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110 lines
4.1 KiB
Plaintext
110 lines
4.1 KiB
Plaintext
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// Status=review
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=== Standard Exchange
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By longstanding tradition, a minimal valid QSO requires the exchange
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of callsigns, a signal report or some other information, and
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acknowledgments. {wsjtx} is designed to facilitate making such
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minimal QSOs using short, formatted messages. The process works best
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if you use these formats and follow standard operating practices. The
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recommended basic QSO goes something like this:
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[width="90%",cols="3,^3,^3,^4,10",options="header"]
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|=======================================
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|UTC|To|From|Grid/Rpt|Comment
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|0001|CQ|K1ABC|FN42|~ K1ABC calls CQ
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|0002|K1ABC|G0XYZ|IO91|~ G0XYZ answers
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|0003|G0XYZ|K1ABC|–19|~ K1ABC sends report
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|0004|K1ABC|G0XYZ|R–22|~ G0XYZ sends acknowledgment and report
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|0005|G0XYZ|K1ABC|RRR|~ K1ABC sends acknowledgment
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|0006|K1ABC|G0XYZ|73|~ G0XYZ sends 73
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|=======================================
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*Standard messages* consist of two callsigns (or CQ, QRZ, or DE and
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one callsign) followed by the transmitting station’s grid locator, a
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signal report, acknowledgement R plus a signal report, or the final
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acknowledgements “RRR” or “73”. Messages are compressed and encoded
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in a highly efficient and reliable way.
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*Signal reports* are specified as signal-to-noise ratio (S/N) in dB,
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using a standard reference noise bandwidth 2500 Hz. JT65 reports must
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lie in the range –30 to –1 dB, while JT9 supports the extended range
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–50 to +49 dB. Thus, in example message #0003, K1ABC is telling G0XYZ
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that his signal is 19 dB below the noise power in bandwidth 2500 Hz.
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In message #0004, G0XYZ acknowledges receipt of that report and
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responds with a –22 dB signal report.
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TIP: For operators with very good hearing, signals become audible
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around S/N = –15 dB and visible on the waterfall to –26 dB. The JT65
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decoder begins to fail around –24 dB, JT9 around –26 dB.
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*Free Text Messages*: Users often add some friendly chit-chat as a
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final transmission, in place of the formatted ``73'' message.
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Free-format messages such as ``TNX JOE 73 GL'' or `5W VERT 73 GL'' are
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supported, up to a maximum of 13 characters (including spaces). It
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should be obvious that JT9 and JT65 are not suitable for extensive
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conversations or rag-chewing.
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=== Compound Callsigns
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//This section needs work! Must describe and give examples for both
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//JT65v1 and JT65v2 formats.
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Compound call-signs such as PJ4/K1ABC or G0XYZ/P are handled in a slightly
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different way. The following formats are all valid:
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.Valid Messages with Compound Callsigns
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[width="40%",cols="2,2,2",options="header"]
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|=====================
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|Action|Callsign|Grid
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|CQ|pfx/callsign|grid
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|QRZ|pfx/callsign|grid
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|DE|pfx/callsign|grid
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|CQ|callsign/sfx|grid
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|QRZ|callsign/sfx|grid
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|DE|callsign/sfx|grid
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|=====================
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- ``pfx'' is a 1-4 character prefix
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- ``callsign'' is a standard callsign
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- ``sfx'' is a 1-3 character suffix
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- ``grid'' is a 4-character Maidenhead locator
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- A signal report of the form “±nn” or “R±nn”, or the acknowledgment
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or sign-off messages “RRR” or “73”. {wsjtx} generates messages in
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these forms automatically, as required.
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- A QSO between two stations using compound call-signs might look like this:
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CQ KP4/K1ABC FK68
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DE G0XYZ/P IO91
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G0XYZ K1ABC –19
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K1ABC G0XYZ R–22
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G0XYZ K1ABC RRR
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DE G0XYZ/P 73
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////
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.Compound Exch Example
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[width="40%",cols="2,2,2",options="header"]
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|=====================
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|Action|Callsign|Grid
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|CQ|KP4/K1ABC|FK68
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|DE|G0XYZ/P|IO91
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|G0XYZ|K1ABC|–19
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|K1ABC|G0XYZ|R–22
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|G0XYZ|K1ABC|RRR
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|DE|G0XYZ/P|73
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|=====================
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////
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=== Pre-QSO Checklist
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Before attempting your first QSO with JT9 or JT65, be sure to go
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through the <<X15,Basic Tutorial>> above and the following checklist:
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- Your callsign and grid locator set to correct values
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- PTT and CAT control (if used) properly configured and tested
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- Computer clock properly synchronized with UTC to within ±1 s
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- Radio set to USB (upper sideband) mode
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- Radio's Split mode selected or not, consistent with your choice on
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*Station* tab of *Configuration* window.
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- Remember that JT9 and J65 generally do not require high power. Under
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most propagation conditions, [red]*QRP is the rule!*
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