value_type</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span><span class="special">[](</span><span class="identifier">size_type</span> <span class="identifier">i</span><span class="special">)</span><span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span> | ||
|  |    <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">vector</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">data</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span> | ||
|  |    <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">vector</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">>&</span> <span class="identifier">data</span><span class="special">();</span> | ||
|  |    <span class="keyword">explicit</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="keyword">bool</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">;</span> | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |    <span class="comment">// modify:</span> | ||
|  |    <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="identifier">set_zero</span><span class="special">();</span> | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  |    <span class="comment">// operators:</span> | ||
|  |    <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">></span> | ||
|  |    <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">+=(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">value</span><span class="special">);</span> | ||
|  |    <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">></span> | ||
|  |    <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">-=(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">value</span><span class="special">);</span> | ||
|  |    <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">></span> | ||
|  |    <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">*=(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">value</span><span class="special">);</span> | ||
|  |    <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">></span> | ||
|  |    <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">/=(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">value</span><span class="special">);</span> | ||
|  |    <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">></span> | ||
|  |    <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">%=(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">value</span><span class="special">);</span> | ||
|  |    <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">></span> | ||
|  |    <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">+=(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">>&</span> <span class="identifier">value</span><span class="special">);</span> | ||
|  |    <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">></span> | ||
|  |    <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">-=(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">>&</span> <span class="identifier">value</span><span class="special">);</span> | ||
|  |    <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">></span> | ||
|  |    <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">*=(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">>&</span> <span class="identifier">value</span><span class="special">);</span> | ||
|  |    <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">></span> | ||
|  |    <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">/=(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">>&</span> <span class="identifier">value</span><span class="special">);</span> | ||
|  |    <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">></span> | ||
|  |    <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">%=(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">>&</span> <span class="identifier">value</span><span class="special">);</span> | ||
|  | <span class="special">};</span> | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> | ||
|  | <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">+</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">>&</span> <span class="identifier">a</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">>&</span> <span class="identifier">b</span><span class="special">);</span> | ||
|  | <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> | ||
|  | <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">-</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">>&</span> <span class="identifier">a</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">>&</span> <span class="identifier">b</span><span class="special">);</span> | ||
|  | <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> | ||
|  | <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">*</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">>&</span> <span class="identifier">a</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">>&</span> <span class="identifier">b</span><span class="special">);</span> | ||
|  | <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> | ||
|  | <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">/</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">>&</span> <span class="identifier">a</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">>&</span> <span class="identifier">b</span><span class="special">);</span> | ||
|  | <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> | ||
|  | <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">%</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">>&</span> <span class="identifier">a</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">>&</span> <span class="identifier">b</span><span class="special">);</span> | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">></span> | ||
|  | <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">+</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">>&</span> <span class="identifier">a</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">b</span><span class="special">);</span> | ||
|  | <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">></span> | ||
|  | <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">-</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">>&</span> <span class="identifier">a</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">b</span><span class="special">);</span> | ||
|  | <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">></span> | ||
|  | <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">*</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">>&</span> <span class="identifier">a</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">b</span><span class="special">);</span> | ||
|  | <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">></span> | ||
|  | <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">/</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">>&</span> <span class="identifier">a</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">b</span><span class="special">);</span> | ||
|  | <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">></span> | ||
|  | <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">%</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">>&</span> <span class="identifier">a</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">b</span><span class="special">);</span> | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> | ||
|  | <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">+</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">a</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">>&</span> <span class="identifier">b</span><span class="special">);</span> | ||
|  | <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> | ||
|  | <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">-</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">a</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">>&</span> <span class="identifier">b</span><span class="special">);</span> | ||
|  | <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> | ||
|  | <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">*</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">a</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">>&</span> <span class="identifier">b</span><span class="special">);</span> | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> | ||
|  | <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">-</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">>&</span> <span class="identifier">a</span><span class="special">);</span> | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> | ||
|  | <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">>>=</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">a</span><span class="special">);</span> | ||
|  | <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> | ||
|  | <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">>></span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&</span><span class="identifier">a</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">b</span><span class="special">);</span> | ||
|  | <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> | ||
|  | <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special"><<=</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">a</span><span class="special">);</span> | ||
|  | <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> | ||
|  | <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&</span><span class="identifier">a</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">U</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">b</span><span class="special">);</span> | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> | ||
|  | <span class="keyword">bool</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">==</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="special">&</span><span class="identifier">a</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="special">&</span><span class="identifier">b</span><span class="special">);</span> | ||
|  | <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> | ||
|  | <span class="keyword">bool</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">!=</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="special">&</span><span class="identifier">a</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="special">&</span><span class="identifier">b</span><span class="special">);</span> | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> | ||
|  | <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">pow</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">base</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">exp</span><span class="special">);</span> | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">charT</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">traits</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> | ||
|  | <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">basic_ostream</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">charT</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">traits</span><span class="special">>&</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special"><<</span> | ||
|  |    <span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">basic_ostream</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">charT</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">traits</span><span class="special">>&</span> <span class="identifier">os</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">>&</span> <span class="identifier">poly</span><span class="special">);</span> | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | <span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> | ||
|  | <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">pair</span><span class="special"><</span> <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">>,</span> <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="special">></span> | ||
|  | <span class="identifier">quotient_remainder</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">>&</span> <span class="identifier">a</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">>&</span> <span class="identifier">b</span><span class="special">);</span> | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">//    namespace tools</span> | ||
|  | <span class="special">}}</span> <span class="comment">//    namespace boost { namespace math</span> | ||
|  | </pre> | ||
|  | <h5> | ||
|  | <a name="math_toolkit.roots.polynomials.h1"></a> | ||
|  |         <span class="phrase"><a name="math_toolkit.roots.polynomials.description"></a></span><a class="link" href="polynomials.html#math_toolkit.roots.polynomials.description">Description</a> | ||
|  |       </h5> | ||
|  | <p> | ||
|  |         This is a somewhat trivial class for polynomial manipulation. | ||
|  |       </p> | ||
|  | <p> | ||
|  |         See | ||
|  |       </p> | ||
|  | <div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "> | ||
|  | <li class="listitem"> | ||
|  |             <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Polynomial" target="_top">Polynomial</a> | ||
|  |             and | ||
|  |           </li> | ||
|  | <li class="listitem"> | ||
|  |             Donald E. Knuth, The Art of Computer Programming: Volume 2, Third edition, | ||
|  |             (1998) Chapter 4.6.1, Algorithm D: Division of polynomials over a field. | ||
|  |           </li> | ||
|  | </ul></div> | ||
|  | <p> | ||
|  |         Implementation is currently of the "naive" variety, with 𝑶(N<sup>2</sup>) multiplication, | ||
|  |         for example. This class should not be used in high-performance computing | ||
|  |         environments: it is intended for the simple manipulation of small polynomials, | ||
|  |         typically generated for special function approximation. | ||
|  |       </p> | ||
|  | <p> | ||
|  |         It does has division for polynomials over a <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Field_%28mathematics%29" target="_top">field</a> | ||
|  |         (here floating point, complex, etc) and over a unique factorization domain | ||
|  |         (integers). Division of polynomials over a field is compatible with <a href="https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Euclidean_algorithm" target="_top">Euclidean GCD</a>. | ||
|  |       </p> | ||
|  | <p> | ||
|  |         Advanced manipulations: the FFT, factorisation etc are not currently provided. | ||
|  |         Submissions for these are of course welcome :-) | ||
|  |       </p> | ||
|  | <h5> | ||
|  | <a name="math_toolkit.roots.polynomials.h2"></a> | ||
|  |         <span class="phrase"><a name="math_toolkit.roots.polynomials.polynomial_examples"></a></span><a class="link" href="polynomials.html#math_toolkit.roots.polynomials.polynomial_examples">Polynomial | ||
|  |         Arithmetic Examples</a> | ||
|  |       </h5> | ||
|  | <p> | ||
|  |         First include the essential polynomial header (and others) to make the example: | ||
|  |       </p> | ||
|  | <pre class="programlisting"><span class="preprocessor">#include</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">math</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">tools</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">hpp</span><span class="special">></span> | ||
|  | </pre> | ||
|  | <p> | ||
|  |         and some using statements are convenient: | ||
|  |       </p> | ||
|  | <pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">using</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">string</span><span class="special">;</span> | ||
|  | <span class="keyword">using</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">exception</span><span class="special">;</span> | ||
|  | <span class="keyword">using</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span><span class="special">;</span> | ||
|  | <span class="keyword">using</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">abs</span><span class="special">;</span> | ||
|  | <span class="keyword">using</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">pair</span><span class="special">;</span> | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | <span class="keyword">using</span> <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">math</span><span class="special">;</span> | ||
|  | <span class="keyword">using</span> <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">math</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">tools</span><span class="special">;</span> <span class="comment">// for polynomial</span> | ||
|  | <span class="keyword">using</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">lexical_cast</span><span class="special">;</span> | ||
|  | </pre> | ||
|  | <p> | ||
|  |         Store the coefficients in a convenient way to access them, then create some | ||
|  |         polynomials using construction from an iterator range, and finally output | ||
|  |         in a 'pretty' formula format. | ||
|  |       </p> | ||
|  | <div class="tip"><table border="0" summary="Tip"> | ||
|  | <tr> | ||
|  | <td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Tip]" src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/tip.png"></td> | ||
|  | <th align="left">Tip</th> | ||
|  | </tr> | ||
|  | <tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p> | ||
|  |           Although we might conventionally write a polynomial from left to right | ||
|  |           in descending order of degree, Boost.Math stores in <span class="bold"><strong>ascending | ||
|  |           order of degree</strong></span>. | ||
|  |         </p></td></tr> | ||
|  | </table></div> | ||
|  | <pre class="programlisting"><span class="identifier">Read</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">write</span> <span class="keyword">for</span> <span class="identifier">humans</span><span class="special">:</span>    <span class="number">3</span><span class="identifier">x</span><span class="special">^</span><span class="number">3</span> <span class="special">-</span> <span class="number">4</span><span class="identifier">x</span><span class="special">^</span><span class="number">2</span> <span class="special">-</span> <span class="number">6</span><span class="identifier">x</span> <span class="special">+</span> <span class="number">10</span> | ||
|  | <span class="identifier">Boost</span> <span class="identifier">polynomial</span> <span class="identifier">storage</span><span class="special">:</span> <span class="special">[</span> <span class="number">10</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="special">-</span><span class="number">6</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="special">-</span><span class="number">4</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="number">3</span> <span class="special">]</span> | ||
|  | </pre> | ||
|  | <pre class="programlisting"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">array</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="number">4</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">d3a</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="special">{{</span><span class="number">10</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="special">-</span><span class="number">6</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="special">-</span><span class="number">4</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="number">3</span><span class="special">}};</span> | ||
|  | <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">a</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">d3a</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">begin</span><span class="special">(),</span> <span class="identifier">d3a</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">end</span><span class="special">());</span> | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | <span class="comment">// With C++11 and later, you can also use initializer_list construction.</span> | ||
|  | <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">b</span><span class="special">{{-</span><span class="number">2.0</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="number">1.0</span><span class="special">}};</span> | ||
|  | 
 | ||
|  | <span class="comment">// formula_format() converts from Boost storage to human notation.</span> | ||
|  | <span class="identifier">cout</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="string">"a = "</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="identifier">formula_format</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">a</span><span class="special">)</span> | ||
|  | <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="string">"\nb = "</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="identifier">formula_format</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">b</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="string">"\n\n"</span><span class="special">;</span> | ||
|  | </pre> | ||
|  | <p> | ||
|  |         for output: | ||
|  |       </p> | ||
|  | <pre class="programlisting"><span class="identifier">a</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">3</span><span class="identifier">x</span><span class="special">^</span><span class="number">3</span> <span class="special">-</span> <span class="number">4</span><span class="identifier">x</span><span class="special">^</span><span class="number">2</span> <span class="special">-</span> <span class="number">6</span><span class="identifier">x</span> <span class="special">+</span> <span class="number">10</span> | ||
|  | <span class="identifier">b</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">x</span> <span class="special">-</span> <span class="number">2</span> | ||
|  | </pre> | ||
|  | <pre class="programlisting"><span class="comment">// Now we can do arithmetic with the usual infix operators: + - * / and %.</span> | ||
|  | <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">s</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">a</span> <span class="special">+</span> <span class="identifier">b</span><span class="special">;</span> | ||
|  | <span class="identifier">cout</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="string">"a + b = "</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="identifier">formula_format</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">s</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="string">"\n"</span><span class="special">;</span> | ||
|  | <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">d</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">a</span> <span class="special">-</span> <span class="identifier">b</span><span class="special">;</span> | ||
|  | <span class="identifier">cout</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="string">"a - b = "</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="identifier">formula_format</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">d</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="string">"\n"</span><span class="special">;</span> | ||
|  | <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">p</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">a</span> <span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">b</span><span class="special">;</span> | ||
|  | <span class="identifier">cout</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="string">"a * b = "</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="identifier">formula_format</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">p</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="string">"\n"</span><span class="special">;</span> | ||
|  | <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">q</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">a</span> <span class="special">/</span> <span class="identifier">b</span><span class="special">;</span> | ||
|  | <span class="identifier">cout</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="string">"a / b = "</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="identifier">formula_format</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">q</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="string">"\n"</span><span class="special">;</span> | ||
|  | <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">r</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">a</span> <span class="special">%</span> <span class="identifier">b</span><span class="special">;</span> | ||
|  | <span class="identifier">cout</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="string">"a % b = "</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="identifier">formula_format</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">r</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="string">"\n"</span><span class="special">;</span> | ||
|  | </pre> | ||
|  | <p> | ||
|  |         for output | ||
|  |       </p> | ||
|  | <pre class="programlisting"><span class="identifier">a</span> <span class="special">+</span> <span class="identifier">b</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">3</span><span class="identifier">x</span><span class="special">^</span><span class="number">3</span> <span class="special">-</span> <span class="number">4</span><span class="identifier">x</span><span class="special">^</span><span class="number">2</span> <span class="special">-</span> <span class="number">5</span><span class="identifier">x</span> <span class="special">+</span> <span class="number">8</span> | ||
|  | <span class="identifier">a</span> <span class="special">-</span> <span class="identifier">b</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">3</span><span class="identifier">x</span><span class="special">^</span><span class="number">3</span> <span class="special">-</span> <span class="number">4</span><span class="identifier">x</span><span class="special">^</span><span class="number">2</span> <span class="special">-</span> <span class="number">7</span><span class="identifier">x</span> <span class="special">+</span> <span class="number">12</span> | ||
|  | <span class="identifier">a</span> <span class="special">*</span> <span class="identifier">b</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">3</span><span class="identifier">x</span><span class="special">^</span><span class="number">4</span> <span class="special">-</span> <span class="number">10</span><span class="identifier">x</span><span class="special">^</span><span class="number">3</span> <span class="special">+</span> <span class="number">2</span><span class="identifier">x</span><span class="special">^</span><span class="number">2</span> <span class="special">+</span> <span class="number">22</span><span class="identifier">x</span> <span class="special">-</span> <span class="number">20</span> | ||
|  | <span class="identifier">a</span> <span class="special">/</span> <span class="identifier">b</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">3</span><span class="identifier">x</span><span class="special">^</span><span class="number">2</span> <span class="special">+</span> <span class="number">2</span><span class="identifier">x</span> <span class="special">-</span> <span class="number">2</span> | ||
|  | <span class="identifier">a</span> <span class="special">%</span> <span class="identifier">b</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">6</span> | ||
|  | </pre> | ||
|  | <h6> | ||
|  | <a name="math_toolkit.roots.polynomials.h3"></a> | ||
|  |         <span class="phrase"><a name="math_toolkit.roots.polynomials.division_quotient_and_remainder"></a></span><a class="link" href="polynomials.html#math_toolkit.roots.polynomials.division_quotient_and_remainder">Division, | ||
|  |         Quotient and Remainder</a> | ||
|  |       </h6> | ||
|  | <p> | ||
|  |         Division is a special case where you can calculate two for the price of one. | ||
|  |       </p> | ||
|  | <p> | ||
|  |         Actually, quotient and remainder are always calculated together due to the | ||
|  |         nature of the algorithm: the infix operators return one result and throw | ||
|  |         the other away. | ||
|  |       </p> | ||
|  | <p> | ||
|  |         If you are doing a lot of division and want both the quotient and remainder, | ||
|  |         then you don't want to do twice the work necessary. | ||
|  |       </p> | ||
|  | <p> | ||
|  |         In that case you can call the underlying function, <code class="literal">quotient_remainder</code>, | ||
|  |         to get both results together as a pair. | ||
|  |       </p> | ||
|  | <pre class="programlisting">  <span class="identifier">pair</span><span class="special"><</span> <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">>,</span> <span class="identifier">polynomial</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">result</span><span class="special">;</span> | ||
|  |   <span class="identifier">result</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">quotient_remainder</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">a</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">b</span><span class="special">);</span> | ||
|  | <span class="comment">// Reassure ourselves that the result is the same.</span> | ||
|  |   <span class="identifier">BOOST_ASSERT</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">result</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">first</span> <span class="special">==</span> <span class="identifier">q</span><span class="special">);</span> | ||
|  |   <span class="identifier">BOOST_ASSERT</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">result</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">second</span> <span class="special">==</span> <span class="identifier">r</span><span class="special">);</span> | ||
|  | </pre> | ||
|  | <p> | ||
|  |         The source code is at <a href="../../../../example/polynomial_arithmetic.cpp" target="_top">polynomial_arithmetic.cpp</a> | ||
|  |       </p> | ||
|  | </div> | ||
|  | <table xmlns:rev="http://www.cs.rpi.edu/~gregod/boost/tools/doc/revision" width="100%"><tr> | ||
|  | <td align="left"></td> | ||
|  | <td align="right"><div class="copyright-footer">Copyright © 2006-2010, 2012-2014 Nikhar Agrawal, | ||
|  |       Anton Bikineev, Paul A. Bristow, Marco Guazzone, Christopher Kormanyos, Hubert | ||
|  |       Holin, Bruno Lalande, John Maddock, Jeremy Murphy, Johan Råde, Gautam Sewani, | ||
|  |       Benjamin Sobotta, Thijs van den Berg, Daryle Walker and Xiaogang Zhang<p> | ||
|  |         Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying | ||
|  |         file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at <a href="http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt" target="_top">http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt</a>) | ||
|  |       </p> | ||
|  | </div></td> | ||
|  | </tr></table> | ||
|  | <hr> | ||
|  | <div class="spirit-nav"> | ||
|  | <a accesskey="p" href="root_comparison/elliptic_comparison.html"><img src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/prev.png" alt="Prev"></a><a accesskey="u" href="../roots.html"><img src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/up.png" alt="Up"></a><a accesskey="h" href="../../index.html"><img src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/home.png" alt="Home"></a><a accesskey="n" href="rational.html"><img src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/next.png" alt="Next"></a> | ||
|  | </div> | ||
|  | </body> | ||
|  | </html> |