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boost_numericconversion/bounds___traits_class.html
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boost_numericconversion/improved_numeric_cast__.html
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<a name="boost_numericconversion.bounds___traits_class"></a><a class="link" href="bounds___traits_class.html" title="bounds<> traits class">bounds<>
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traits class</a>
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</h2></div></div></div>
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<div class="toc"><dl class="toc">
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<dt><span class="section"><a href="bounds___traits_class.html#boost_numericconversion.bounds___traits_class.introduction">Introduction</a></span></dt>
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<dt><span class="section"><a href="bounds___traits_class.html#boost_numericconversion.bounds___traits_class.traits_class_bounds_n_">traits
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class bounds<N></a></span></dt>
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<dt><span class="section"><a href="bounds___traits_class.html#boost_numericconversion.bounds___traits_class.examples">Examples</a></span></dt>
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</dl></div>
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<div class="section">
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<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
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<a name="boost_numericconversion.bounds___traits_class.introduction"></a><a class="link" href="bounds___traits_class.html#boost_numericconversion.bounds___traits_class.introduction" title="Introduction">Introduction</a>
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||||
</h3></div></div></div>
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||||
<p>
|
||||
To determine the ranges of numeric types with <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric_limits</span></code>
|
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[18.2.1], different syntax have to be used depending on numeric type. Specifically,
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">numeric_limits</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">>::</span><span class="identifier">min</span><span class="special">()</span></code> for
|
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integral types returns the minimum finite value, whereas for floating point
|
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types it returns the minimum positive normalized value. The difference in
|
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semantics makes client code unnecessarily complex and error prone.
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</p>
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<p>
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<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">bounds</span><span class="special"><></span></code>
|
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provides a consistent interface for retrieving the maximum finite value,
|
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the minimum finite value and the minimum positive normalized value (0 for
|
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integral types) for numeric types. The selection of implementation is performed
|
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at compile time, so there is no runtime overhead.
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</p>
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</div>
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<div class="section">
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<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
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<a name="boost_numericconversion.bounds___traits_class.traits_class_bounds_n_"></a><a class="link" href="bounds___traits_class.html#boost_numericconversion.bounds___traits_class.traits_class_bounds_n_" title="traits class bounds<N>">traits
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class bounds<N></a>
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</h3></div></div></div>
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<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">N</span><span class="special">></span>
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<span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">bounds</span>
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<span class="special">{</span>
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<span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="identifier">N</span> <span class="identifier">lowest</span> <span class="special">()</span> <span class="special">{</span> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="identifier">implementation_defined</span><span class="special">;</span> <span class="special">}</span>
|
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<span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="identifier">N</span> <span class="identifier">highest</span> <span class="special">()</span> <span class="special">{</span> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="identifier">implementation_defined</span><span class="special">;</span> <span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="identifier">N</span> <span class="identifier">smallest</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="special">{</span> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="identifier">implementation_defined</span><span class="special">;</span> <span class="special">}</span>
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<span class="special">};</span>
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</pre>
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<h5>
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<a name="boost_numericconversion.bounds___traits_class.traits_class_bounds_n_.h0"></a>
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<span class="phrase"><a name="boost_numericconversion.bounds___traits_class.traits_class_bounds_n_.members"></a></span><a class="link" href="bounds___traits_class.html#boost_numericconversion.bounds___traits_class.traits_class_bounds_n_.members">Members</a>
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</h5>
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<div class="blockquote"><blockquote class="blockquote"><p>
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<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">lowest</span><span class="special">()</span></code>
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</p></blockquote></div>
|
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<p>
|
||||
Returns the minimum finite value, equivalent to <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">numeric_limits</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">>::</span><span class="identifier">min</span><span class="special">()</span></code> when
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code> is an integral type, and
|
||||
to <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">numeric_limits</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">>::</span><span class="identifier">max</span><span class="special">()</span></code> when
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code> is a floating point type.
|
||||
</p>
|
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<div class="blockquote"><blockquote class="blockquote"><p>
|
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<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">highest</span><span class="special">()</span></code>
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</p></blockquote></div>
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<p>
|
||||
Returns the maximum finite value, equivalent to <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">numeric_limits</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">>::</span><span class="identifier">max</span><span class="special">()</span></code>.
|
||||
</p>
|
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<div class="blockquote"><blockquote class="blockquote"><p>
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">smallest</span><span class="special">()</span></code>
|
||||
</p></blockquote></div>
|
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<p>
|
||||
Returns the smallest positive normalized value for floating point types with
|
||||
denormalization, or returns 0 for integral types.
|
||||
</p>
|
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</div>
|
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<div class="section">
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<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
|
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<a name="boost_numericconversion.bounds___traits_class.examples"></a><a class="link" href="bounds___traits_class.html#boost_numericconversion.bounds___traits_class.examples" title="Examples">Examples</a>
|
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</h3></div></div></div>
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<p>
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The following example demonstrates the use of <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">numeric</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">bounds</span><span class="special"><></span></code> and the equivalent code using <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">numeric_limits</span></code>:
|
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</p>
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<pre class="programlisting"><span class="preprocessor">#include</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">iostream</span><span class="special">></span>
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<span class="preprocessor">#include</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">numeric</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">conversion</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">bounds</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">hpp</span><span class="special">></span>
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<span class="preprocessor">#include</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">limits</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">hpp</span><span class="special">></span>
|
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<span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">main</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="special">{</span>
|
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<span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="string">"numeric::bounds versus numeric_limits example.\n"</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
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||||
<span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="string">"The maximum value for float:\n"</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
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<span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">bounds</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">float</span><span class="special">>::</span><span class="identifier">highest</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="string">"\n"</span><span class="special">;</span>
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<span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric_limits</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">float</span><span class="special">>::</span><span class="identifier">max</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="string">"\n"</span><span class="special">;</span>
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<span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="string">"The minimum value for float:\n"</span><span class="special">;</span>
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<span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">bounds</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">float</span><span class="special">>::</span><span class="identifier">lowest</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="string">"\n"</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric_limits</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">float</span><span class="special">>::</span><span class="identifier">max</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="string">"\n"</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="string">"The smallest positive value for float:\n"</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">bounds</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">float</span><span class="special">>::</span><span class="identifier">smallest</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="string">"\n"</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric_limits</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">float</span><span class="special">>::</span><span class="identifier">min</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="string">"\n"</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">0</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
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</pre>
|
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</div>
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</div>
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||||
<table xmlns:rev="http://www.cs.rpi.edu/~gregod/boost/tools/doc/revision" width="100%"><tr>
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<td align="left"></td>
|
||||
<td align="right"><div class="copyright-footer">Copyright © 2004-2007 Fernando
|
||||
Luis Cacciola Carballal<p>
|
||||
Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
|
||||
file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at <a href="http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt" target="_top">http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt</a>)
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</p>
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<a name="boost_numericconversion.conversion_traits___traits_class"></a><a class="link" href="conversion_traits___traits_class.html" title="conversion_traits<> traits class">conversion_traits<>
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traits class</a>
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</h2></div></div></div>
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<div class="toc"><dl class="toc">
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<dt><span class="section"><a href="conversion_traits___traits_class.html#boost_numericconversion.conversion_traits___traits_class.types">Types</a></span></dt>
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<dt><span class="section"><a href="conversion_traits___traits_class.html#boost_numericconversion.conversion_traits___traits_class.examples">Examples</a></span></dt>
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</dl></div>
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<div class="section">
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<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
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<a name="boost_numericconversion.conversion_traits___traits_class.types"></a><a class="link" href="conversion_traits___traits_class.html#boost_numericconversion.conversion_traits___traits_class.types" title="Types">Types</a>
|
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</h3></div></div></div>
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<div class="toc"><dl class="toc">
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="conversion_traits___traits_class.html#boost_numericconversion.conversion_traits___traits_class.types.enumeration_int_float_mixture_enum">enumeration
|
||||
int_float_mixture_enum</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="conversion_traits___traits_class.html#boost_numericconversion.conversion_traits___traits_class.types.enumeration_sign_mixture_enum">enumeration
|
||||
sign_mixture_enum</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="conversion_traits___traits_class.html#boost_numericconversion.conversion_traits___traits_class.types.enumeration_udt_builtin_mixture_enum">enumeration
|
||||
udt_builtin_mixture_enum</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="conversion_traits___traits_class.html#boost_numericconversion.conversion_traits___traits_class.types.template_class_int_float_mixture__">template
|
||||
class int_float_mixture<></a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="conversion_traits___traits_class.html#boost_numericconversion.conversion_traits___traits_class.types.template_class_sign_mixture__">template
|
||||
class sign_mixture<></a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="conversion_traits___traits_class.html#boost_numericconversion.conversion_traits___traits_class.types.template_class_udt_builtin_mixture__">template
|
||||
class udt_builtin_mixture<></a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="conversion_traits___traits_class.html#boost_numericconversion.conversion_traits___traits_class.types.template_class_is_subranged__">template
|
||||
class is_subranged<></a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="conversion_traits___traits_class.html#boost_numericconversion.conversion_traits___traits_class.types.template_class_conversion_traits__">template
|
||||
class conversion_traits<></a></span></dt>
|
||||
</dl></div>
|
||||
<div class="section">
|
||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.conversion_traits___traits_class.types.enumeration_int_float_mixture_enum"></a><a class="link" href="conversion_traits___traits_class.html#boost_numericconversion.conversion_traits___traits_class.types.enumeration_int_float_mixture_enum" title="enumeration int_float_mixture_enum">enumeration
|
||||
int_float_mixture_enum</a>
|
||||
</h4></div></div></div>
|
||||
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span> <span class="special">{</span> <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">numeric</span> <span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">enum</span> <span class="identifier">int_float_mixture_enum</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">integral_to_integral</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">,</span><span class="identifier">integral_to_float</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">,</span><span class="identifier">float_to_integral</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">,</span><span class="identifier">float_to_float</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span> <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// namespace boost::numeric</span>
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section">
|
||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.conversion_traits___traits_class.types.enumeration_sign_mixture_enum"></a><a class="link" href="conversion_traits___traits_class.html#boost_numericconversion.conversion_traits___traits_class.types.enumeration_sign_mixture_enum" title="enumeration sign_mixture_enum">enumeration
|
||||
sign_mixture_enum</a>
|
||||
</h4></div></div></div>
|
||||
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span> <span class="special">{</span> <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">numeric</span> <span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">enum</span> <span class="identifier">sign_mixture_enum</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">unsigned_to_unsigned</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">,</span><span class="identifier">signed_to_signed</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">,</span><span class="identifier">signed_to_unsigned</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">,</span><span class="identifier">unsigned_to_signed</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span> <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// namespace boost::numeric</span>
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section">
|
||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.conversion_traits___traits_class.types.enumeration_udt_builtin_mixture_enum"></a><a class="link" href="conversion_traits___traits_class.html#boost_numericconversion.conversion_traits___traits_class.types.enumeration_udt_builtin_mixture_enum" title="enumeration udt_builtin_mixture_enum">enumeration
|
||||
udt_builtin_mixture_enum</a>
|
||||
</h4></div></div></div>
|
||||
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span> <span class="special">{</span> <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">numeric</span> <span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">enum</span> <span class="identifier">udt_builtin_mixture_enum</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">builtin_to_builtin</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">,</span><span class="identifier">builtin_to_udt</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">,</span><span class="identifier">udt_to_builtin</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">,</span><span class="identifier">udt_to_udt</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span> <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// namespace boost::numeric</span>
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section">
|
||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.conversion_traits___traits_class.types.template_class_int_float_mixture__"></a><a class="link" href="conversion_traits___traits_class.html#boost_numericconversion.conversion_traits___traits_class.types.template_class_int_float_mixture__" title="template class int_float_mixture<>">template
|
||||
class int_float_mixture<></a>
|
||||
</h4></div></div></div>
|
||||
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span> <span class="special">{</span> <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">numeric</span> <span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">S</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">int_float_mixture</span> <span class="special">:</span> <span class="identifier">mpl</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">integral_c</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">int_float_mixture_enum</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">impl</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">def</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">value</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="special">{}</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span> <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// namespace boost::numeric</span>
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Classifying <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">S</span></code> and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code> as either integral or float, this
|
||||
<a href="../../../../../mpl/doc/refmanual/integral-constant.html" target="_top">MPL's
|
||||
Integral Constant</a> indicates the combination of these attributes.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Its <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">value</span></code>
|
||||
is of enumeration type <a class="link" href="conversion_traits___traits_class.html#boost_numericconversion.conversion_traits___traits_class.types.enumeration_int_float_mixture_enum" title="enumeration int_float_mixture_enum"><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">int_float_mixture_enum</span></code></a>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section">
|
||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.conversion_traits___traits_class.types.template_class_sign_mixture__"></a><a class="link" href="conversion_traits___traits_class.html#boost_numericconversion.conversion_traits___traits_class.types.template_class_sign_mixture__" title="template class sign_mixture<>">template
|
||||
class sign_mixture<></a>
|
||||
</h4></div></div></div>
|
||||
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span> <span class="special">{</span> <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">numeric</span> <span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">S</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">sign_mixture</span> <span class="special">:</span> <span class="identifier">mpl</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">integral_c</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">sign_mixture_enum</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">impl</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">def</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">value</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="special">{}</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span> <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// namespace boost::numeric</span>
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Classifying <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">S</span></code> and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code> as either signed or unsigned, this
|
||||
<a href="../../../../../mpl/doc/refmanual/integral-constant.html" target="_top">MPL's
|
||||
Integral Constant</a> indicates the combination of these attributes.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Its <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">value</span></code>
|
||||
is of enumeration type <a class="link" href="conversion_traits___traits_class.html#boost_numericconversion.conversion_traits___traits_class.types.enumeration_sign_mixture_enum" title="enumeration sign_mixture_enum"><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">sign_mixture_enum</span></code></a>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section">
|
||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.conversion_traits___traits_class.types.template_class_udt_builtin_mixture__"></a><a class="link" href="conversion_traits___traits_class.html#boost_numericconversion.conversion_traits___traits_class.types.template_class_udt_builtin_mixture__" title="template class udt_builtin_mixture<>">template
|
||||
class udt_builtin_mixture<></a>
|
||||
</h4></div></div></div>
|
||||
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span> <span class="special">{</span> <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">numeric</span> <span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">S</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">udt_builtin_mixture</span> <span class="special">:</span> <span class="identifier">mpl</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">integral_c</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">udt_builtin__mixture_enum</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">impl</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">def</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">value</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="special">{}</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span> <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// namespace boost::numeric</span>
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Classifying <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">S</span></code> and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code> as either user-defined or builtin,
|
||||
this <a href="../../../../../mpl/doc/refmanual/integral-constant.html" target="_top">MPL's
|
||||
Integral Constant</a> indicates the combination of these attributes.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Its <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">value</span></code>
|
||||
is of enumeration type <a class="link" href="conversion_traits___traits_class.html#boost_numericconversion.conversion_traits___traits_class.types.enumeration_udt_builtin_mixture_enum" title="enumeration udt_builtin_mixture_enum"><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">udt_builtin_mixture_enum</span></code></a>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section">
|
||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.conversion_traits___traits_class.types.template_class_is_subranged__"></a><a class="link" href="conversion_traits___traits_class.html#boost_numericconversion.conversion_traits___traits_class.types.template_class_is_subranged__" title="template class is_subranged<>">template
|
||||
class is_subranged<></a>
|
||||
</h4></div></div></div>
|
||||
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span> <span class="special">{</span> <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">numeric</span> <span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">S</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">is_subranged</span> <span class="special">:</span> <span class="identifier">mpl</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">bool_</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">impl</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">def</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">value</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="special">{}</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span> <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// namespace boost::numeric</span>
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Indicates if the range of the target type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code>
|
||||
is a subset of the range of the source type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">S</span></code>.
|
||||
That is: if there are some source values which fall out of the Target type's
|
||||
range.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
It is a boolean <a href="../../../../../mpl/doc/refmanual/integral-constant.html" target="_top">MPL's
|
||||
Integral Constant</a> .
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
It does not indicate if a particular conversion is effectively out of range;
|
||||
it indicates that some conversion might be out of range because not all
|
||||
the source values are representable as Target type.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section">
|
||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h4 class="title">
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.conversion_traits___traits_class.types.template_class_conversion_traits__"></a><a class="link" href="conversion_traits___traits_class.html#boost_numericconversion.conversion_traits___traits_class.types.template_class_conversion_traits__" title="template class conversion_traits<>">template
|
||||
class conversion_traits<></a>
|
||||
</h4></div></div></div>
|
||||
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span> <span class="special">{</span> <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">numeric</span> <span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">S</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">conversion_traits</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">mpl</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">integral_c</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">int_float_mixture_enum</span> <span class="special">,</span> <span class="special">...></span> <span class="identifier">int_float_mixture</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">mpl</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">integral_c</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">sign_mixture_enum</span> <span class="special">,</span> <span class="special">...></span> <span class="identifier">sign_mixture</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">mpl</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">integral_c</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">udt_builtin_mixture_enum</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="special">...></span> <span class="identifier">udt_builtin_mixture</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="identifier">mpl</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">bool_</span><span class="special"><...></span> <span class="identifier">subranged</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">mpl</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">bool_</span><span class="special"><...></span> <span class="identifier">trivial</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="identifier">target_type</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">S</span> <span class="identifier">source_type</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="special">...</span> <span class="identifier">argument_type</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="special">...</span> <span class="identifier">result_type</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="special">...</span> <span class="identifier">supertype</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="special">...</span> <span class="identifier">subtype</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span> <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// namespace numeric, namespace boost</span>
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
This traits class indicates some properties of a <span class="emphasis"><em>numeric conversion</em></span>
|
||||
direction: from a source type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">S</span></code>
|
||||
to a target type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code>. It
|
||||
does not indicate the properties of a <span class="emphasis"><em>specific</em></span> conversion,
|
||||
but of the conversion direction. See <a class="link" href="definitions.html#boost_numericconversion.definitions.subranged_conversion_direction__subtype_and_supertype" title="Subranged Conversion Direction, Subtype and Supertype">Definitions</a>
|
||||
for details.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The traits class provides the following <a href="../../../../../mpl/doc/refmanual/integral-constant.html" target="_top">MPL's
|
||||
Integral Constant</a> \s of enumeration type. They express the combination
|
||||
of certain attributes of the Source and Target types (thus they are call
|
||||
mixture):
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="informaltable"><table class="table">
|
||||
<colgroup>
|
||||
<col>
|
||||
<col>
|
||||
</colgroup>
|
||||
<thead><tr>
|
||||
<th>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
</tr></thead>
|
||||
<tbody>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<span class="bold"><strong>int_float_mixture </strong></span>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Same as given by the traits class <a class="link" href="conversion_traits___traits_class.html#boost_numericconversion.conversion_traits___traits_class.types.template_class_int_float_mixture__" title="template class int_float_mixture<>">int_float_mixture</a>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<span class="bold"><strong>sign_mixture </strong></span>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Same as given by the traits class <a class="link" href="conversion_traits___traits_class.html#boost_numericconversion.conversion_traits___traits_class.types.template_class_sign_mixture__" title="template class sign_mixture<>">sign_mixture</a>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<span class="bold"><strong>udt_builtin_mixture </strong></span>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Same as given by the traits class <a class="link" href="conversion_traits___traits_class.html#boost_numericconversion.conversion_traits___traits_class.types.template_class_udt_builtin_mixture__" title="template class udt_builtin_mixture<>">udt_builtin_mixture</a>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
</table></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The traits class provides the following <a href="../../../../../mpl/doc/refmanual/integral-constant.html" target="_top">MPL's
|
||||
Integral Constant</a> \s of boolean type which indicates indirectly
|
||||
the relation between the Source and Target ranges (see <a class="link" href="definitions.html#boost_numericconversion.definitions.range_and_precision" title="Range and Precision">Definitions</a>
|
||||
for details).
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="informaltable"><table class="table">
|
||||
<colgroup>
|
||||
<col>
|
||||
<col>
|
||||
</colgroup>
|
||||
<thead><tr>
|
||||
<th>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
</tr></thead>
|
||||
<tbody>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
subranged
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Same as given by <a class="link" href="conversion_traits___traits_class.html#boost_numericconversion.conversion_traits___traits_class.types.template_class_is_subranged__" title="template class is_subranged<>">is_subranged</a>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
trivial
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Indicates if both Source and Target, <span class="underline">without
|
||||
cv-qualifications</span>, are the same type.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Its <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">value</span></code>
|
||||
is of boolean type.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
</table></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The traits class provides the following types. They are the Source and
|
||||
Target types classified and qualified for different purposes.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="informaltable"><table class="table">
|
||||
<colgroup>
|
||||
<col>
|
||||
<col>
|
||||
</colgroup>
|
||||
<thead><tr>
|
||||
<th>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
</tr></thead>
|
||||
<tbody>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<span class="bold"><strong>target_type</strong></span>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The template parameter <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code>
|
||||
without cv-qualifications
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<span class="bold"><strong>source_type</strong></span>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The template parameter <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">S</span></code>
|
||||
without cv-qualifications
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<span class="bold"><strong>argument_type</strong></span>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
This type is either source_type or <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">source_type</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">&</span></code>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
It represents the optimal argument type for the <a class="link" href="converter___function_object.html" title="converter<> function object">converter</a>
|
||||
member functions.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
If S is a built-in type, this is <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">source_type</span></code>,
|
||||
otherwise, this is <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">source_type</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">&</span></code>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<span class="bold"><strong>result_type</strong></span>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
This type is either target_type or target_type const&
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
It represents the return type of the <a class="link" href="converter___function_object.html" title="converter<> function object">converter</a>
|
||||
member functions.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
If <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">==</span><span class="identifier">S</span></code>, it is <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">target_type</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">&</span></code>,
|
||||
otherwise, it is <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">target_type</span></code>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<span class="bold"><strong>supertype</strong></span>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
If the conversion is subranged, it is <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">source_type</span></code>,
|
||||
otherwise, it is <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">target_type</span></code>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<span class="bold"><strong>subtype</strong></span>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
If the conversion is subranged, it is <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">target_type</span></code>,
|
||||
otherwise, it is <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">source_type</span></code>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
</table></div>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section">
|
||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.conversion_traits___traits_class.examples"></a><a class="link" href="conversion_traits___traits_class.html#boost_numericconversion.conversion_traits___traits_class.examples" title="Examples">Examples</a>
|
||||
</h3></div></div></div>
|
||||
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="preprocessor">#include</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">cassert</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="preprocessor">#include</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">typeinfo</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="preprocessor">#include</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">numeric</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">conversion</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">conversion_traits</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">hpp</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">main</span><span class="special">()</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="comment">// A trivial conversion.</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">conversion_traits</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">short</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="keyword">short</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">Short2Short_Traits</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">assert</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">Short2Short_Traits</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">trivial</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">value</span> <span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="comment">// A subranged conversion.</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">conversion_traits</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="keyword">int</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">UInt2Double_Traits</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">assert</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">UInt2Double_Traits</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">int_float_mixture</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">value</span> <span class="special">==</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">integral_to_float</span> <span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">assert</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">UInt2Double_Traits</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">sign_mixture</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">value</span> <span class="special">==</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">unsigned_to_signed</span> <span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">assert</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="special">!</span><span class="identifier">UInt2Double_Traits</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">subranged</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">value</span> <span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">assert</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="keyword">typeid</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">UInt2Double_Traits</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">supertype</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">==</span> <span class="keyword">typeid</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">assert</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="keyword">typeid</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">UInt2Double_Traits</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">subtype</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">==</span> <span class="keyword">typeid</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="keyword">int</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="comment">// A doubly subranged conversion.</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">assert</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">conversion_traits</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">short</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="keyword">short</span><span class="special">>::</span><span class="identifier">subranged</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">value</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">);</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">assert</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">conversion_traits</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="keyword">short</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">short</span><span class="special">>::</span><span class="identifier">subranged</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">value</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">);</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">0</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<table xmlns:rev="http://www.cs.rpi.edu/~gregod/boost/tools/doc/revision" width="100%"><tr>
|
||||
<td align="left"></td>
|
||||
<td align="right"><div class="copyright-footer">Copyright © 2004-2007 Fernando
|
||||
Luis Cacciola Carballal<p>
|
||||
Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
|
||||
file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at <a href="http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt" target="_top">http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt</a>)
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</div></td>
|
||||
</tr></table>
|
||||
<hr>
|
||||
<div class="spirit-nav">
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<a accesskey="p" href="bounds___traits_class.html"><img src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/prev.png" alt="Prev"></a><a accesskey="u" href="../index.html"><img src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/up.png" alt="Up"></a><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html"><img src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/home.png" alt="Home"></a><a accesskey="n" href="numeric_converter_policy_classes.html"><img src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/next.png" alt="Next"></a>
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<div class="section">
|
||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.converter___function_object"></a><a class="link" href="converter___function_object.html" title="converter<> function object">converter<>
|
||||
function object</a>
|
||||
</h2></div></div></div>
|
||||
<div class="toc"><dl class="toc">
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="converter___function_object.html#boost_numericconversion.converter___function_object.synopsis">Synopsis</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="converter___function_object.html#boost_numericconversion.converter___function_object.template_parameters">Template
|
||||
parameters</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="converter___function_object.html#boost_numericconversion.converter___function_object.member_functions">Member
|
||||
functions</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="converter___function_object.html#boost_numericconversion.converter___function_object.range_checking_logic">Range
|
||||
Checking Logic</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="converter___function_object.html#boost_numericconversion.converter___function_object.examples">Examples</a></span></dt>
|
||||
</dl></div>
|
||||
<div class="section">
|
||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.converter___function_object.synopsis"></a><a class="link" href="converter___function_object.html#boost_numericconversion.converter___function_object.synopsis" title="Synopsis">Synopsis</a>
|
||||
</h3></div></div></div>
|
||||
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span> <span class="special">{</span> <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">numeric</span> <span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">,</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">S</span><span class="special">,</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">Traits</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">conversion_traits</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="identifier">S</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">OverflowHandler</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">def_overflow_handler</span><span class="special">,</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">Float2IntRounder</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">Trunc</span><span class="special"><</span> <span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">Traits</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">source_type</span> <span class="special">>,</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">RawConverter</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">raw_converter</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">Traits</span><span class="special">>,</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">UserRangeChecker</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">UseInternalRangeChecker</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">converter</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">Traits</span> <span class="identifier">traits</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">Traits</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">source_type</span> <span class="identifier">source_type</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">Traits</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">argument_type</span> <span class="identifier">argument_type</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">Traits</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">result_type</span> <span class="identifier">result_type</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="identifier">result_type</span> <span class="identifier">convert</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">argument_type</span> <span class="identifier">s</span> <span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="identifier">result_type</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">argument_type</span> <span class="identifier">s</span> <span class="special">)</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="comment">// Internal member functions:</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="identifier">range_check_result</span> <span class="identifier">out_of_range</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">argument_type</span> <span class="identifier">s</span> <span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="identifier">validate_range</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">argument_type</span> <span class="identifier">s</span> <span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="identifier">result_type</span> <span class="identifier">low_level_convert</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">argument_type</span> <span class="identifier">s</span> <span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="identifier">source_type</span> <span class="identifier">nearbyint</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">argument_type</span> <span class="identifier">s</span> <span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span> <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// namespace numeric, boost</span>
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">converter</span><span class="special"><></span></code>
|
||||
is a <a href="http://www.sgi.com/tech/stl/UnaryFunction.html" target="_top">Unary Function
|
||||
Object</a> encapsulating the code to perform a numeric conversion with
|
||||
the direction and properties specified by the Traits template parameter.
|
||||
It can optionally take some <a class="link" href="numeric_converter_policy_classes.html" title="Numeric Converter Policy Classes">policies</a>
|
||||
which can be used to customize its behavior. The <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Traits</span></code>
|
||||
parameter is not a policy but the parameter that defines the conversion.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section">
|
||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.converter___function_object.template_parameters"></a><a class="link" href="converter___function_object.html#boost_numericconversion.converter___function_object.template_parameters" title="Template parameters">Template
|
||||
parameters</a>
|
||||
</h3></div></div></div>
|
||||
<div class="informaltable"><table class="table">
|
||||
<colgroup>
|
||||
<col>
|
||||
<col>
|
||||
</colgroup>
|
||||
<thead><tr>
|
||||
<th>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
<th>
|
||||
</th>
|
||||
</tr></thead>
|
||||
<tbody>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The <a class="link" href="definitions.html#boost_numericconversion.definitions.numeric_types" title="Numeric Types">Numeric
|
||||
Type</a> which is the <span class="emphasis"><em>Target</em></span> of the conversion.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">S</span></code>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The <a class="link" href="definitions.html#boost_numericconversion.definitions.numeric_types" title="Numeric Types">Numeric
|
||||
Type</a> which is the <span class="emphasis"><em>Source</em></span> of the conversion.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Traits</span></code>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
This must be a conversion traits class with the interface of <a class="link" href="conversion_traits___traits_class.html" title="conversion_traits<> traits class"><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">conversion_traits</span></code></a>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">OverflowHandler</span></code>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<span class="bold"><strong>Stateless Policy</strong></span> called to administrate
|
||||
the result of the range checking.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
It is a <span class="bold"><strong>Function Object</strong></span> which
|
||||
receives the result of <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">out_of_range</span><span class="special">()</span></code> and is called inside the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">validate_range</span><span class="special">()</span></code>
|
||||
static member function exposed by the converter.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Float2IntRounder</span></code>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<span class="bold"><strong>Stateless Policy</strong></span> which specifies
|
||||
the rounding mode used for float to integral conversions.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
It supplies the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">nearbyint</span><span class="special">()</span></code> static member function exposed
|
||||
by the converter.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">RawConverter</span></code>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<span class="bold"><strong>Stateless Policy</strong></span> which is used
|
||||
to perform the actual conversion.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
It supplies the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">low_level_convert</span><span class="special">()</span></code> static member function exposed
|
||||
by the converter.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">UserRangeChecker</span></code>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
<td>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<span class="emphasis"><em>Special and Optional</em></span> <span class="bold"><strong>Stateless
|
||||
Policy</strong></span> which can be used to override the internal range
|
||||
checking logic.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
If given, supplies alternative code for the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">out_of_range</span><span class="special">()</span></code> and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">validate_range</span><span class="special">()</span></code> static member functions exposed
|
||||
by the converter.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</td>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
</tbody>
|
||||
</table></div>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section">
|
||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.converter___function_object.member_functions"></a><a class="link" href="converter___function_object.html#boost_numericconversion.converter___function_object.member_functions" title="Member functions">Member
|
||||
functions</a>
|
||||
</h3></div></div></div>
|
||||
<div class="blockquote"><blockquote class="blockquote"><p>
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="identifier">result_type</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">converter</span><span class="special"><>::</span><span class="identifier">convert</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">argument_type</span> <span class="identifier">s</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">;</span> <span class="comment">// throw</span> </code>
|
||||
</p></blockquote></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
This static member function converts an rvalue of type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">source_type</span></code>
|
||||
to an rvalue of type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">target_type</span></code>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
If the conversion requires it, it performs a range checking before the conversion
|
||||
and passes the result of the check to the overflow handler policy (the default
|
||||
policy throws an exception if out-of-range is detected)
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The implementation of this function is actually built from the policies and
|
||||
is basically as follows:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="identifier">result_type</span> <span class="identifier">converter</span><span class="special"><>::</span><span class="identifier">convert</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">argument_type</span> <span class="identifier">s</span> <span class="special">)</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">validate_range</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">s</span><span class="special">);</span> <span class="comment">// Implemented by the internal range checking logic</span>
|
||||
<span class="comment">// (which also calls the OverflowHandler policy)</span>
|
||||
<span class="comment">// or externally supplied by the UserRangeChecker policy.</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="identifier">s</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">nearbyint</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">s</span><span class="special">);</span> <span class="comment">// Externally supplied by the Float2IntRounder policy.</span>
|
||||
<span class="comment">// NOTE: This is actually called only for float to int conversions.</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="identifier">low_level_convert</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">s</span><span class="special">);</span> <span class="comment">// Externally supplied by the RawConverter policy.</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">converter</span><span class="special"><>::</span><span class="keyword">operator</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="keyword">const</span></code> just calls <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">convert</span><span class="special">()</span></code>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="../images/space.png" alt="space"></span>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="blockquote"><blockquote class="blockquote"><p>
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="identifier">range_check_result</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">numeric_converter</span><span class="special"><>::</span><span class="identifier">out_of_range</span> <span class="special">(</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">argument_type</span> <span class="identifier">s</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">;</span></code>
|
||||
</p></blockquote></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
This <a class="link" href="converter___function_object.html#numeric_conversion_converter_internal">internal</a>
|
||||
static member function determines if the value <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">s</span></code>
|
||||
can be represented by the target type without overflow.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
It does not determine if the conversion is <span class="emphasis"><em>exact</em></span>; that
|
||||
is, it does not detect <span class="emphasis"><em>inexact</em></span> conversions, only <span class="emphasis"><em>out-of-range</em></span>
|
||||
conversions (see the <a class="link" href="definitions.html#boost_numericconversion.definitions.exact__correctly_rounded_and_out_of_range_representations" title="Exact, Correctly Rounded and Out-Of-Range Representations">Definitions</a>
|
||||
for further details).
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The return value is of enum type <a class="link" href="numeric_converter_policy_classes.html#boost_numericconversion.numeric_converter_policy_classes.enum_range_check_result" title="enum range_check_result"><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">range_check_result</span></code></a>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The actual code for the range checking logic is optimized for the combined
|
||||
properties of the source and target types. For example, a non-subranged conversion
|
||||
(i.e: <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">int</span></code>-><code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">float</span></code>), requires no range checking, so <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">out_of_range</span><span class="special">()</span></code>
|
||||
returns <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">cInRange</span></code> directly.
|
||||
See the following <a class="link" href="converter___function_object.html#boost_numericconversion.converter___function_object.range_checking_logic" title="Range Checking Logic">table</a>
|
||||
for more details.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
If the user supplied a <a class="link" href="numeric_converter_policy_classes.html#boost_numericconversion.numeric_converter_policy_classes.policy_userrangechecker" title="Policy UserRangeChecker">UserRangeChecker</a>
|
||||
policy, is this policy which implements this function, so the implementation
|
||||
is user defined, although it is expected to perform the same conceptual check
|
||||
and return the appropriate result.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="../images/space.png" alt="space"></span>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="blockquote"><blockquote class="blockquote"><p>
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="keyword">void</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">numeric_converter</span><span class="special"><>::</span><span class="identifier">validate_range</span> <span class="special">(</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">argument_type</span> <span class="identifier">s</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">;</span> <span class="comment">// no throw</span> </code>
|
||||
</p></blockquote></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
This <a class="link" href="converter___function_object.html#numeric_conversion_converter_internal">internal</a>
|
||||
static member function calls out_of_range(s), and passes the result to the
|
||||
<a class="link" href="numeric_converter_policy_classes.html#boost_numericconversion.numeric_converter_policy_classes.policy_overflowhandler" title="Policy OverflowHandler">OverflowHandler</a>
|
||||
policy class.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
For those Target/Source combinations which don't require range checking,
|
||||
this is an empty inline function.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
If the user supplied a <a class="link" href="numeric_converter_policy_classes.html#boost_numericconversion.numeric_converter_policy_classes.policy_userrangechecker" title="Policy UserRangeChecker">UserRangeChecker</a>
|
||||
policy, is this policy which implements this function, so the implementation
|
||||
is user defined, although it is expected to perform the same action as the
|
||||
default. In particular, it is expected to pass the result of the check to
|
||||
the overflow handler.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="../images/space.png" alt="space"></span>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="blockquote"><blockquote class="blockquote"><p>
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="identifier">result_type</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">numeric_converter</span><span class="special"><>::</span><span class="identifier">low_level_convert</span> <span class="special">(</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">argument_type</span> <span class="identifier">s</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">;</span></code>
|
||||
</p></blockquote></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
This <a class="link" href="converter___function_object.html#numeric_conversion_converter_internal">internal</a>
|
||||
static member function performs the actual conversion.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
This function is externally supplied by the <a class="link" href="numeric_converter_policy_classes.html#boost_numericconversion.numeric_converter_policy_classes.policy_rawconverter" title="Policy RawConverter">RawConverter</a>
|
||||
policy class.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="../images/space.png" alt="space"></span>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="blockquote"><blockquote class="blockquote"><p>
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="identifier">source_type</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">converter</span><span class="special"><>::</span><span class="identifier">nearbyint</span> <span class="special">(</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">argument_type</span> <span class="identifier">s</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">;</span></code>
|
||||
</p></blockquote></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
This <a class="link" href="converter___function_object.html#numeric_conversion_converter_internal">internal</a>
|
||||
static member function, which is <span class="underline">only used</span>
|
||||
for <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">float</span></code> to <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">int</span></code>
|
||||
conversions, returns an <span class="emphasis"><em>integer</em></span> value of <span class="emphasis"><em><span class="underline">floating-point type</span></em></span> according to some
|
||||
rounding direction.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
This function is externally supplied by the <a class="link" href="numeric_converter_policy_classes.html#boost_numericconversion.numeric_converter_policy_classes.policy_float2introunder" title="Policy Float2IntRounder">Float2IntRounder</a>
|
||||
policy class which encapsulates the specific rounding mode.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="../images/space.png" alt="space"></span>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<a name="numeric_conversion_converter_internal"></a><h5>
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.converter___function_object.member_functions.h0"></a>
|
||||
<span class="phrase"><a name="boost_numericconversion.converter___function_object.member_functions.internal_member_functions"></a></span><a class="link" href="converter___function_object.html#boost_numericconversion.converter___function_object.member_functions.internal_member_functions">Internal
|
||||
Member Functions</a>
|
||||
</h5>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
These static member functions build the actual conversion code used by <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">convert</span><span class="special">()</span></code>.
|
||||
The user does not have to call these if calling <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">convert</span><span class="special">()</span></code>, since <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">convert</span><span class="special">()</span></code> calls them infernally, but they can be
|
||||
called separately for specific needs.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section">
|
||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.converter___function_object.range_checking_logic"></a><a class="link" href="converter___function_object.html#boost_numericconversion.converter___function_object.range_checking_logic" title="Range Checking Logic">Range
|
||||
Checking Logic</a>
|
||||
</h3></div></div></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The following table summarizes the internal range checking logic performed
|
||||
for each combination of the properties of Source and Target.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
LowestT/HighestT denotes the highest and lowest values of the Target type,
|
||||
respectively.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">S</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">)</span></code> is short
|
||||
for <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">static_cast</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">S</span><span class="special">>(</span><span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">)</span></code> (<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">S</span></code> denotes the Source type).
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">NONE</span></code> indicates that for this
|
||||
case there is no range checking.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<pre class="programlisting"><code class="literal">
|
||||
int_to_int |--> sig_to_sig |--> subranged |--> ( s >= S(LowestT) ) && ( s <= S(HighestT) )
|
||||
| |--> not subranged |--> NONE
|
||||
|
|
||||
|--> unsig_to_unsig |--> subranged |--> ( s >= S(LowestT) ) && ( s <= S(HighestT) )
|
||||
| |--> not subranged |--> NONE
|
||||
|
|
||||
|--> sig_to_unsig |--> pos subranged |--> ( s >= S(0) ) && ( s <= S(HighestT) )
|
||||
| |--> not pos subranged |--> ( s >= S(0) )
|
||||
|
|
||||
|--> unsig_to_sig |--> subranged |--> ( s <= S(HighestT) )
|
||||
| |--> not subranged |--> NONE
|
||||
</code>
|
||||
<code class="literal">
|
||||
int_to_float |--> NONE
|
||||
</code>
|
||||
<code class="literal">
|
||||
float_to_int |--> round_to_zero |--> ( s > S(LowestT)-S(1) ) && ( s < S(HighestT)+S(1) )
|
||||
|--> round_to_even_nearest |--> ( s >= S(LowestT)-S(0.5) ) && ( s < S(HighestT)+S(0.5) )
|
||||
|--> round_to_infinity |--> ( s > S(LowestT)-S(1) ) && ( s <= S(HighestT) )
|
||||
|--> round_to_neg_infinity |--> ( s >= S(LowestT) ) && ( s < S(HighestT)+S(1) )
|
||||
</code>
|
||||
<code class="literal">
|
||||
float_to_float |--> subranged |--> ( s >= S(LowestT) ) && ( s <= S(HighestT) )
|
||||
|--> not subranged |--> NONE
|
||||
</code>
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section">
|
||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.converter___function_object.examples"></a><a class="link" href="converter___function_object.html#boost_numericconversion.converter___function_object.examples" title="Examples">Examples</a>
|
||||
</h3></div></div></div>
|
||||
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="preprocessor">#include</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">cassert</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="preprocessor">#include</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">numeric</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">conversion</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">converter</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">hpp</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">main</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">converter</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">int</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">Double2Int</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">x</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">Double2Int</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">convert</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="number">2.0</span><span class="special">);</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">assert</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">x</span> <span class="special">==</span> <span class="number">2</span> <span class="special">);</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">y</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">Double2Int</span><span class="special">()(</span><span class="number">3.14</span><span class="special">);</span> <span class="comment">// As a function object.</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">assert</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">y</span> <span class="special">==</span> <span class="number">3</span> <span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">;</span> <span class="comment">// The default rounding is trunc.</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">try</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">double</span> <span class="identifier">m</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">bounds</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">>::</span><span class="identifier">highest</span><span class="special">();</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">z</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">Double2Int</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">convert</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">m</span><span class="special">);</span> <span class="comment">// By default throws positive_overflow()</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">catch</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">positive_overflow</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="special">)</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">0</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<table xmlns:rev="http://www.cs.rpi.edu/~gregod/boost/tools/doc/revision" width="100%"><tr>
|
||||
<td align="left"></td>
|
||||
<td align="right"><div class="copyright-footer">Copyright © 2004-2007 Fernando
|
||||
Luis Cacciola Carballal<p>
|
||||
Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
|
||||
file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at <a href="http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt" target="_top">http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt</a>)
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</div></td>
|
||||
</tr></table>
|
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<hr>
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<div class="spirit-nav">
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<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=US-ASCII">
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<meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.1">
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<link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="Chapter 1. Boost.NumericConversion">
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<div class="section">
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<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.definitions"></a><a class="link" href="definitions.html" title="Definitions">Definitions</a>
|
||||
</h2></div></div></div>
|
||||
<div class="toc"><dl class="toc">
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="definitions.html#boost_numericconversion.definitions.introduction">Introduction</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="definitions.html#boost_numericconversion.definitions.types_and_values">Types
|
||||
and Values</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="definitions.html#boost_numericconversion.definitions.c___arithmetic_types">C++
|
||||
Arithmetic Types</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="definitions.html#boost_numericconversion.definitions.numeric_types">Numeric
|
||||
Types</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="definitions.html#boost_numericconversion.definitions.range_and_precision">Range
|
||||
and Precision</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="definitions.html#boost_numericconversion.definitions.exact__correctly_rounded_and_out_of_range_representations">Exact,
|
||||
Correctly Rounded and Out-Of-Range Representations</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="definitions.html#boost_numericconversion.definitions.standard__numeric__conversions">Standard
|
||||
(numeric) Conversions</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="definitions.html#boost_numericconversion.definitions.subranged_conversion_direction__subtype_and_supertype">Subranged
|
||||
Conversion Direction, Subtype and Supertype</a></span></dt>
|
||||
</dl></div>
|
||||
<div class="section">
|
||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.definitions.introduction"></a><a class="link" href="definitions.html#boost_numericconversion.definitions.introduction" title="Introduction">Introduction</a>
|
||||
</h3></div></div></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
This section provides definitions of terms used in the Numeric Conversion
|
||||
library.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="sidebar">
|
||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><p class="title"><b></b></p></div></div></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<span class="bold"><strong>Notation</strong></span> <span class="underline">underlined
|
||||
text</span> denotes terms defined in the C++ standard.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<span class="bold"><strong>bold face</strong></span> denotes terms defined here but
|
||||
not in the standard.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section">
|
||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.definitions.types_and_values"></a><a class="link" href="definitions.html#boost_numericconversion.definitions.types_and_values" title="Types and Values">Types
|
||||
and Values</a>
|
||||
</h3></div></div></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
As defined by the <span class="underline">C++ Object Model</span>
|
||||
(§1.7) the <span class="underline">storage</span> or memory on which
|
||||
a C++ program runs is a contiguous sequence of <span class="underline">bytes</span>
|
||||
where each byte is a contiguous sequence of bits.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
An <span class="underline">object</span> is a region of storage (§1.8)
|
||||
and has a type (§3.9).
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
A <span class="underline">type</span> is a discrete set of values.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
An object of type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code> has an
|
||||
<span class="underline">object representation</span> which is the
|
||||
sequence of bytes stored in the object (§3.9/4)
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
An object of type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code> has a
|
||||
<span class="underline">value representation</span> which is the set
|
||||
of bits that determine the <span class="emphasis"><em>value</em></span> of an object of that
|
||||
type (§3.9/4). For <span class="underline">POD</span> types (§3.9/10),
|
||||
this bitset is given by the object representation, but not all the bits in
|
||||
the storage need to participate in the value representation (except for character
|
||||
types): for example, some bits might be used for padding or there may be
|
||||
trap-bits.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="../images/space.png" alt="space"></span>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The <span class="bold"><strong>typed value</strong></span> that is held by an object
|
||||
is the value which is determined by its value representation.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
An <span class="bold"><strong>abstract value</strong></span> (untyped) is the conceptual
|
||||
information that is represented in a type (i.e. the number π).
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The <span class="bold"><strong>intrinsic value</strong></span> of an object is the
|
||||
binary value of the sequence of unsigned characters which form its object
|
||||
representation.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="../images/space.png" alt="space"></span>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<span class="emphasis"><em>Abstract</em></span> values can be <span class="bold"><strong>represented</strong></span>
|
||||
in a given type.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
To <span class="bold"><strong>represent</strong></span> an abstract value <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">V</span></code> in a type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code>
|
||||
is to obtain a typed value <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">v</span></code>
|
||||
which corresponds to the abstract value <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">V</span></code>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The operation is denoted using the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">rep</span><span class="special">()</span></code> operator, as in: <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">v</span><span class="special">=</span><span class="identifier">rep</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">V</span><span class="special">)</span></code>. <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">v</span></code> is the <span class="bold"><strong>representation</strong></span>
|
||||
of <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">V</span></code> in the type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
For example, the abstract value π can be represented in the type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">double</span></code> as the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">double</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">value</span> <span class="identifier">M_PI</span></code>
|
||||
and in the type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">int</span></code> as the
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">value</span>
|
||||
<span class="number">3</span></code>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="../images/space.png" alt="space"></span>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Conversely, <span class="emphasis"><em>typed values</em></span> can be <span class="bold"><strong>abstracted</strong></span>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
To <span class="bold"><strong>abstract</strong></span> a typed value <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">v</span></code> of type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code>
|
||||
is to obtain the abstract value <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">V</span></code>
|
||||
whose representation in <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code>
|
||||
is <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">v</span></code>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The operation is denoted using the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">abt</span><span class="special">()</span></code> operator, as in: <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">V</span><span class="special">=</span><span class="identifier">abt</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">v</span><span class="special">)</span></code>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">V</span></code> is the <span class="bold"><strong>abstraction</strong></span>
|
||||
of <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">v</span></code> of type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Abstraction is just an abstract operation (you can't do it); but it is defined
|
||||
nevertheless because it will be used to give the definitions in the rest
|
||||
of this document.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section">
|
||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.definitions.c___arithmetic_types"></a><a class="link" href="definitions.html#boost_numericconversion.definitions.c___arithmetic_types" title="C++ Arithmetic Types">C++
|
||||
Arithmetic Types</a>
|
||||
</h3></div></div></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The C++ language defines <span class="underline">fundamental types</span>
|
||||
(§3.9.1). The following subsets of the fundamental types are intended to
|
||||
represent <span class="emphasis"><em>numbers</em></span>:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="variablelist">
|
||||
<p class="title"><b></b></p>
|
||||
<dl class="variablelist">
|
||||
<dt><span class="term"><span class="underline">signed integer types</span> (§3.9.1/2):</span></dt>
|
||||
<dd><p>
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">{</span><span class="keyword">signed</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">char</span><span class="special">,</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">signed</span> <span class="keyword">short</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">int</span><span class="special">,</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">signed</span> <span class="keyword">int</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">signed</span> <span class="keyword">long</span> <span class="keyword">int</span><span class="special">}</span></code> Can be used to represent general integer
|
||||
numbers (both negative and positive).
|
||||
</p></dd>
|
||||
<dt><span class="term"><span class="underline">unsigned integer types</span> (§3.9.1/3):</span></dt>
|
||||
<dd><p>
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">{</span><span class="keyword">unsigned</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">char</span><span class="special">,</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="keyword">short</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">int</span><span class="special">,</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="keyword">int</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">unsigned</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">long</span> <span class="keyword">int</span><span class="special">}</span></code> Can be used to represent positive
|
||||
integer numbers with modulo-arithmetic.
|
||||
</p></dd>
|
||||
<dt><span class="term"><span class="underline">floating-point types</span> (§3.9.1/8):</span></dt>
|
||||
<dd><p>
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">{</span><span class="keyword">float</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="keyword">long</span> <span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">}</span></code>
|
||||
Can be used to represent real numbers.
|
||||
</p></dd>
|
||||
<dt><span class="term"><span class="underline">integral or integer types</span> (§3.9.1/7):</span></dt>
|
||||
<dd><p>
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">{{</span><span class="keyword">signed</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">integers</span><span class="special">},{</span><span class="keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="identifier">integers</span><span class="special">},</span> <span class="keyword">bool</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">char</span> <span class="keyword">and</span> <span class="keyword">wchar_t</span><span class="special">}</span></code>
|
||||
</p></dd>
|
||||
<dt><span class="term"><span class="underline">arithmetic types</span> (§3.9.1/8):</span></dt>
|
||||
<dd><p>
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">{{</span><span class="identifier">integer</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">types</span><span class="special">},{</span><span class="identifier">floating</span> <span class="identifier">types</span><span class="special">}}</span></code>
|
||||
</p></dd>
|
||||
</dl>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The integer types are required to have a <span class="emphasis"><em>binary</em></span> value
|
||||
representation.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Additionally, the signed/unsigned integer types of the same base type (<code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">short</span></code>, <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">int</span></code>
|
||||
or <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">long</span></code>) are required to have
|
||||
the same value representation, that is:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<pre class="programlisting"> <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">i</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="special">-</span><span class="number">3</span> <span class="special">;</span> <span class="comment">// suppose value representation is: 10011 (sign bit + 4 magnitude bits)</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">u</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">i</span> <span class="special">;</span> <span class="comment">// u is required to have the same 10011 as its value representation.</span>
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
In other words, the integer types signed/unsigned X use the same value representation
|
||||
but a different <span class="emphasis"><em>interpretation</em></span> of it; that is, their
|
||||
<span class="emphasis"><em>typed values</em></span> might differ.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Another consequence of this is that the range for signed X is always a smaller
|
||||
subset of the range of unsigned X, as required by §3.9.1/3.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="note"><table border="0" summary="Note">
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Note]" src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/note.png"></td>
|
||||
<th align="left">Note</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr><td align="left" valign="top">
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Always remember that unsigned types, unlike signed types, have modulo-arithmetic;
|
||||
that is, they do not overflow. This means that:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<span class="bold"><strong>-</strong></span> Always be extra careful when mixing
|
||||
signed/unsigned types
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<span class="bold"><strong>-</strong></span> Use unsigned types only when you need
|
||||
modulo arithmetic or very very large numbers. Don't use unsigned types
|
||||
just because you intend to deal with positive values only (you can do this
|
||||
with signed types as well).
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</td></tr>
|
||||
</table></div>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section">
|
||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.definitions.numeric_types"></a><a class="link" href="definitions.html#boost_numericconversion.definitions.numeric_types" title="Numeric Types">Numeric
|
||||
Types</a>
|
||||
</h3></div></div></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
This section introduces the following definitions intended to integrate arithmetic
|
||||
types with user-defined types which behave like numbers. Some definitions
|
||||
are purposely broad in order to include a vast variety of user-defined number
|
||||
types.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Within this library, the term <span class="emphasis"><em>number</em></span> refers to an abstract
|
||||
numeric value.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
A type is <span class="bold"><strong>numeric</strong></span> if:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; ">
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
It is an arithmetic type, or,
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
It is a user-defined type which
|
||||
<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: circle; ">
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
Represents numeric abstract values (i.e. numbers).
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
Can be converted (either implicitly or explicitly) to/from at least
|
||||
one arithmetic type.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
Has <a class="link" href="definitions.html#boost_numericconversion.definitions.range_and_precision" title="Range and Precision">range</a>
|
||||
(possibly unbounded) and <a class="link" href="definitions.html#boost_numericconversion.definitions.range_and_precision" title="Range and Precision">precision</a>
|
||||
(possibly dynamic or unlimited).
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
Provides an specialization of <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric_limits</span></code>.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
</ul></div>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
</ul></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
A numeric type is <span class="bold"><strong>signed</strong></span> if the abstract
|
||||
values it represent include negative numbers.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
A numeric type is <span class="bold"><strong>unsigned</strong></span> if the abstract
|
||||
values it represent exclude negative numbers.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
A numeric type is <span class="bold"><strong>modulo</strong></span> if it has modulo-arithmetic
|
||||
(does not overflow).
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
A numeric type is <span class="bold"><strong>integer</strong></span> if the abstract
|
||||
values it represent are whole numbers.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
A numeric type is <span class="bold"><strong>floating</strong></span> if the abstract
|
||||
values it represent are real numbers.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
An <span class="bold"><strong>arithmetic value</strong></span> is the typed value of
|
||||
an arithmetic type
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
A <span class="bold"><strong>numeric value</strong></span> is the typed value of a
|
||||
numeric type
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
These definitions simply generalize the standard notions of arithmetic types
|
||||
and values by introducing a superset called <span class="underline">numeric</span>.
|
||||
All arithmetic types and values are numeric types and values, but not vice
|
||||
versa, since user-defined numeric types are not arithmetic types.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The following examples clarify the differences between arithmetic and numeric
|
||||
types (and values):
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="comment">// A numeric type which is not an arithmetic type (is user-defined)</span>
|
||||
<span class="comment">// and which is intended to represent integer numbers (i.e., an 'integer' numeric type)</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">MyInt</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">MyInt</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="keyword">long</span> <span class="keyword">long</span> <span class="identifier">v</span> <span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">long</span> <span class="keyword">long</span> <span class="identifier">to_builtin</span><span class="special">();</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">std</span> <span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><></span> <span class="identifier">numeric_limits</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">MyInt</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="special">{</span> <span class="special">...</span> <span class="special">}</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="comment">// A 'floating' numeric type (double) which is also an arithmetic type (built-in),</span>
|
||||
<span class="comment">// with a float numeric value.</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">double</span> <span class="identifier">pi</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">M_PI</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="comment">// A 'floating' numeric type with a whole numeric value.</span>
|
||||
<span class="comment">// NOTE: numeric values are typed valued, hence, they are, for instance,</span>
|
||||
<span class="comment">// integer or floating, despite the value itself being whole or including</span>
|
||||
<span class="comment">// a fractional part.</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">double</span> <span class="identifier">two</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="number">2.0</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="comment">// An integer numeric type with an integer numeric value.</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">MyInt</span> <span class="identifier">i</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="number">1234</span><span class="special">);</span>
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section">
|
||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.definitions.range_and_precision"></a><a class="link" href="definitions.html#boost_numericconversion.definitions.range_and_precision" title="Range and Precision">Range
|
||||
and Precision</a>
|
||||
</h3></div></div></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Given a number set <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">N</span></code>, some
|
||||
of its elements are representable in a numeric type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The set of representable values of type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code>,
|
||||
or numeric set of <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code>, is a
|
||||
set of numeric values whose elements are the representation of some subset
|
||||
of <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">N</span></code>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
For example, the interval of <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">int</span></code>
|
||||
values <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">[</span><span class="identifier">INT_MIN</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="identifier">INT_MAX</span><span class="special">]</span></code> is the set of representable values of type
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">int</span></code>, i.e. the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">int</span></code> numeric set, and corresponds to the representation
|
||||
of the elements of the interval of abstract values <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">[</span><span class="identifier">abt</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">INT_MIN</span><span class="special">),</span><span class="identifier">abt</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">INT_MAX</span><span class="special">)]</span></code>
|
||||
from the integer numbers.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Similarly, the interval of <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">double</span></code>
|
||||
values <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">[-</span><span class="identifier">DBL_MAX</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="identifier">DBL_MAX</span><span class="special">]</span></code> is the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">double</span></code>
|
||||
numeric set, which corresponds to the subset of the real numbers from <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">abt</span><span class="special">(-</span><span class="identifier">DBL_MAX</span><span class="special">)</span></code> to <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">abt</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">DBL_MAX</span><span class="special">)</span></code>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="../images/space.png" alt="space"></span>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Let <span class="bold"><strong><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">next</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">x</span><span class="special">)</span></code></strong></span>
|
||||
denote the lowest numeric value greater than x.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Let <span class="bold"><strong><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">prev</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">x</span><span class="special">)</span></code></strong></span>
|
||||
denote the highest numeric value lower then x.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Let <span class="bold"><strong><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">v</span><span class="special">=</span><span class="identifier">prev</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">next</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">V</span><span class="special">))</span></code></strong></span> and <span class="bold"><strong><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">v</span><span class="special">=</span><span class="identifier">next</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">prev</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">V</span><span class="special">))</span></code></strong></span>
|
||||
be identities that relate a numeric typed value <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">v</span></code>
|
||||
with a number <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">V</span></code>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
An ordered pair of numeric values <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">x</span></code>,<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">y</span></code> s.t. <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">x</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">y</span></code> are
|
||||
<span class="bold"><strong>consecutive</strong></span> iff <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">next</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">x</span><span class="special">)==</span><span class="identifier">y</span></code>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The abstract distance between consecutive numeric values is usually referred
|
||||
to as a <span class="underline">Unit in the Last Place</span>, or
|
||||
<span class="bold"><strong>ulp</strong></span> for short. A ulp is a quantity whose
|
||||
abstract magnitude is relative to the numeric values it corresponds to: If
|
||||
the numeric set is not evenly distributed, that is, if the abstract distance
|
||||
between consecutive numeric values varies along the set -as is the case with
|
||||
the floating-point types-, the magnitude of 1ulp after the numeric value
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">x</span></code> might be (usually is) different
|
||||
from the magnitude of a 1ulp after the numeric value y for <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">x</span><span class="special">!=</span><span class="identifier">y</span></code>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Since numbers are inherently ordered, a <span class="bold"><strong>numeric set</strong></span>
|
||||
of type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code> is an ordered sequence
|
||||
of numeric values (of type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code>)
|
||||
of the form:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="identifier">REP</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">)={</span><span class="identifier">l</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="identifier">next</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">l</span><span class="special">),</span><span class="identifier">next</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">next</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">l</span><span class="special">)),...,</span><span class="identifier">prev</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">prev</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">h</span><span class="special">)),</span><span class="identifier">prev</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">h</span><span class="special">),</span><span class="identifier">h</span><span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
where <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">l</span></code> and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">h</span></code> are respectively the lowest and highest
|
||||
values of type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code>, called
|
||||
the boundary values of type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="../images/space.png" alt="space"></span>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
A numeric set is discrete. It has a <span class="bold"><strong>size</strong></span>
|
||||
which is the number of numeric values in the set, a <span class="bold"><strong>width</strong></span>
|
||||
which is the abstract difference between the highest and lowest boundary
|
||||
values: <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">[</span><span class="identifier">abt</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">h</span><span class="special">)-</span><span class="identifier">abt</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">l</span><span class="special">)]</span></code>, and a <span class="bold"><strong>density</strong></span>
|
||||
which is the relation between its size and width: <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">density</span><span class="special">=</span><span class="identifier">size</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">width</span></code>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The integer types have density 1, which means that there are no unrepresentable
|
||||
integer numbers between <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">abt</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">l</span><span class="special">)</span></code>
|
||||
and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">abt</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">h</span><span class="special">)</span></code> (i.e.
|
||||
there are no gaps). On the other hand, floating types have density much smaller
|
||||
than 1, which means that there are real numbers unrepresented between consecutive
|
||||
floating values (i.e. there are gaps).
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="../images/space.png" alt="space"></span>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The interval of <span class="underline">abstract values</span> <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">[</span><span class="identifier">abt</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">l</span><span class="special">),</span><span class="identifier">abt</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">h</span><span class="special">)]</span></code>
|
||||
is the range of the type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code>,
|
||||
denoted <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">R</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">)</span></code>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
A range is a set of abstract values and not a set of numeric values. In other
|
||||
documents, such as the C++ standard, the word <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">range</span></code>
|
||||
is <span class="emphasis"><em>sometimes</em></span> used as synonym for <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">numeric</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">set</span></code>, that is, as the ordered sequence
|
||||
of numeric values from <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">l</span></code>
|
||||
to <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">h</span></code>. In this document, however,
|
||||
a range is an abstract interval which subtends the numeric set.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
For example, the sequence <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">[-</span><span class="identifier">DBL_MAX</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="identifier">DBL_MAX</span><span class="special">]</span></code>
|
||||
is the numeric set of the type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">double</span></code>,
|
||||
and the real interval <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">[</span><span class="identifier">abt</span><span class="special">(-</span><span class="identifier">DBL_MAX</span><span class="special">),</span><span class="identifier">abt</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">DBL_MAX</span><span class="special">)]</span></code>
|
||||
is its range.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Notice, for instance, that the range of a floating-point type is <span class="emphasis"><em>continuous</em></span>
|
||||
unlike its numeric set.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
This definition was chosen because:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; ">
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
<span class="bold"><strong>(a)</strong></span> The discrete set of numeric values
|
||||
is already given by the numeric set.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
<span class="bold"><strong>(b)</strong></span> Abstract intervals are easier to
|
||||
compare and overlap since only boundary values need to be considered.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
</ul></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
This definition allows for a concise definition of <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">subranged</span></code>
|
||||
as given in the last section.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The width of a numeric set, as defined, is exactly equivalent to the width
|
||||
of a range.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<span class="inlinemediaobject"><img src="../images/space.png" alt="space"></span>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The <span class="bold"><strong>precision</strong></span> of a type is given by the
|
||||
width or density of the numeric set.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
For integer types, which have density 1, the precision is conceptually equivalent
|
||||
to the range and is determined by the number of bits used in the value representation:
|
||||
The higher the number of bits the bigger the size of the numeric set, the
|
||||
wider the range, and the higher the precision.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
For floating types, which have density <<1, the precision is given
|
||||
not by the width of the range but by the density. In a typical implementation,
|
||||
the range is determined by the number of bits used in the exponent, and the
|
||||
precision by the number of bits used in the mantissa (giving the maximum
|
||||
number of significant digits that can be exactly represented). The higher
|
||||
the number of exponent bits the wider the range, while the higher the number
|
||||
of mantissa bits, the higher the precision.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section">
|
||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.definitions.exact__correctly_rounded_and_out_of_range_representations"></a><a class="link" href="definitions.html#boost_numericconversion.definitions.exact__correctly_rounded_and_out_of_range_representations" title="Exact, Correctly Rounded and Out-Of-Range Representations">Exact,
|
||||
Correctly Rounded and Out-Of-Range Representations</a>
|
||||
</h3></div></div></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Given an abstract value <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">V</span></code>
|
||||
and a type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code> with its corresponding
|
||||
range <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">[</span><span class="identifier">abt</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">l</span><span class="special">),</span><span class="identifier">abt</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">h</span><span class="special">)]</span></code>:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
If <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">V</span> <span class="special"><</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">abt</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">l</span><span class="special">)</span></code> or
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">V</span> <span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">abt</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">h</span><span class="special">)</span></code>, <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">V</span></code> is <span class="bold"><strong>not representable</strong></span>
|
||||
(cannot be represented) in the type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code>,
|
||||
or, equivalently, it's representation in the type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code>
|
||||
is <span class="bold"><strong>out of range</strong></span>, or <span class="bold"><strong>overflows</strong></span>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; ">
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
If <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">V</span> <span class="special"><</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">abt</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">l</span><span class="special">)</span></code>,
|
||||
the <span class="bold"><strong>overflow is negative</strong></span>.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
If <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">V</span> <span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">abt</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">h</span><span class="special">)</span></code>,
|
||||
the <span class="bold"><strong>overflow is positive</strong></span>.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
</ul></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
If <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">V</span> <span class="special">>=</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">abt</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">l</span><span class="special">)</span></code> and
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">V</span> <span class="special"><=</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">abt</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">h</span><span class="special">)</span></code>, <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">V</span></code> is <span class="bold"><strong>representable</strong></span>
|
||||
(can be represented) in the type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code>,
|
||||
or, equivalently, its representation in the type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code>
|
||||
is <span class="bold"><strong>in range</strong></span>, or <span class="bold"><strong>does
|
||||
not overflow</strong></span>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Notice that a numeric type, such as a C++ unsigned type, can define that
|
||||
any <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">V</span></code> does not overflow by
|
||||
always representing not <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">V</span></code>
|
||||
itself but the abstract value <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">U</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">=</span> <span class="special">[</span> <span class="identifier">V</span> <span class="special">%</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">abt</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">h</span><span class="special">)+</span><span class="number">1</span><span class="special">)</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">]</span></code>, which is always in range.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Given an abstract value <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">V</span></code>
|
||||
represented in the type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code>
|
||||
as <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">v</span></code>, the <span class="bold"><strong>roundoff</strong></span>
|
||||
error of the representation is the abstract difference: <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">abt</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">v</span><span class="special">)-</span><span class="identifier">V</span><span class="special">)</span></code>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Notice that a representation is an <span class="emphasis"><em>operation</em></span>, hence,
|
||||
the roundoff error corresponds to the representation operation and not to
|
||||
the numeric value itself (i.e. numeric values do not have any error themselves)
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; ">
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
If the roundoff is 0, the representation is <span class="bold"><strong>exact</strong></span>,
|
||||
and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">V</span></code> is exactly representable
|
||||
in the type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code>.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
If the roundoff is not 0, the representation is <span class="bold"><strong>inexact</strong></span>,
|
||||
and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">V</span></code> is inexactly representable
|
||||
in the type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code>.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
</ul></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
If a representation <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">v</span></code> in
|
||||
a type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code> -either exact or
|
||||
inexact-, is any of the adjacents of <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">V</span></code>
|
||||
in that type, that is, if <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">v</span><span class="special">==</span><span class="identifier">prev</span></code>
|
||||
or <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">v</span><span class="special">==</span><span class="identifier">next</span></code>, the representation is faithfully
|
||||
rounded. If the choice between <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">prev</span></code>
|
||||
and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">next</span></code> matches a given
|
||||
<span class="bold"><strong>rounding direction</strong></span>, it is <span class="bold"><strong>correctly
|
||||
rounded</strong></span>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
All exact representations are correctly rounded, but not all inexact representations
|
||||
are. In particular, C++ requires numeric conversions (described below) and
|
||||
the result of arithmetic operations (not covered by this document) to be
|
||||
correctly rounded, but batch operations propagate roundoff, thus final results
|
||||
are usually incorrectly rounded, that is, the numeric value <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">r</span></code> which is the computed result is neither
|
||||
of the adjacents of the abstract value <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">R</span></code>
|
||||
which is the theoretical result.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Because a correctly rounded representation is always one of adjacents of
|
||||
the abstract value being represented, the roundoff is guaranteed to be at
|
||||
most 1ulp.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The following examples summarize the given definitions. Consider:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; ">
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
A numeric type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Int</span></code> representing
|
||||
integer numbers with a <span class="emphasis"><em>numeric set</em></span>: <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">{-</span><span class="number">2</span><span class="special">,-</span><span class="number">1</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="number">0</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="number">1</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="number">2</span><span class="special">}</span></code> and
|
||||
<span class="emphasis"><em>range</em></span>: <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">[-</span><span class="number">2</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="number">2</span><span class="special">]</span></code>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
A numeric type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Cardinal</span></code>
|
||||
representing integer numbers with a <span class="emphasis"><em>numeric set</em></span>:
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">{</span><span class="number">0</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="number">1</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="number">2</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="number">3</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="number">4</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="number">5</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="number">6</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="number">7</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="number">8</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="number">9</span><span class="special">}</span></code> and <span class="emphasis"><em>range</em></span>: <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">[</span><span class="number">0</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="number">9</span><span class="special">]</span></code> (no
|
||||
modulo-arithmetic here)
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
A numeric type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Real</span></code> representing
|
||||
real numbers with a <span class="emphasis"><em>numeric set</em></span>: <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">{-</span><span class="number">2.0</span><span class="special">,-</span><span class="number">1.5</span><span class="special">,-</span><span class="number">1.0</span><span class="special">,-</span><span class="number">0.5</span><span class="special">,-</span><span class="number">0.0</span><span class="special">,+</span><span class="number">0.0</span><span class="special">,+</span><span class="number">0.5</span><span class="special">,+</span><span class="number">1.0</span><span class="special">,+</span><span class="number">1.5</span><span class="special">,+</span><span class="number">2.0</span><span class="special">}</span></code> and
|
||||
<span class="emphasis"><em>range</em></span>: <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">[-</span><span class="number">2.0</span><span class="special">,+</span><span class="number">2.0</span><span class="special">]</span></code>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
A numeric type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Whole</span></code>
|
||||
representing real numbers with a <span class="emphasis"><em>numeric set</em></span>: <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">{-</span><span class="number">2.0</span><span class="special">,-</span><span class="number">1.0</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="number">0.0</span><span class="special">,+</span><span class="number">1.0</span><span class="special">,+</span><span class="number">2.0</span><span class="special">}</span></code> and
|
||||
<span class="emphasis"><em>range</em></span>: <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">[-</span><span class="number">2.0</span><span class="special">,+</span><span class="number">2.0</span><span class="special">]</span></code>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
</ul></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
First, notice that the types <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Real</span></code>
|
||||
and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Whole</span></code> both represent
|
||||
real numbers, have the same range, but different precision.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; ">
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
The integer number <code class="computeroutput"><span class="number">1</span></code> (an
|
||||
abstract value) can be exactly represented in any of these types.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
The integer number <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">-</span><span class="number">1</span></code>
|
||||
can be exactly represented in <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Int</span></code>,
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Real</span></code> and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Whole</span></code>, but cannot be represented in
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Cardinal</span></code>, yielding negative
|
||||
overflow.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
The real number <code class="computeroutput"><span class="number">1.5</span></code> can be
|
||||
exactly represented in <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Real</span></code>,
|
||||
and inexactly represented in the other types.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
If <code class="computeroutput"><span class="number">1.5</span></code> is represented as
|
||||
either <code class="computeroutput"><span class="number">1</span></code> or <code class="computeroutput"><span class="number">2</span></code> in any of the types (except <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Real</span></code>), the representation is correctly
|
||||
rounded.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
If <code class="computeroutput"><span class="number">0.5</span></code> is represented as
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">+</span><span class="number">1.5</span></code>
|
||||
in the type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Real</span></code>, it
|
||||
is incorrectly rounded.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">(-</span><span class="number">2.0</span><span class="special">,-</span><span class="number">1.5</span><span class="special">)</span></code>
|
||||
are the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Real</span></code> adjacents
|
||||
of any real number in the interval <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">[-</span><span class="number">2.0</span><span class="special">,-</span><span class="number">1.5</span><span class="special">]</span></code>, yet there are no <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Real</span></code>
|
||||
adjacents for <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">x</span> <span class="special"><</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">-</span><span class="number">2.0</span></code>,
|
||||
nor for <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">x</span> <span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="special">+</span><span class="number">2.0</span></code>.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
</ul></div>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section">
|
||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.definitions.standard__numeric__conversions"></a><a class="link" href="definitions.html#boost_numericconversion.definitions.standard__numeric__conversions" title="Standard (numeric) Conversions">Standard
|
||||
(numeric) Conversions</a>
|
||||
</h3></div></div></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The C++ language defines <span class="underline">Standard Conversions</span>
|
||||
(§4) some of which are conversions between arithmetic types.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
These are <span class="underline">Integral promotions</span> (§4.5),
|
||||
<span class="underline">Integral conversions</span> (§4.7), <span class="underline">Floating point promotions</span> (§4.6), <span class="underline">Floating point conversions</span> (§4.8) and <span class="underline">Floating-integral conversions</span> (§4.9).
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
In the sequel, integral and floating point promotions are called <span class="bold"><strong>arithmetic promotions</strong></span>, and these plus integral, floating-point
|
||||
and floating-integral conversions are called <span class="bold"><strong>arithmetic
|
||||
conversions</strong></span> (i.e, promotions are conversions).
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Promotions, both Integral and Floating point, are <span class="emphasis"><em>value-preserving</em></span>,
|
||||
which means that the typed value is not changed with the conversion.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
In the sequel, consider a source typed value <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">s</span></code>
|
||||
of type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">S</span></code>, the source abstract
|
||||
value <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">N</span><span class="special">=</span><span class="identifier">abt</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">s</span><span class="special">)</span></code>, a destination type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code>;
|
||||
and whenever possible, a result typed value <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">t</span></code>
|
||||
of type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Integer to integer conversions are always defined:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; ">
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
If <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code> is unsigned, the
|
||||
abstract value which is effectively represented is not <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">N</span></code> but <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">M</span><span class="special">=[</span> <span class="identifier">N</span> <span class="special">%</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">abt</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">h</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">+</span> <span class="number">1</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">]</span></code>,
|
||||
where <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">h</span></code> is the highest
|
||||
unsigned typed value of type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code>.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
If <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code> is signed and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">N</span></code> is not directly representable, the
|
||||
result <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">t</span></code> is <span class="underline">implementation-defined</span>, which means that
|
||||
the C++ implementation is required to produce a value <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">t</span></code>
|
||||
even if it is totally unrelated to <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">s</span></code>.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
</ul></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Floating to Floating conversions are defined only if <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">N</span></code>
|
||||
is representable; if it is not, the conversion has <span class="underline">undefined
|
||||
behavior</span>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; ">
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
If <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">N</span></code> is exactly representable,
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">t</span></code> is required to be the
|
||||
exact representation.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
If <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">N</span></code> is inexactly representable,
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">t</span></code> is required to be one
|
||||
of the two adjacents, with an implementation-defined choice of rounding
|
||||
direction; that is, the conversion is required to be correctly rounded.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
</ul></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Floating to Integer conversions represent not <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">N</span></code>
|
||||
but <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">M</span><span class="special">=</span><span class="identifier">trunc</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">N</span><span class="special">)</span></code>, were
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">trunc</span><span class="special">()</span></code>
|
||||
is to truncate: i.e. to remove the fractional part, if any.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; "><li class="listitem">
|
||||
If <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">M</span></code> is not representable
|
||||
in <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code>, the conversion
|
||||
has <span class="underline">undefined behavior</span> (unless
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code> is <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">bool</span></code>,
|
||||
see §4.12).
|
||||
</li></ul></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Integer to Floating conversions are always defined.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; ">
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
If <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">N</span></code> is exactly representable,
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">t</span></code> is required to be the
|
||||
exact representation.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
If <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">N</span></code> is inexactly representable,
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">t</span></code> is required to be one
|
||||
of the two adjacents, with an implementation-defined choice of rounding
|
||||
direction; that is, the conversion is required to be correctly rounded.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
</ul></div>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section">
|
||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.definitions.subranged_conversion_direction__subtype_and_supertype"></a><a class="link" href="definitions.html#boost_numericconversion.definitions.subranged_conversion_direction__subtype_and_supertype" title="Subranged Conversion Direction, Subtype and Supertype">Subranged
|
||||
Conversion Direction, Subtype and Supertype</a>
|
||||
</h3></div></div></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Given a source type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">S</span></code> and
|
||||
a destination type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code>, there
|
||||
is a <span class="bold"><strong>conversion direction</strong></span> denoted: <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">S</span><span class="special">-></span><span class="identifier">T</span></code>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
For any two ranges the following <span class="emphasis"><em>range relation</em></span> can
|
||||
be defined: A range <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">X</span></code> can
|
||||
be <span class="emphasis"><em>entirely contained</em></span> in a range <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Y</span></code>,
|
||||
in which case it is said that <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">X</span></code>
|
||||
is enclosed by <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Y</span></code>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="blockquote"><blockquote class="blockquote"><p>
|
||||
<span class="bold"><strong>Formally:</strong></span> <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">R</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">S</span><span class="special">)</span></code>
|
||||
is enclosed by <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">R</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">)</span></code> iif
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">R</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">S</span><span class="special">)</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">intersection</span> <span class="identifier">R</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">))</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">==</span> <span class="identifier">R</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">S</span><span class="special">)</span></code>.
|
||||
</p></blockquote></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
If the source type range, <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">R</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">S</span><span class="special">)</span></code>,
|
||||
is not enclosed in the target type range, <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">R</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">)</span></code>;
|
||||
that is, if <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">R</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">S</span><span class="special">)</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">R</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">))</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">!=</span> <span class="identifier">R</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">S</span><span class="special">)</span></code>,
|
||||
the conversion direction is said to be <span class="bold"><strong>subranged</strong></span>,
|
||||
which means that <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">R</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">S</span><span class="special">)</span></code> is not
|
||||
entirely contained in <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">R</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">)</span></code> and
|
||||
therefore there is some portion of the source range which falls outside the
|
||||
target range. In other words, if a conversion direction <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">S</span><span class="special">-></span><span class="identifier">T</span></code>
|
||||
is subranged, there are values in <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">S</span></code>
|
||||
which cannot be represented in <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code>
|
||||
because they are out of range. Notice that for <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">S</span><span class="special">-></span><span class="identifier">T</span></code>,
|
||||
the adjective subranged applies to <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Examples:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Given the following numeric types all representing real numbers:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; ">
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">X</span></code> with numeric set <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">{-</span><span class="number">2.0</span><span class="special">,-</span><span class="number">1.0</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="number">0.0</span><span class="special">,+</span><span class="number">1.0</span><span class="special">,+</span><span class="number">2.0</span><span class="special">}</span></code> and
|
||||
range <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">[-</span><span class="number">2.0</span><span class="special">,+</span><span class="number">2.0</span><span class="special">]</span></code>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Y</span></code> with numeric set <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">{-</span><span class="number">2.0</span><span class="special">,-</span><span class="number">1.5</span><span class="special">,-</span><span class="number">1.0</span><span class="special">,-</span><span class="number">0.5</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="number">0.0</span><span class="special">,+</span><span class="number">0.5</span><span class="special">,+</span><span class="number">1.0</span><span class="special">,+</span><span class="number">1.5</span><span class="special">,+</span><span class="number">2.0</span><span class="special">}</span></code> and range <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">[-</span><span class="number">2.0</span><span class="special">,+</span><span class="number">2.0</span><span class="special">]</span></code>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Z</span></code> with numeric set <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">{-</span><span class="number">1.0</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="number">0.0</span><span class="special">,+</span><span class="number">1.0</span><span class="special">}</span></code> and range <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">[-</span><span class="number">1.0</span><span class="special">,+</span><span class="number">1.0</span><span class="special">]</span></code>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
</ul></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
For:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="variablelist">
|
||||
<p class="title"><b></b></p>
|
||||
<dl class="variablelist">
|
||||
<dt><span class="term">(a) X->Y:</span></dt>
|
||||
<dd><p>
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">R</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">X</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">R</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">Y</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">==</span> <span class="identifier">R</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">X</span><span class="special">)</span></code>,
|
||||
then <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">X</span><span class="special">-></span><span class="identifier">Y</span></code> is not subranged. Thus, all values
|
||||
of type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">X</span></code> are representable
|
||||
in the type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Y</span></code>.
|
||||
</p></dd>
|
||||
<dt><span class="term">(b) Y->X:</span></dt>
|
||||
<dd><p>
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">R</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">Y</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">R</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">X</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">==</span> <span class="identifier">R</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">Y</span><span class="special">)</span></code>,
|
||||
then <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Y</span><span class="special">-></span><span class="identifier">X</span></code> is not subranged. Thus, all values
|
||||
of type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Y</span></code> are representable
|
||||
in the type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">X</span></code>, but
|
||||
in this case, some values are <span class="emphasis"><em>inexactly</em></span> representable
|
||||
(all the halves). (note: it is to permit this case that a range is
|
||||
an interval of abstract values and not an interval of typed values)
|
||||
</p></dd>
|
||||
<dt><span class="term">(b) X->Z:</span></dt>
|
||||
<dd><p>
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">R</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">X</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">R</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">Z</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">!=</span> <span class="identifier">R</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">X</span><span class="special">)</span></code>,
|
||||
then <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">X</span><span class="special">-></span><span class="identifier">Z</span></code> is subranged. Thus, some values
|
||||
of type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">X</span></code> are not representable
|
||||
in the type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Z</span></code>, they
|
||||
fall out of range <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">(-</span><span class="number">2.0</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">and</span> <span class="special">+</span><span class="number">2.0</span><span class="special">)</span></code>.
|
||||
</p></dd>
|
||||
</dl>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
It is possible that <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">R</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">S</span><span class="special">)</span></code> is not
|
||||
enclosed by <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">R</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">)</span></code>, while
|
||||
neither is <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">R</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">)</span></code> enclosed
|
||||
by <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">R</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">S</span><span class="special">)</span></code>; for
|
||||
example, <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">UNSIG</span><span class="special">=[</span><span class="number">0</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="number">255</span><span class="special">]</span></code> is not enclosed by <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">SIG</span><span class="special">=[-</span><span class="number">128</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="number">127</span><span class="special">]</span></code>; neither
|
||||
is <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">SIG</span></code> enclosed by <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">UNSIG</span></code>. This implies that is possible that
|
||||
a conversion direction is subranged both ways. This occurs when a mixture
|
||||
of signed/unsigned types are involved and indicates that in both directions
|
||||
there are values which can fall out of range.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Given the range relation (subranged or not) of a conversion direction <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">S</span><span class="special">-></span><span class="identifier">T</span></code>, it is possible to classify <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">S</span></code> and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code>
|
||||
as <span class="bold"><strong>supertype</strong></span> and <span class="bold"><strong>subtype</strong></span>:
|
||||
If the conversion is subranged, which means that <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code>
|
||||
cannot represent all possible values of type <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">S</span></code>,
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">S</span></code> is the supertype and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code> the subtype; otherwise, <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span></code> is the supertype and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">S</span></code>
|
||||
the subtype.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
For example:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="blockquote"><blockquote class="blockquote"><p>
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">R</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">float</span><span class="special">)=[-</span><span class="identifier">FLT_MAX</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="identifier">FLT_MAX</span><span class="special">]</span></code>
|
||||
and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">R</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">)=[-</span><span class="identifier">DBL_MAX</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="identifier">DBL_MAX</span><span class="special">]</span></code>
|
||||
</p></blockquote></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
If <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">FLT_MAX</span> <span class="special"><</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">DBL_MAX</span></code>:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; ">
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">-></span><span class="keyword">float</span></code> is subranged and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">supertype</span><span class="special">=</span><span class="keyword">double</span></code>,
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">subtype</span><span class="special">=</span><span class="keyword">float</span></code>.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">float</span><span class="special">-></span><span class="keyword">double</span></code> is not subranged and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">supertype</span><span class="special">=</span><span class="keyword">double</span></code>, <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">subtype</span><span class="special">=</span><span class="keyword">float</span></code>.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
</ul></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Notice that while <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">-></span><span class="keyword">float</span></code> is subranged, <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">float</span><span class="special">-></span><span class="keyword">double</span></code>
|
||||
is not, which yields the same supertype,subtype for both directions.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Now consider:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="blockquote"><blockquote class="blockquote"><p>
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">R</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">int</span><span class="special">)=[</span><span class="identifier">INT_MIN</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="identifier">INT_MAX</span><span class="special">]</span></code> and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">R</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="keyword">int</span><span class="special">)=[</span><span class="number">0</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="identifier">UINT_MAX</span><span class="special">]</span></code>
|
||||
</p></blockquote></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
A C++ implementation is required to have <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">UINT_MAX</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">INT_MAX</span></code>
|
||||
(§3.9/3), so:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; ">
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
'int->unsigned' is subranged (negative values fall out of range) and
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">supertype</span><span class="special">=</span><span class="keyword">int</span></code>, <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">subtype</span><span class="special">=</span><span class="keyword">unsigned</span></code>.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
'unsigned->int' is <span class="emphasis"><em>also</em></span> subranged (high positive
|
||||
values fall out of range) and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">supertype</span><span class="special">=</span><span class="keyword">unsigned</span></code>,
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">subtype</span><span class="special">=</span><span class="keyword">int</span></code>.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
</ul></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
In this case, the conversion is subranged in both directions and the supertype,subtype
|
||||
pairs are not invariant (under inversion of direction). This indicates that
|
||||
none of the types can represent all the values of the other.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
When the supertype is the same for both <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">S</span><span class="special">-></span><span class="identifier">T</span></code>
|
||||
and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">-></span><span class="identifier">S</span></code>, it is effectively indicating a type
|
||||
which can represent all the values of the subtype. Consequently, if a conversion
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">X</span><span class="special">-></span><span class="identifier">Y</span></code> is not subranged, but the opposite <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">Y</span><span class="special">-></span><span class="identifier">X</span><span class="special">)</span></code> is,
|
||||
so that the supertype is always <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Y</span></code>,
|
||||
it is said that the direction <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">X</span><span class="special">-></span><span class="identifier">Y</span></code>
|
||||
is <span class="bold"><strong>correctly rounded value preserving</strong></span>, meaning
|
||||
that all such conversions are guaranteed to produce results in range and
|
||||
correctly rounded (even if inexact). For example, all integer to floating
|
||||
conversions are correctly rounded value preserving.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<table xmlns:rev="http://www.cs.rpi.edu/~gregod/boost/tools/doc/revision" width="100%"><tr>
|
||||
<td align="left"></td>
|
||||
<td align="right"><div class="copyright-footer">Copyright © 2004-2007 Fernando
|
||||
Luis Cacciola Carballal<p>
|
||||
Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
|
||||
file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at <a href="http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt" target="_top">http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt</a>)
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</div></td>
|
||||
</tr></table>
|
||||
<hr>
|
||||
<div class="spirit-nav">
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<div class="section">
|
||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.improved_numeric_cast__"></a><a class="link" href="improved_numeric_cast__.html" title="Improved numeric_cast<>">Improved
|
||||
numeric_cast<></a>
|
||||
</h2></div></div></div>
|
||||
<div class="toc"><dl class="toc">
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="improved_numeric_cast__.html#boost_numericconversion.improved_numeric_cast__.introduction">Introduction</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="improved_numeric_cast__.html#boost_numericconversion.improved_numeric_cast__.numeric_cast">numeric_cast</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="improved_numeric_cast__.html#boost_numericconversion.improved_numeric_cast__.numeric_cast_traits">numeric_cast_traits</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="improved_numeric_cast__.html#boost_numericconversion.improved_numeric_cast__.examples">Examples</a></span></dt>
|
||||
</dl></div>
|
||||
<div class="section">
|
||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.improved_numeric_cast__.introduction"></a><a class="link" href="improved_numeric_cast__.html#boost_numericconversion.improved_numeric_cast__.introduction" title="Introduction">Introduction</a>
|
||||
</h3></div></div></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The lack of preservation of range makes conversions between numeric types
|
||||
error prone. This is true for both implicit conversions and explicit conversions
|
||||
(through <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">static_cast</span></code>). <a class="link" href="improved_numeric_cast__.html#boost_numericconversion.improved_numeric_cast__.numeric_cast" title="numeric_cast"><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">numeric_cast</span></code></a> detects loss of range
|
||||
when a numeric type is converted, and throws an exception if the range cannot
|
||||
be preserved.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
There are several situations where conversions are unsafe:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; ">
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
Conversions from an integral type with a wider range than the target
|
||||
integral type.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
Conversions from unsigned to signed (and vice versa) integral types.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
Conversions from floating point types to integral types.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
</ul></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The C++ Standard does not specify the behavior when a numeric type is assigned
|
||||
a value that cannot be represented by the type, except for unsigned integral
|
||||
types [3.9.1.4], which must obey the laws of arithmetic modulo 2n (this implies
|
||||
that the result will be reduced modulo the number that is one greater than
|
||||
the largest value that can be represented). The fact that the behavior for
|
||||
overflow is undefined for all conversions (except the aforementioned unsigned
|
||||
to unsigned) makes any code that may produce positive or negative overflows
|
||||
exposed to portability issues.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
By default <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">numeric_cast</span></code> adheres
|
||||
to the rules for implicit conversions mandated by the C++ Standard, such
|
||||
as truncating floating point types when converting to integral types. The
|
||||
implementation must guarantee that for a conversion to a type that can hold
|
||||
all possible values of the source type, there will be no runtime overhead.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section">
|
||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.improved_numeric_cast__.numeric_cast"></a><a class="link" href="improved_numeric_cast__.html#boost_numericconversion.improved_numeric_cast__.numeric_cast" title="numeric_cast">numeric_cast</a>
|
||||
</h3></div></div></div>
|
||||
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">Target</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">Source</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="keyword">inline</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">Target</span> <span class="identifier">numeric_cast</span><span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">Source</span> <span class="identifier">arg</span> <span class="special">)</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">conversion_traits</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">Target</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">Source</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">conv_traits</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">numeric_cast_traits</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">Target</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">Source</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">cast_traits</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">converter</span>
|
||||
<span class="special"><</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">Target</span><span class="special">,</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">Source</span><span class="special">,</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">conv_traits</span><span class="special">,</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">cast_traits</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">overflow_policy</span><span class="special">,</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">cast_traits</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">rounding_policy</span><span class="special">,</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">raw_converter</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">conv_traits</span><span class="special">>,</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">cast_traits</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">range_checking_policy</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">converter</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="identifier">converter</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">convert</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">arg</span><span class="special">);</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">numeric_cast</span></code> returns the
|
||||
result of converting a value of type Source to a value of type Target. If
|
||||
out-of-range is detected, an overflow policy is executed whose default behavior
|
||||
is to throw an an exception (see <a class="link" href="numeric_converter_policy_classes.html#numeric_conversion_bad_numeric_cast">bad_numeric_cast</a>,
|
||||
<a class="link" href="numeric_converter_policy_classes.html#numeric_conversion_negative_overflow">negative_overflow</a>
|
||||
and <a class="link" href="numeric_converter_policy_classes.html#numeric_conversion_possitive_overflow">positive_overflow</a>
|
||||
).
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section">
|
||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.improved_numeric_cast__.numeric_cast_traits"></a><a class="link" href="improved_numeric_cast__.html#boost_numericconversion.improved_numeric_cast__.numeric_cast_traits" title="numeric_cast_traits">numeric_cast_traits</a>
|
||||
</h3></div></div></div>
|
||||
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">Target</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">Source</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">EnableIf</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="keyword">void</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">numeric_cast_traits</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">def_overflow_handler</span> <span class="identifier">overflow_policy</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">UseInternalRangeChecker</span> <span class="identifier">range_checking_policy</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">Trunc</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">Source</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">rounding_policy</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">};</span>
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The behavior of <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">numeric_cast</span></code>
|
||||
may be tailored for custom numeric types through the specialization of <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">numeric_cast_traits</span></code>. (see <a class="link" href="type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.html" title="Type Requirements and User-defined-types support">User
|
||||
Defined Types</a> for details. )
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section">
|
||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.improved_numeric_cast__.examples"></a><a class="link" href="improved_numeric_cast__.html#boost_numericconversion.improved_numeric_cast__.examples" title="Examples">Examples</a>
|
||||
</h3></div></div></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The following example performs some typical conversions between numeric types:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1">
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
include <boost/numeric/conversion/cast.hpp>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
include <iostream>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
</ol></div>
|
||||
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">main</span><span class="special">()</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">using</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric_cast</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">using</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">bad_numeric_cast</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">using</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">positive_overflow</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">using</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">negative_overflow</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">try</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">i</span><span class="special">=</span><span class="number">42</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">short</span> <span class="identifier">s</span><span class="special">=</span><span class="identifier">numeric_cast</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">short</span><span class="special">>(</span><span class="identifier">i</span><span class="special">);</span> <span class="comment">// This conversion succeeds (is in range)</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">catch</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">negative_overflow</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">e</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="identifier">e</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">what</span><span class="special">();</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">catch</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">positive_overflow</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">e</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="identifier">e</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">what</span><span class="special">();</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">try</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">float</span> <span class="identifier">f</span><span class="special">=-</span><span class="number">42.1234</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="comment">// This will cause a boost::numeric::negative_overflow exception to be thrown</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="keyword">int</span> <span class="identifier">i</span><span class="special">=</span><span class="identifier">numeric_cast</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="keyword">int</span><span class="special">>(</span><span class="identifier">f</span><span class="special">);</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">catch</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">bad_numeric_cast</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">e</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="identifier">e</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">what</span><span class="special">();</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">double</span> <span class="identifier">d</span><span class="special">=</span> <span class="identifier">f</span> <span class="special">+</span> <span class="identifier">numeric_cast</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">>(</span><span class="number">123</span><span class="special">);</span> <span class="comment">// int -> double</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="keyword">long</span> <span class="identifier">l</span><span class="special">=</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric_limits</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="keyword">long</span><span class="special">>::</span><span class="identifier">max</span><span class="special">();</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">try</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="comment">// This will cause a boost::numeric::positive_overflow exception to be thrown</span>
|
||||
<span class="comment">// NOTE: *operations* on unsigned integral types cannot cause overflow</span>
|
||||
<span class="comment">// but *conversions* to a signed type ARE range checked by numeric_cast.</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="keyword">char</span> <span class="identifier">c</span><span class="special">=</span><span class="identifier">numeric_cast</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="keyword">char</span><span class="special">>(</span><span class="identifier">l</span><span class="special">);</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">catch</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">positive_overflow</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">e</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">cout</span> <span class="special"><<</span> <span class="identifier">e</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">what</span><span class="special">();</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="number">0</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<table xmlns:rev="http://www.cs.rpi.edu/~gregod/boost/tools/doc/revision" width="100%"><tr>
|
||||
<td align="left"></td>
|
||||
<td align="right"><div class="copyright-footer">Copyright © 2004-2007 Fernando
|
||||
Luis Cacciola Carballal<p>
|
||||
Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
|
||||
file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at <a href="http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt" target="_top">http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt</a>)
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</div></td>
|
||||
</tr></table>
|
||||
<hr>
|
||||
<div class="spirit-nav">
|
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<a accesskey="p" href="numeric_converter_policy_classes.html"><img src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/prev.png" alt="Prev"></a><a accesskey="u" href="../index.html"><img src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/up.png" alt="Up"></a><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html"><img src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/home.png" alt="Home"></a><a accesskey="n" href="../numeric_conversion/history_and_acknowledgments.html"><img src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/next.png" alt="Next"></a>
|
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|
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|
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</html>
|
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+395
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||||
<html>
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=US-ASCII">
|
||||
<title>Numeric Converter Policy Classes</title>
|
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<link rel="stylesheet" href="../boostbook.css" type="text/css">
|
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<meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.1">
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<link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="Chapter 1. Boost.NumericConversion">
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<link rel="up" href="../index.html" title="Chapter 1. Boost.NumericConversion">
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<link rel="prev" href="conversion_traits___traits_class.html" title="conversion_traits<> traits class">
|
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<link rel="next" href="improved_numeric_cast__.html" title="Improved numeric_cast<>">
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<table cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr>
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<td align="center"><a href="../../../../../../libs/libraries.htm">Libraries</a></td>
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<td align="center"><a href="http://www.boost.org/users/people.html">People</a></td>
|
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<td align="center"><a href="http://www.boost.org/users/faq.html">FAQ</a></td>
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<td align="center"><a href="../../../../../../more/index.htm">More</a></td>
|
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|
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<div class="spirit-nav">
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<a accesskey="p" href="conversion_traits___traits_class.html"><img src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/prev.png" alt="Prev"></a><a accesskey="u" href="../index.html"><img src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/up.png" alt="Up"></a><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html"><img src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/home.png" alt="Home"></a><a accesskey="n" href="improved_numeric_cast__.html"><img src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/next.png" alt="Next"></a>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section">
|
||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.numeric_converter_policy_classes"></a><a class="link" href="numeric_converter_policy_classes.html" title="Numeric Converter Policy Classes">Numeric
|
||||
Converter Policy Classes</a>
|
||||
</h2></div></div></div>
|
||||
<div class="toc"><dl class="toc">
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="numeric_converter_policy_classes.html#boost_numericconversion.numeric_converter_policy_classes.enum_range_check_result">enum
|
||||
range_check_result</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="numeric_converter_policy_classes.html#boost_numericconversion.numeric_converter_policy_classes.policy_overflowhandler">Policy
|
||||
OverflowHandler</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="numeric_converter_policy_classes.html#boost_numericconversion.numeric_converter_policy_classes.policy_float2introunder">Policy
|
||||
Float2IntRounder</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="numeric_converter_policy_classes.html#boost_numericconversion.numeric_converter_policy_classes.policy_rawconverter">Policy
|
||||
RawConverter</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="numeric_converter_policy_classes.html#boost_numericconversion.numeric_converter_policy_classes.policy_userrangechecker">Policy
|
||||
UserRangeChecker</a></span></dt>
|
||||
</dl></div>
|
||||
<div class="section">
|
||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.numeric_converter_policy_classes.enum_range_check_result"></a><a class="link" href="numeric_converter_policy_classes.html#boost_numericconversion.numeric_converter_policy_classes.enum_range_check_result" title="enum range_check_result">enum
|
||||
range_check_result</a>
|
||||
</h3></div></div></div>
|
||||
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span> <span class="special">{</span> <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">numeric</span> <span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">enum</span> <span class="identifier">range_check_result</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">cInRange</span> <span class="special">,</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">cNegOverflow</span> <span class="special">,</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">cPosOverflow</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span> <span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Defines the values returned by <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">converter</span><span class="special"><>::</span><span class="identifier">out_of_range</span><span class="special">()</span></code>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section">
|
||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.numeric_converter_policy_classes.policy_overflowhandler"></a><a class="link" href="numeric_converter_policy_classes.html#boost_numericconversion.numeric_converter_policy_classes.policy_overflowhandler" title="Policy OverflowHandler">Policy
|
||||
OverflowHandler</a>
|
||||
</h3></div></div></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
This <span class="emphasis"><em>stateless</em></span> non-template policy class must be a
|
||||
<span class="emphasis"><em>function object</em></span> and is called to administrate the result
|
||||
of the range checking. It can throw an exception if overflow has been detected
|
||||
by the range checking as indicated by its argument. If it throws, is is recommended
|
||||
that it be <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">bad_cast</span></code> or derived.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
It must have the following interface (it does not has to be a template class):
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">YourOverflowHandlerPolicy</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">range_check_result</span> <span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">;</span> <span class="comment">// throw bad_cast or derived</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
It is called with the result of the converter's <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">out_of_range</span><span class="special">()</span></code> inside <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">validate_range</span><span class="special">()</span></code>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
These are the two overflow handler classes provided by the library:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span> <span class="special">{</span> <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">numeric</span> <span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">def_overflow_handler</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">range_check_result</span> <span class="identifier">r</span> <span class="special">)</span> <span class="comment">// throw bad_numeric_conversion derived</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">r</span> <span class="special">==</span> <span class="identifier">cNegOverflow</span> <span class="special">)</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">throw</span> <span class="identifier">negative_overflow</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">else</span> <span class="keyword">if</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">r</span> <span class="special">==</span> <span class="identifier">cPosOverflow</span> <span class="special">)</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">throw</span> <span class="identifier">positive_overflow</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">silent_overflow_handler</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">range_check_result</span> <span class="special">)</span> <span class="comment">// no-throw</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{}</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span> <span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
And these are the Exception Classes thrown by the default overflow handler
|
||||
<a class="link" href="numeric_converter_policy_classes.html#numeric_conversion_policy_overflow_handler_important_note">(see
|
||||
IMPORTANT note)</a>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span> <span class="special">{</span> <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">numeric</span> <span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<a name="numeric_conversion_bad_numeric_cast"></a>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">bad_numeric_cast</span> <span class="special">:</span> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">bad_cast</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">public</span><span class="special">:</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">virtual</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="keyword">char</span> <span class="special">*</span><span class="identifier">what</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="comment">// throw()</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="string">"bad numeric conversion: overflow"</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="special">};</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<a name="numeric_conversion_negative_overflow"></a>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">negative_overflow</span> <span class="special">:</span> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="identifier">bad_numeric_cast</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">public</span><span class="special">:</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">virtual</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="keyword">char</span> <span class="special">*</span><span class="identifier">what</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="comment">// throw()</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="string">"bad numeric conversion: negative overflow"</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">};</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<a name="numeric_conversion_possitive_overflow"></a>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">positive_overflow</span> <span class="special">:</span> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="identifier">bad_numeric_cast</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">public</span><span class="special">:</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">virtual</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="keyword">char</span> <span class="special">*</span><span class="identifier">what</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="comment">// throw()</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="string">"bad numeric conversion: positive overflow"</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">};</span>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span> <span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
<a name="numeric_conversion_policy_overflow_handler_important_note"></a><div class="important"><table border="0" summary="Important">
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Important]" src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/important.png"></td>
|
||||
<th align="left">Important</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p>
|
||||
<span class="bold"><strong>RELEASE NOTE for 1.33</strong></span> Previous to boost
|
||||
version 1.33, the exception class <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">bad_numeric_cast</span></code>
|
||||
was named <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">bad_numeric_conversion</span></code>.
|
||||
However, in 1.33, the old function <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">numeric_cast</span><span class="special"><></span></code> from <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">cast</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">hpp</span></code>
|
||||
was completly replaced by the new <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">numeric_cast</span><span class="special"><></span></code> in <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">numeric</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">conversion</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">cast</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">hpp</span></code>
|
||||
(and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">cast</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">hpp</span></code> is including <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">numeric</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">conversion</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="identifier">cast</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">hpp</span></code>
|
||||
now). That old function which existed in boost for quite some time used
|
||||
the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">bad_numeric_cast</span></code> as
|
||||
its exception type so I decided to avoid backward compatibility problems
|
||||
by adopting it (guessing that the user base for the old code is wider than
|
||||
for the new code).
|
||||
</p></td></tr>
|
||||
</table></div>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section">
|
||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.numeric_converter_policy_classes.policy_float2introunder"></a><a class="link" href="numeric_converter_policy_classes.html#boost_numericconversion.numeric_converter_policy_classes.policy_float2introunder" title="Policy Float2IntRounder">Policy
|
||||
Float2IntRounder</a>
|
||||
</h3></div></div></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
This <span class="emphasis"><em>stateless</em></span> template policy class specifies the rounding
|
||||
mode used for <span class="underline">float to integral</span> conversions.
|
||||
It supplies the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">nearbyint</span><span class="special">()</span></code> static member function exposed by the converter,
|
||||
which means that it <span class="underline">publicly inherits from this
|
||||
policy</span>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The policy must have the following interface:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">S</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">YourFloat2IntRounderPolicy</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">S</span> <span class="identifier">source_type</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="special">{</span><span class="identifier">S</span> <span class="keyword">or</span> <span class="identifier">S</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">&}</span> <span class="identifier">argument_type</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="identifier">source_type</span> <span class="identifier">nearbyint</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">argument_type</span> <span class="identifier">s</span> <span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">{</span> <span class="special">...</span> <span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">mpl</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">integral_c</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">float_round_style</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">round_</span><span class="special">...></span> <span class="identifier">round_style</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
These are the rounder classes provided by the library (only the specific
|
||||
parts are shown, see the general policy form above)
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="note"><table border="0" summary="Note">
|
||||
<tr>
|
||||
<td rowspan="2" align="center" valign="top" width="25"><img alt="[Note]" src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/note.png"></td>
|
||||
<th align="left">Note</th>
|
||||
</tr>
|
||||
<tr><td align="left" valign="top"><p>
|
||||
These classes are not intended to be general purpose rounding functions
|
||||
but specific policies for <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">converter</span><span class="special"><></span></code>. This is why they are not function
|
||||
objects.
|
||||
</p></td></tr>
|
||||
</table></div>
|
||||
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span> <span class="special">{</span> <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">numeric</span> <span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">S</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">Trunc</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="identifier">source_type</span> <span class="identifier">nearbyint</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">argument_type</span> <span class="identifier">s</span> <span class="special">)</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">using</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">floor</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">using</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">ceil</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="identifier">s</span> <span class="special">>=</span> <span class="keyword">static_cast</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">S</span><span class="special">>(</span><span class="number">0</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">?</span> <span class="identifier">floor</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">s</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">:</span> <span class="identifier">ceil</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">s</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">mpl</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">integral_c</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">float_round_style</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">round_toward_zero</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">round_style</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">S</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">RoundEven</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="identifier">source_type</span> <span class="identifier">nearbyint</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">argument_type</span> <span class="identifier">s</span> <span class="special">)</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="identifier">impl</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">defined</span><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">value</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">mpl</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">integral_c</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">float_round_style</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">round_to_nearest</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">round_style</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">S</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">Ceil</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="identifier">source_type</span> <span class="identifier">nearbyint</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">argument_type</span> <span class="identifier">s</span> <span class="special">)</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">using</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">ceil</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="identifier">ceil</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">s</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">mpl</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">integral_c</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">float_round_style</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">round_toward_infinity</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">round_style</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">S</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">Floor</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="identifier">source_type</span> <span class="identifier">nearbyint</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">argument_type</span> <span class="identifier">s</span> <span class="special">)</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">using</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">floor</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="identifier">floor</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">s</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">mpl</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">integral_c</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">float_round_style</span><span class="special">,</span><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">round_toward_neg_infinity</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">round_style</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span> <span class="special">}</span> <span class="comment">// namespace numeric, namespace boost</span>
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
<h5>
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.numeric_converter_policy_classes.policy_float2introunder.h0"></a>
|
||||
<span class="phrase"><a name="boost_numericconversion.numeric_converter_policy_classes.policy_float2introunder.math_functions_used_by_the_rounder_policies"></a></span><a class="link" href="numeric_converter_policy_classes.html#boost_numericconversion.numeric_converter_policy_classes.policy_float2introunder.math_functions_used_by_the_rounder_policies">Math
|
||||
Functions used by the rounder policies</a>
|
||||
</h5>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The rounder policies supplied by this header use math functions <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">floor</span><span class="special">()</span></code>
|
||||
and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">ceil</span><span class="special">()</span></code>.
|
||||
The standard versions of these functions are introduced in context by a using
|
||||
directive, so in normal conditions, the standard functions will be used.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
However, if there are other visible corresponding overloads an ambiguity
|
||||
could arise. In this case, the user can supply her own rounder policy which
|
||||
could, for instance, use a fully qualified call.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
This technique allows the default rounder policies to be used directly with
|
||||
user defined types. The user only requires that suitable overloads of <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">floor</span><span class="special">()</span></code>
|
||||
and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">ceil</span><span class="special">()</span></code>
|
||||
be visible. See also <a class="link" href="type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.html" title="Type Requirements and User-defined-types support">User
|
||||
Defined Numeric Types</a> support.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section">
|
||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.numeric_converter_policy_classes.policy_rawconverter"></a><a class="link" href="numeric_converter_policy_classes.html#boost_numericconversion.numeric_converter_policy_classes.policy_rawconverter" title="Policy RawConverter">Policy
|
||||
RawConverter</a>
|
||||
</h3></div></div></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
This <span class="emphasis"><em>stateless</em></span> template policy class is used to perform
|
||||
the actual conversion from Source to Target. It supplies the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">low_level_convert</span><span class="special">()</span></code>
|
||||
static member function exposed by the converter, which means that it publicly
|
||||
inherits from this policy.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The policy must have the following interface:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">Traits</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">YourRawConverterPolicy</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">Traits</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">result_type</span> <span class="identifier">result_type</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">Traits</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">argument_type</span> <span class="identifier">argument_type</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="identifier">result_type</span> <span class="identifier">low_level_convert</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">argument_type</span> <span class="identifier">s</span> <span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">{</span> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">impl</span> <span class="identifier">defined</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="special">;</span> <span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
This policy is mostly provided as a hook for user defined types which don't
|
||||
support <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">static_cast</span><span class="special"><></span></code>
|
||||
conversions to some types
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
This is the only raw converter policy class provided by the library:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span> <span class="special">{</span> <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">numeric</span> <span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">Traits</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">raw_numeric_converter</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">Traits</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">result_type</span> <span class="identifier">result_type</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">Traits</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">argument_type</span> <span class="identifier">argument_type</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="identifier">result_type</span> <span class="identifier">low_level_convert</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">argument_type</span> <span class="identifier">s</span> <span class="special">)</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="keyword">static_cast</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">result_type</span><span class="special">>(</span><span class="identifier">s</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span> <span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section">
|
||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.numeric_converter_policy_classes.policy_userrangechecker"></a><a class="link" href="numeric_converter_policy_classes.html#boost_numericconversion.numeric_converter_policy_classes.policy_userrangechecker" title="Policy UserRangeChecker">Policy
|
||||
UserRangeChecker</a>
|
||||
</h3></div></div></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
This <span class="emphasis"><em>stateless</em></span> template policy class is used <span class="underline">only if supplied</span> to <span class="bold"><strong>override</strong></span>
|
||||
the internal range checking logic.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
It supplies the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">validate_range</span><span class="special">()</span></code> static member function exposed by the converter,
|
||||
which means that it publicly inherits from this policy.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The policy must have the following interface:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">Traits</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">YourRangeCheckerPolicy</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">Traits</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">argument_type</span> <span class="identifier">argument_type</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="comment">// Determines if the value 's' fits in the range of the Target type.</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="identifier">range_check_result</span> <span class="identifier">out_of_range</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">argument_type</span> <span class="identifier">s</span> <span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="comment">// Checks whether the value 's' is out_of_range()</span>
|
||||
<span class="comment">// and passes the result of the check to the OverflowHandler policy.</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="identifier">validate_range</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">argument_type</span> <span class="identifier">s</span> <span class="special">)</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">OverflowHandler</span><span class="special">()(</span> <span class="identifier">out_of_range</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">s</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
This policy is <span class="bold"><strong>only</strong></span> provided as a hook for
|
||||
user defined types which require range checking (which is disabled by default
|
||||
when a UDT is involved). The library provides a class: <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">UseInternalRangeChecker</span><span class="special">{}</span></code>; which is a <span class="emphasis"><em>fake</em></span>
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">RangeChecker</span></code> policy used
|
||||
to signal the converter to use its internal range checking implementation.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<table xmlns:rev="http://www.cs.rpi.edu/~gregod/boost/tools/doc/revision" width="100%"><tr>
|
||||
<td align="left"></td>
|
||||
<td align="right"><div class="copyright-footer">Copyright © 2004-2007 Fernando
|
||||
Luis Cacciola Carballal<p>
|
||||
Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
|
||||
file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at <a href="http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt" target="_top">http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt</a>)
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</div></td>
|
||||
</tr></table>
|
||||
<hr>
|
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<div class="spirit-nav">
|
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<a accesskey="p" href="conversion_traits___traits_class.html"><img src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/prev.png" alt="Prev"></a><a accesskey="u" href="../index.html"><img src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/up.png" alt="Up"></a><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html"><img src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/home.png" alt="Home"></a><a accesskey="n" href="improved_numeric_cast__.html"><img src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/next.png" alt="Next"></a>
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<meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.1">
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<link rel="home" href="../index.html" title="Chapter 1. Boost.NumericConversion">
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<div class="section">
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||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
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||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support"></a><a class="link" href="type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.html" title="Type Requirements and User-defined-types support">Type
|
||||
Requirements and User-defined-types support</a>
|
||||
</h2></div></div></div>
|
||||
<div class="toc"><dl class="toc">
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.html#boost_numericconversion.type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.type_requirements">Type
|
||||
Requirements</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.html#boost_numericconversion.type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.udt_s_special_semantics">UDT's
|
||||
special semantics</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.html#boost_numericconversion.type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.special_policies">Special
|
||||
Policies</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.html#boost_numericconversion.type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.udts_with_numeric_cast">UDTs
|
||||
with numeric_cast</a></span></dt>
|
||||
</dl></div>
|
||||
<div class="section">
|
||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.type_requirements"></a><a class="link" href="type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.html#boost_numericconversion.type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.type_requirements" title="Type Requirements">Type
|
||||
Requirements</a>
|
||||
</h3></div></div></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Both arithmetic (built-in) and user-defined numeric types require proper
|
||||
specialization of <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric_limits</span><span class="special"><></span></code>
|
||||
(that is, with (in-class) integral constants).
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The library uses <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric_limits</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">>::</span><span class="identifier">is_specialized</span></code> to detect whether the type
|
||||
is builtin or user defined, and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric_limits</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">>::</span><span class="identifier">is_integer</span></code>, <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric_limits</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">>::</span><span class="identifier">is_signed</span></code> to detect whether the type is
|
||||
integer or floating point; and whether it is signed/unsigned.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The default <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Float2IntRounder</span></code>
|
||||
policies uses unqualified calls to functions <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">floor</span><span class="special">()</span></code> and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">ceil</span><span class="special">()</span></code>; but the standard functions are introduced
|
||||
in scope by a using directive:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">using</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">floor</span> <span class="special">;</span> <span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="identifier">floor</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">s</span><span class="special">);</span>
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Therefore, for builtin arithmetic types, the std functions will be used.
|
||||
User defined types should provide overloaded versions of these functions
|
||||
in order to use the default rounder policies. If these overloads are defined
|
||||
within a user namespace argument dependent lookup (ADL) should find them,
|
||||
but if your compiler has a weak ADL you might need to put these functions
|
||||
some place else or write your own rounder policy.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The default <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Trunc</span><span class="special"><></span></code>
|
||||
rounder policy needs to determine if the source value is positive or not,
|
||||
and for this it evaluates the expression <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">s</span>
|
||||
<span class="special"><</span> <span class="keyword">static_cast</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">S</span><span class="special">>(</span><span class="number">0</span><span class="special">)</span></code>. Therefore,
|
||||
user defined types require a visible <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">operator</span><span class="special"><</span></code> in order to use the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Trunc</span><span class="special"><></span></code> policy (the default).
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section">
|
||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.udt_s_special_semantics"></a><a class="link" href="type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.html#boost_numericconversion.type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.udt_s_special_semantics" title="UDT's special semantics">UDT's
|
||||
special semantics</a>
|
||||
</h3></div></div></div>
|
||||
<h5>
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.udt_s_special_semantics.h0"></a>
|
||||
<span class="phrase"><a name="boost_numericconversion.type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.udt_s_special_semantics.conversion_traits"></a></span><a class="link" href="type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.html#boost_numericconversion.type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.udt_s_special_semantics.conversion_traits">Conversion
|
||||
Traits</a>
|
||||
</h5>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
If a User Defined Type is involved in a conversion, it is <span class="emphasis"><em>assumed</em></span>
|
||||
that the UDT has <a class="link" href="definitions.html#boost_numericconversion.definitions.range_and_precision" title="Range and Precision">wider
|
||||
range</a> than any built-in type, and consequently the values of some
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">converter_traits</span><span class="special"><></span></code>
|
||||
members are hardwired regardless of the reality. The following table summarizes
|
||||
this:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; ">
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Target</span><span class="special">=</span></code><span class="emphasis"><em>UDT</em></span>
|
||||
and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Source</span><span class="special">=</span></code><span class="emphasis"><em>built-in</em></span>
|
||||
<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: circle; ">
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">subranged</span><span class="special">=</span><span class="keyword">false</span></code>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">supertype</span><span class="special">=</span><span class="identifier">Target</span></code>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">subtype</span><span class="special">=</span><span class="identifier">Source</span></code>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
</ul></div>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Target</span><span class="special">=</span></code><span class="emphasis"><em>built-in</em></span>
|
||||
and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Source</span><span class="special">=</span></code><span class="emphasis"><em>UDT</em></span>
|
||||
<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: circle; ">
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">subranged</span><span class="special">=</span><span class="keyword">true</span></code>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">supertype</span><span class="special">=</span><span class="identifier">Source</span></code>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">subtype</span><span class="special">=</span><span class="identifier">Target</span></code>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
</ul></div>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Target</span><span class="special">=</span></code><span class="emphasis"><em>UDT</em></span>
|
||||
and <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Source</span><span class="special">=</span></code><span class="emphasis"><em>UDT</em></span>
|
||||
<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: circle; ">
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">subranged</span><span class="special">=</span><span class="keyword">false</span></code>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">supertype</span><span class="special">=</span><span class="identifier">Target</span></code>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">subtype</span><span class="special">=</span><span class="identifier">Source</span></code>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
</ul></div>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
</ul></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">Traits</span></code> member <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">udt_mixture</span></code> can be used to detect whether
|
||||
a UDT is involved and to infer the validity of the other members as shown
|
||||
above.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<h5>
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.udt_s_special_semantics.h1"></a>
|
||||
<span class="phrase"><a name="boost_numericconversion.type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.udt_s_special_semantics.range_checking"></a></span><a class="link" href="type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.html#boost_numericconversion.type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.udt_s_special_semantics.range_checking">Range
|
||||
Checking</a>
|
||||
</h5>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Because User Defined Numeric Types might have peculiar ranges (such as an
|
||||
unbounded range), this library does not attempt to supply a meaningful range
|
||||
checking logic when UDTs are involved in a conversion. Therefore, if either
|
||||
Target or Source are not built-in types, the bundled range checking of the
|
||||
<code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">converter</span><span class="special"><></span></code>
|
||||
function object is automatically disabled. However, it is possible to supply
|
||||
a user-defined range-checker. See <a class="link" href="type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.html#boost_numericconversion.type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.special_policies" title="Special Policies">Special
|
||||
Policies</a>
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section">
|
||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.special_policies"></a><a class="link" href="type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.html#boost_numericconversion.type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.special_policies" title="Special Policies">Special
|
||||
Policies</a>
|
||||
</h3></div></div></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
There are two components of the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">converter</span><span class="special"><></span></code> class that might require special
|
||||
behavior if User Defined Numeric Types are involved: the Range Checking and
|
||||
the Raw Conversion.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
When both Target and Source are built-in types, the converter class uses
|
||||
an internal range checking logic which is optimized and customized for the
|
||||
combined properties of the types.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
However, this internal logic is disabled when either type is User Defined.
|
||||
In this case, the user can specify an <span class="emphasis"><em>external</em></span> range
|
||||
checking policy which will be used in place of the internal code. See <a class="link" href="type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.html#boost_numericconversion.type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.udts_with_numeric_cast" title="UDTs with numeric_cast">numeric_cast_traits</a>
|
||||
for details on using UDTs with <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">numeric_cast</span></code>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The converter class performs the actual conversion using a Raw Converter
|
||||
policy. The default raw converter simply performs a <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">static_cast</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">Target</span><span class="special">>(</span><span class="identifier">source</span><span class="special">)</span></code>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
However, if the a UDT is involved, the <code class="computeroutput"><span class="keyword">static_cast</span></code>
|
||||
might not work. In this case, the user can implement and pass a different
|
||||
raw converter policy. See <a class="link" href="numeric_converter_policy_classes.html#boost_numericconversion.numeric_converter_policy_classes.policy_rawconverter" title="Policy RawConverter">RawConverter</a>
|
||||
policy for details.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section">
|
||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h3 class="title">
|
||||
<a name="boost_numericconversion.type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.udts_with_numeric_cast"></a><a class="link" href="type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.html#boost_numericconversion.type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.udts_with_numeric_cast" title="UDTs with numeric_cast">UDTs
|
||||
with numeric_cast</a>
|
||||
</h3></div></div></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
In order to employ UDTs with <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">numeric_cast</span></code>,
|
||||
the user should define a <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">numeric_cast_traits</span></code>
|
||||
specialization on the UDT for each conversion. Here is an example of specializations
|
||||
for converting between the UDT and any other type:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span> <span class="special">{</span> <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">numeric</span> <span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">Source</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">numeric_cast_traits</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">UDT</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">Source</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">conversion_traits</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">UDT</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">Source</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">conv_traits</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="comment">//! The following are required:</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">YourOverflowHandlerPolicy</span> <span class="identifier">overflow_policy</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">YourRangeCheckerPolicy</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">conv_traits</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">range_checking_policy</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">YourFloat2IntRounderPolicy</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">Source</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">rounding_policy</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">};</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">Target</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">numeric_cast_traits</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">Target</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">UDT</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">conversion_traits</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">Target</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">UDT</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">conv_traits</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="comment">//! The following are required:</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">YourOverflowHandlerPolicy</span> <span class="identifier">overflow_policy</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">YourRangeCheckerPolicy</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">conv_traits</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">range_checking_policy</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">YourFloat2IntRounderPolicy</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">UDT</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">rounding_policy</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">};</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}}//</span><span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
These specializations are already defined with default values for the built-in
|
||||
numeric types. It is possible to disable the generation of specializations
|
||||
for built-in types by defining <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">BOOST_NUMERIC_CONVERSION_RELAX_BUILT_IN_CAST_TRAITS</span></code>.
|
||||
For details on defining custom policies see <a class="link" href="numeric_converter_policy_classes.html" title="Numeric Converter Policy Classes">Converter
|
||||
Policies</a>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
Here is a full example of how to define a custom UDT for use with <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">numeric_cast</span></code>:
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<pre class="programlisting"><span class="comment">//! Define a simple custom number</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">:</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">ordered_field_operators</span>
|
||||
<span class="special"><</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">Double</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">ordered_field_operators2</span><span class="special"><</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">long</span> <span class="keyword">double</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">ordered_field_operators2</span><span class="special"><</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">double</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">ordered_field_operators2</span><span class="special"><</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">float</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">ordered_field_operators2</span><span class="special"><</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">int</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">ordered_field_operators2</span><span class="special"><</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="keyword">int</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">ordered_field_operators2</span><span class="special"><</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">long</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">ordered_field_operators2</span><span class="special"><</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="keyword">long</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">ordered_field_operators2</span><span class="special"><</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">long</span> <span class="keyword">long</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">ordered_field_operators2</span><span class="special"><</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="keyword">long</span> <span class="keyword">long</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">ordered_field_operators2</span><span class="special"><</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">char</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">ordered_field_operators2</span><span class="special"><</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="keyword">char</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">ordered_field_operators2</span><span class="special"><</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">short</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">ordered_field_operators2</span><span class="special"><</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">unsigned</span> <span class="keyword">short</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">></span> <span class="special">></span> <span class="special">></span> <span class="special">></span> <span class="special">></span> <span class="special">></span> <span class="special">></span> <span class="special">></span> <span class="special">></span> <span class="special">></span> <span class="special">></span> <span class="special">></span> <span class="special">></span> <span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">()</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">:</span> <span class="identifier">v</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="number">0</span><span class="special">)</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{}</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">explicit</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="identifier">v</span> <span class="special">)</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">:</span> <span class="identifier">v</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">static_cast</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">>(</span><span class="identifier">v</span><span class="special">))</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{}</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span><span class="special">=</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="identifier">t</span> <span class="special">)</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">v</span> <span class="special">=</span> <span class="keyword">static_cast</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">>(</span><span class="identifier">t</span><span class="special">);</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="special">*</span><span class="keyword">this</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">bool</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special"><</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">rhs</span> <span class="special">)</span> <span class="keyword">const</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="identifier">v</span> <span class="special"><</span> <span class="identifier">rhs</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">v</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">bool</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special"><</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="identifier">rhs</span> <span class="special">)</span> <span class="keyword">const</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="identifier">v</span> <span class="special"><</span> <span class="keyword">static_cast</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">>(</span><span class="identifier">rhs</span><span class="special">);</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">bool</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">></span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">rhs</span> <span class="special">)</span> <span class="keyword">const</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="identifier">v</span> <span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">rhs</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">v</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">bool</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">></span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="identifier">rhs</span> <span class="special">)</span> <span class="keyword">const</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="identifier">v</span> <span class="special">></span> <span class="keyword">static_cast</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">>(</span><span class="identifier">rhs</span><span class="special">);</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">bool</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">==(</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">rhs</span> <span class="special">)</span> <span class="keyword">const</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="identifier">v</span> <span class="special">==</span> <span class="identifier">rhs</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">v</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">bool</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">==</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="identifier">rhs</span> <span class="special">)</span> <span class="keyword">const</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="identifier">v</span> <span class="special">==</span> <span class="keyword">static_cast</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">>(</span><span class="identifier">rhs</span><span class="special">);</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">bool</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">!()</span> <span class="keyword">const</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="identifier">v</span> <span class="special">==</span> <span class="number">0</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="identifier">Double</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">-()</span> <span class="keyword">const</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">(-</span><span class="identifier">v</span><span class="special">);</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">+=(</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">t</span> <span class="special">)</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">v</span> <span class="special">+=</span> <span class="identifier">t</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">v</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="special">*</span><span class="keyword">this</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">+=(</span> <span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="identifier">t</span> <span class="special">)</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">v</span> <span class="special">+=</span> <span class="keyword">static_cast</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">>(</span><span class="identifier">t</span><span class="special">);</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="special">*</span><span class="keyword">this</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">-=(</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">t</span> <span class="special">)</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">v</span> <span class="special">-=</span> <span class="identifier">t</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">v</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="special">*</span><span class="keyword">this</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">-=(</span> <span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="identifier">t</span> <span class="special">)</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">v</span> <span class="special">-=</span> <span class="keyword">static_cast</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">>(</span><span class="identifier">t</span><span class="special">);</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="special">*</span><span class="keyword">this</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">*=</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">factor</span> <span class="special">)</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">v</span> <span class="special">*=</span> <span class="identifier">factor</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">v</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="special">*</span><span class="keyword">this</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">*=(</span> <span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="identifier">t</span> <span class="special">)</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">v</span> <span class="special">*=</span> <span class="keyword">static_cast</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">>(</span><span class="identifier">t</span><span class="special">);</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="special">*</span><span class="keyword">this</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">/=</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">divisor</span><span class="special">)</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">v</span> <span class="special">/=</span> <span class="identifier">divisor</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">v</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="special">*</span><span class="keyword">this</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span> <span class="special">/=(</span> <span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="identifier">t</span> <span class="special">)</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">v</span> <span class="special">/=</span> <span class="keyword">static_cast</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">>(</span><span class="identifier">t</span><span class="special">);</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="special">(*</span><span class="keyword">this</span><span class="special">);</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">double</span> <span class="identifier">v</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">};</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="comment">//! Define numeric_limits for the custom type.</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">std</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><></span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">numeric_limits</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="special">:</span> <span class="keyword">public</span> <span class="identifier">numeric_limits</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">public</span><span class="special">:</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="comment">//! Limit our Double to a range of +/- 100.0</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">min</span><span class="special">)()</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="number">1.e-2</span><span class="special">);</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span> <span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">max</span><span class="special">)()</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="number">1.e2</span><span class="special">);</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span> <span class="identifier">epsilon</span><span class="special">()</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric_limits</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">double</span><span class="special">>::</span><span class="identifier">epsilon</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="special">);</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">};</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="comment">//! Define range checking and overflow policies.</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">custom</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="comment">//! Define a custom range checker</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">Traits</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">OverFlowHandler</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">range_checker</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">Traits</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">argument_type</span> <span class="identifier">argument_type</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">Traits</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">source_type</span> <span class="identifier">S</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">Traits</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">target_type</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="comment">//! Check range of integral types.</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">range_check_result</span> <span class="identifier">out_of_range</span><span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">argument_type</span> <span class="identifier">s</span> <span class="special">)</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">using</span> <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">if</span><span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">s</span> <span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">bounds</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">>::</span><span class="identifier">highest</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="special">)</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="identifier">cPosOverflow</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">else</span> <span class="keyword">if</span><span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">s</span> <span class="special"><</span> <span class="identifier">bounds</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">>::</span><span class="identifier">lowest</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="special">)</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="identifier">cNegOverflow</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">else</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="identifier">cInRange</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="identifier">validate_range</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">argument_type</span> <span class="identifier">s</span> <span class="special">)</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">BOOST_STATIC_ASSERT</span><span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric_limits</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">>::</span><span class="identifier">is_bounded</span> <span class="special">);</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">OverFlowHandler</span><span class="special">()(</span> <span class="identifier">out_of_range</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">s</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">);</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">};</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="comment">//! Overflow handler</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">positive_overflow</span><span class="special">{};</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">negative_overflow</span><span class="special">{};</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">overflow_handler</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">void</span> <span class="keyword">operator</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">range_check_result</span> <span class="identifier">r</span> <span class="special">)</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">using</span> <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">if</span><span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">r</span> <span class="special">==</span> <span class="identifier">cNegOverflow</span> <span class="special">)</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">throw</span> <span class="identifier">negative_overflow</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">else</span> <span class="keyword">if</span><span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">r</span> <span class="special">==</span> <span class="identifier">cPosOverflow</span> <span class="special">)</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">throw</span> <span class="identifier">positive_overflow</span><span class="special">()</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">};</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="comment">//! Define a rounding policy and specialize on the custom type.</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">S</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">Ceil</span> <span class="special">:</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">Ceil</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">S</span><span class="special">>{};</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><></span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">Ceil</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span> <span class="identifier">source_type</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">argument_type</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="identifier">source_type</span> <span class="identifier">nearbyint</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">argument_type</span> <span class="identifier">s</span> <span class="special">)</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="preprocessor">#if</span> <span class="special">!</span><span class="identifier">defined</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">BOOST_NO_STDC_NAMESPACE</span><span class="special">)</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">using</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">ceil</span> <span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="preprocessor">#endif</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">ceil</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">s</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">v</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">);</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">mpl</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">integral_c</span><span class="special"><</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">float_round_style</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">round_toward_infinity</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">round_style</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">};</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="comment">//! Define a rounding policy and specialize on the custom type.</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">class</span> <span class="identifier">S</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">Trunc</span><span class="special">:</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">Trunc</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">S</span><span class="special">>{};</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><></span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">Trunc</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span> <span class="identifier">source_type</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span> <span class="keyword">const</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">argument_type</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="identifier">source_type</span> <span class="identifier">nearbyint</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">argument_type</span> <span class="identifier">s</span> <span class="special">)</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="preprocessor">#if</span> <span class="special">!</span><span class="identifier">defined</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">BOOST_NO_STDC_NAMESPACE</span><span class="special">)</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">using</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">floor</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="preprocessor">#endif</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">(</span> <span class="identifier">floor</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">s</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">v</span><span class="special">)</span> <span class="special">);</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">mpl</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">integral_c</span><span class="special"><</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">float_round_style</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">round_toward_zero</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">round_style</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">};</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}//</span><span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">custom</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span> <span class="special">{</span> <span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">numeric</span> <span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="comment">//! Define the numeric_cast_traits specializations on the custom type.</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">S</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">numeric_cast_traits</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">S</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">custom</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">overflow_handler</span> <span class="identifier">overflow_policy</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">custom</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">range_checker</span>
|
||||
<span class="special"><</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">conversion_traits</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">S</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">overflow_policy</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">range_checking_policy</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">Trunc</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">S</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">rounding_policy</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">};</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">template</span> <span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">numeric_cast_traits</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">custom</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">overflow_handler</span> <span class="identifier">overflow_policy</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">custom</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">range_checker</span>
|
||||
<span class="special"><</span>
|
||||
<span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">conversion_traits</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">overflow_policy</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">range_checking_policy</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">typedef</span> <span class="identifier">custom</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">Trunc</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">rounding_policy</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">};</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="comment">//! Define the conversion from the custom type to built-in types and vice-versa.</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">raw_converter</span><span class="special"><</span> <span class="identifier">conversion_traits</span><span class="special"><</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span> <span class="special">></span> <span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="identifier">low_level_convert</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">n</span> <span class="special">)</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="keyword">static_cast</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">>(</span> <span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">.</span><span class="identifier">v</span> <span class="special">);</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">};</span>
|
||||
|
||||
<span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">S</span><span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">struct</span> <span class="identifier">raw_converter</span><span class="special"><</span> <span class="identifier">conversion_traits</span><span class="special"><</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">S</span> <span class="special">></span> <span class="special">></span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">static</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span> <span class="identifier">low_level_convert</span> <span class="special">(</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="identifier">S</span><span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">n</span> <span class="special">)</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">{</span>
|
||||
<span class="keyword">return</span> <span class="identifier">Double</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">n</span><span class="special">);</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">};</span>
|
||||
<span class="special">}}//</span><span class="keyword">namespace</span> <span class="identifier">boost</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric</span><span class="special">;</span>
|
||||
</pre>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<table xmlns:rev="http://www.cs.rpi.edu/~gregod/boost/tools/doc/revision" width="100%"><tr>
|
||||
<td align="left"></td>
|
||||
<td align="right"><div class="copyright-footer">Copyright © 2004-2007 Fernando
|
||||
Luis Cacciola Carballal<p>
|
||||
Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
|
||||
file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at <a href="http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt" target="_top">http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt</a>)
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</div></td>
|
||||
</tr></table>
|
||||
<hr>
|
||||
<div class="spirit-nav">
|
||||
<a accesskey="p" href="converter___function_object.html"><img src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/prev.png" alt="Prev"></a><a accesskey="u" href="../index.html"><img src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/up.png" alt="Up"></a><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html"><img src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/home.png" alt="Home"></a><a accesskey="n" href="bounds___traits_class.html"><img src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/next.png" alt="Next"></a>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,582 @@
|
||||
/*=============================================================================
|
||||
Copyright (c) 2004 Joel de Guzman
|
||||
http://spirit.sourceforge.net/
|
||||
|
||||
Use, modification and distribution is subject to the Boost Software
|
||||
License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at
|
||||
http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt)
|
||||
=============================================================================*/
|
||||
|
||||
/*=============================================================================
|
||||
Body defaults
|
||||
=============================================================================*/
|
||||
|
||||
body
|
||||
{
|
||||
margin: 1em;
|
||||
font-family: sans-serif;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/*=============================================================================
|
||||
Paragraphs
|
||||
=============================================================================*/
|
||||
|
||||
p
|
||||
{
|
||||
text-align: left;
|
||||
font-size: 10pt;
|
||||
line-height: 1.15;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/*=============================================================================
|
||||
Program listings
|
||||
=============================================================================*/
|
||||
|
||||
/* Code on paragraphs */
|
||||
p tt.computeroutput
|
||||
{
|
||||
font-size: 10pt;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
pre.synopsis
|
||||
{
|
||||
font-size: 10pt;
|
||||
margin: 1pc 4% 0pc 4%;
|
||||
padding: 0.5pc 0.5pc 0.5pc 0.5pc;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
.programlisting,
|
||||
.screen
|
||||
{
|
||||
font-size: 10pt;
|
||||
display: block;
|
||||
margin: 1pc 4% 0pc 4%;
|
||||
padding: 0.5pc 0.5pc 0.5pc 0.5pc;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/* Program listings in tables don't get borders */
|
||||
td .programlisting,
|
||||
td .screen
|
||||
{
|
||||
margin: 0pc 0pc 0pc 0pc;
|
||||
padding: 0pc 0pc 0pc 0pc;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
/*=============================================================================
|
||||
Headings
|
||||
=============================================================================*/
|
||||
|
||||
h1, h2, h3, h4, h5, h6
|
||||
{
|
||||
text-align: left;
|
||||
margin: 1em 0em 0.5em 0em;
|
||||
font-weight: bold;
|
||||
}
|
||||
|
||||
h1 { font: 140% }
|
||||
h2 { font: bold 140% }
|
||||
h3 { font: bold 130% }
|
||||
h4 { font: bold 120% }
|
||||
h5 { font: italic 110% }
|
||||
h6 { font: italic 100% }
|
||||
|
||||
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|
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|
||||
<html>
|
||||
<head>
|
||||
<meta http-equiv="Content-Type" content="text/html; charset=US-ASCII">
|
||||
<title>Chapter 1. Boost.NumericConversion</title>
|
||||
<link rel="stylesheet" href="boostbook.css" type="text/css">
|
||||
<meta name="generator" content="DocBook XSL Stylesheets V1.79.1">
|
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<link rel="home" href="index.html" title="Chapter 1. Boost.NumericConversion">
|
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<link rel="next" href="boost_numericconversion/definitions.html" title="Definitions">
|
||||
</head>
|
||||
<body bgcolor="white" text="black" link="#0000FF" vlink="#840084" alink="#0000FF">
|
||||
<table cellpadding="2" width="100%"><tr>
|
||||
<td valign="top"><img alt="Boost C++ Libraries" width="277" height="86" src="../../../../../boost.png"></td>
|
||||
<td align="center"><a href="../../../../../index.html">Home</a></td>
|
||||
<td align="center"><a href="../../../../../libs/libraries.htm">Libraries</a></td>
|
||||
<td align="center"><a href="http://www.boost.org/users/people.html">People</a></td>
|
||||
<td align="center"><a href="http://www.boost.org/users/faq.html">FAQ</a></td>
|
||||
<td align="center"><a href="../../../../../more/index.htm">More</a></td>
|
||||
</tr></table>
|
||||
<hr>
|
||||
<div class="spirit-nav"><a accesskey="n" href="boost_numericconversion/definitions.html"><img src="../../../../../doc/src/images/next.png" alt="Next"></a></div>
|
||||
<div class="chapter">
|
||||
<div class="titlepage"><div>
|
||||
<div><h2 class="title">
|
||||
<a name="numeric_conversion"></a>Chapter 1. Boost.NumericConversion</h2></div>
|
||||
<div><div class="author"><h3 class="author">
|
||||
<span class="firstname">Fernando Luis</span> <span class="surname">Cacciola Carballal</span>
|
||||
</h3></div></div>
|
||||
<div><p class="copyright">Copyright © 2004-2007 Fernando
|
||||
Luis Cacciola Carballal</p></div>
|
||||
<div><div class="legalnotice">
|
||||
<a name="numeric_conversion.legal"></a><p>
|
||||
Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
|
||||
file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at <a href="http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt" target="_top">http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt</a>)
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</div></div>
|
||||
</div></div>
|
||||
<div class="toc">
|
||||
<p><b>Table of Contents</b></p>
|
||||
<dl class="toc">
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="index.html#numeric_conversion.overview">Overview</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="boost_numericconversion/definitions.html">Definitions</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dd><dl>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="boost_numericconversion/definitions.html#boost_numericconversion.definitions.introduction">Introduction</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="boost_numericconversion/definitions.html#boost_numericconversion.definitions.types_and_values">Types
|
||||
and Values</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="boost_numericconversion/definitions.html#boost_numericconversion.definitions.c___arithmetic_types">C++
|
||||
Arithmetic Types</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="boost_numericconversion/definitions.html#boost_numericconversion.definitions.numeric_types">Numeric
|
||||
Types</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="boost_numericconversion/definitions.html#boost_numericconversion.definitions.range_and_precision">Range
|
||||
and Precision</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="boost_numericconversion/definitions.html#boost_numericconversion.definitions.exact__correctly_rounded_and_out_of_range_representations">Exact,
|
||||
Correctly Rounded and Out-Of-Range Representations</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="boost_numericconversion/definitions.html#boost_numericconversion.definitions.standard__numeric__conversions">Standard
|
||||
(numeric) Conversions</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="boost_numericconversion/definitions.html#boost_numericconversion.definitions.subranged_conversion_direction__subtype_and_supertype">Subranged
|
||||
Conversion Direction, Subtype and Supertype</a></span></dt>
|
||||
</dl></dd>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="boost_numericconversion/converter___function_object.html">converter<>
|
||||
function object</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dd><dl>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="boost_numericconversion/converter___function_object.html#boost_numericconversion.converter___function_object.synopsis">Synopsis</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="boost_numericconversion/converter___function_object.html#boost_numericconversion.converter___function_object.template_parameters">Template
|
||||
parameters</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="boost_numericconversion/converter___function_object.html#boost_numericconversion.converter___function_object.member_functions">Member
|
||||
functions</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="boost_numericconversion/converter___function_object.html#boost_numericconversion.converter___function_object.range_checking_logic">Range
|
||||
Checking Logic</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="boost_numericconversion/converter___function_object.html#boost_numericconversion.converter___function_object.examples">Examples</a></span></dt>
|
||||
</dl></dd>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="boost_numericconversion/type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.html">Type
|
||||
Requirements and User-defined-types support</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dd><dl>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="boost_numericconversion/type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.html#boost_numericconversion.type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.type_requirements">Type
|
||||
Requirements</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="boost_numericconversion/type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.html#boost_numericconversion.type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.udt_s_special_semantics">UDT's
|
||||
special semantics</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="boost_numericconversion/type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.html#boost_numericconversion.type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.special_policies">Special
|
||||
Policies</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="boost_numericconversion/type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.html#boost_numericconversion.type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.udts_with_numeric_cast">UDTs
|
||||
with numeric_cast</a></span></dt>
|
||||
</dl></dd>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="boost_numericconversion/bounds___traits_class.html">bounds<>
|
||||
traits class</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dd><dl>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="boost_numericconversion/bounds___traits_class.html#boost_numericconversion.bounds___traits_class.introduction">Introduction</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="boost_numericconversion/bounds___traits_class.html#boost_numericconversion.bounds___traits_class.traits_class_bounds_n_">traits
|
||||
class bounds<N></a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="boost_numericconversion/bounds___traits_class.html#boost_numericconversion.bounds___traits_class.examples">Examples</a></span></dt>
|
||||
</dl></dd>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="boost_numericconversion/conversion_traits___traits_class.html">conversion_traits<>
|
||||
traits class</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dd><dl>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="boost_numericconversion/conversion_traits___traits_class.html#boost_numericconversion.conversion_traits___traits_class.types">Types</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="boost_numericconversion/conversion_traits___traits_class.html#boost_numericconversion.conversion_traits___traits_class.examples">Examples</a></span></dt>
|
||||
</dl></dd>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="boost_numericconversion/numeric_converter_policy_classes.html">Numeric
|
||||
Converter Policy Classes</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dd><dl>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="boost_numericconversion/numeric_converter_policy_classes.html#boost_numericconversion.numeric_converter_policy_classes.enum_range_check_result">enum
|
||||
range_check_result</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="boost_numericconversion/numeric_converter_policy_classes.html#boost_numericconversion.numeric_converter_policy_classes.policy_overflowhandler">Policy
|
||||
OverflowHandler</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="boost_numericconversion/numeric_converter_policy_classes.html#boost_numericconversion.numeric_converter_policy_classes.policy_float2introunder">Policy
|
||||
Float2IntRounder</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="boost_numericconversion/numeric_converter_policy_classes.html#boost_numericconversion.numeric_converter_policy_classes.policy_rawconverter">Policy
|
||||
RawConverter</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="boost_numericconversion/numeric_converter_policy_classes.html#boost_numericconversion.numeric_converter_policy_classes.policy_userrangechecker">Policy
|
||||
UserRangeChecker</a></span></dt>
|
||||
</dl></dd>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="boost_numericconversion/improved_numeric_cast__.html">Improved
|
||||
numeric_cast<></a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dd><dl>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="boost_numericconversion/improved_numeric_cast__.html#boost_numericconversion.improved_numeric_cast__.introduction">Introduction</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="boost_numericconversion/improved_numeric_cast__.html#boost_numericconversion.improved_numeric_cast__.numeric_cast">numeric_cast</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="boost_numericconversion/improved_numeric_cast__.html#boost_numericconversion.improved_numeric_cast__.numeric_cast_traits">numeric_cast_traits</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="boost_numericconversion/improved_numeric_cast__.html#boost_numericconversion.improved_numeric_cast__.examples">Examples</a></span></dt>
|
||||
</dl></dd>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="numeric_conversion/history_and_acknowledgments.html">History
|
||||
and Acknowledgments</a></span></dt>
|
||||
<dt><span class="section"><a href="numeric_conversion/bibliography.html">Bibliography</a></span></dt>
|
||||
</dl>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<div class="section">
|
||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
|
||||
<a name="numeric_conversion.overview"></a><a class="link" href="index.html#numeric_conversion.overview" title="Overview">Overview</a>
|
||||
</h2></div></div></div>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The Boost Numeric Conversion library is a collection of tools to describe and
|
||||
perform conversions between values of different <a class="link" href="boost_numericconversion/definitions.html#boost_numericconversion.definitions.numeric_types" title="Numeric Types">numeric
|
||||
types</a>.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
The library includes a special alternative for a subset of <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">std</span><span class="special">::</span><span class="identifier">numeric_limits</span><span class="special"><></span></code>, the <a class="link" href="boost_numericconversion/bounds___traits_class.html" title="bounds<> traits class">bounds<></a>
|
||||
traits class, which provides a consistent way to obtain the <a class="link" href="boost_numericconversion/definitions.html#boost_numericconversion.definitions.range_and_precision" title="Range and Precision">boundary</a>
|
||||
values for the <a class="link" href="boost_numericconversion/definitions.html#boost_numericconversion.definitions.range_and_precision" title="Range and Precision">range</a>
|
||||
of a numeric type.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
It also includes a set of <a class="link" href="boost_numericconversion/conversion_traits___traits_class.html" title="conversion_traits<> traits class">trait
|
||||
classes</a> which describes the compile-time properties of a conversion
|
||||
from a source to a target numeric type. Both <a class="link" href="boost_numericconversion/definitions.html#boost_numericconversion.definitions.c___arithmetic_types" title="C++ Arithmetic Types">arithmetic</a>
|
||||
and <a class="link" href="boost_numericconversion/definitions.html#boost_numericconversion.definitions.numeric_types" title="Numeric Types">user-defined
|
||||
numeric types</a> can be used.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<p>
|
||||
A policy-based <a class="link" href="boost_numericconversion/converter___function_object.html" title="converter<> function object">converter</a>
|
||||
object which uses <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">conversion_traits</span></code>
|
||||
to select an optimized implementation is supplied. Such implementation uses
|
||||
an optimal range checking code suitable for the source/target combination.
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; ">
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
The converter's out-of-range behavior can be customized via an <a class="link" href="boost_numericconversion/numeric_converter_policy_classes.html#boost_numericconversion.numeric_converter_policy_classes.policy_overflowhandler" title="Policy OverflowHandler">OverflowHandler</a>
|
||||
policy.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
For floating-point to integral conversions, the rounding mode can be selected
|
||||
via the <a class="link" href="boost_numericconversion/numeric_converter_policy_classes.html#boost_numericconversion.numeric_converter_policy_classes.policy_float2introunder" title="Policy Float2IntRounder">Float2IntRounder</a>
|
||||
policy.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
A custom low-level conversion routine (for UDTs for instance) can be passed
|
||||
via a <a class="link" href="boost_numericconversion/numeric_converter_policy_classes.html#boost_numericconversion.numeric_converter_policy_classes.policy_rawconverter" title="Policy RawConverter">RawConverter</a>
|
||||
policy.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
The optimized automatic range-checking logic can be overridden via a <a class="link" href="boost_numericconversion/numeric_converter_policy_classes.html#boost_numericconversion.numeric_converter_policy_classes.policy_userrangechecker" title="Policy UserRangeChecker">UserRangeChecker</a>
|
||||
policy.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
</ul></div>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<table xmlns:rev="http://www.cs.rpi.edu/~gregod/boost/tools/doc/revision" width="100%"><tr>
|
||||
<td align="left"><p><small>Last revised: December 22, 2016 at 12:49:11 GMT</small></p></td>
|
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<td align="right"><div class="copyright-footer"></div></td>
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||||
<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
|
||||
<a name="numeric_conversion.bibliography"></a><a class="link" href="bibliography.html" title="Bibliography">Bibliography</a>
|
||||
</h2></div></div></div>
|
||||
<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; ">
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
Standard Documents:
|
||||
<div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1">
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
ISO/IEC 14882:98 (C++98 Standard)
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
ISO/IEC 9899:1999 (C99 Standard)
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
ISO/IEC 10967-1 (Language Independent Arithmetic (LIA), Part I, 1994)
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
ISO/IEC 2382-1:1993 (Information Technology - Vocabulary - Part I:
|
||||
Fundamental Terms)
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
ANSI/IEEE 754-1985 [and IEC 60559:1989] (Binary floating-point)
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
ANSI/IEEE 854-1988 (Radix Independent floating-point)
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
ANSI X3/TR-1-82 (Dictionary for Information Processing Systems)
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
ISO/IEC JTC1/SC22/WG14/N753 C9X Revision Proposal: LIA-1 Binding:
|
||||
Rationale
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
</ol></div>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
Papers:
|
||||
<div class="orderedlist"><ol class="orderedlist" type="1">
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
David Goldberg What Every Computer Scientist Should Know About Floating-Point
|
||||
Arithmetic
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
Prof. William Kahan papers on floating-point.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
</ol></div>
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
</ul></div>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<table xmlns:rev="http://www.cs.rpi.edu/~gregod/boost/tools/doc/revision" width="100%"><tr>
|
||||
<td align="left"></td>
|
||||
<td align="right"><div class="copyright-footer">Copyright © 2004-2007 Fernando
|
||||
Luis Cacciola Carballal<p>
|
||||
Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
|
||||
file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at <a href="http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt" target="_top">http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt</a>)
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</div></td>
|
||||
</tr></table>
|
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|
||||
<a name="numeric_conversion.history_and_acknowledgments"></a><a class="link" href="history_and_acknowledgments.html" title="History and Acknowledgments">History
|
||||
and Acknowledgments</a>
|
||||
</h2></div></div></div>
|
||||
<h4>
|
||||
<a name="numeric_conversion.history_and_acknowledgments.h0"></a>
|
||||
<span class="phrase"><a name="numeric_conversion.history_and_acknowledgments.pre_formal_review"></a></span><a class="link" href="history_and_acknowledgments.html#numeric_conversion.history_and_acknowledgments.pre_formal_review">Pre-formal
|
||||
review</a>
|
||||
</h4>
|
||||
<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; ">
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
Kevlin Henney, with help from David Abrahams and Beman Dawes, originally
|
||||
contributed the previous version of <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">numeric_cast</span><span class="special"><></span></code> which already presented the idea
|
||||
of a runtime range check.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
Later, Eric Ford, Kevin Lynch and the author spotted some genericity problems
|
||||
with that <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">numeric_cast</span><span class="special"><></span></code> which prevented it from being used
|
||||
in a generic layer of math functions.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
An improved <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">numeric_cast</span><span class="special"><></span></code> which properly handled all combinations
|
||||
of arithmetic types was presented.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
David Abrahams and Beman Dawes acknowledged the need of an improved version
|
||||
of <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">numeric_cast</span><span class="special"><></span></code>
|
||||
and supported the submission as originally laid out. Daryl Walker and Darin
|
||||
Adler made some important comments and proposed fixes to the original submission.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
Special thanks go to Björn Karlsoon who helped the author considerably.
|
||||
Having found the problems with <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">numeric_cast</span><span class="special"><></span></code> himself, he revised very carefully
|
||||
the original submission and spot a subtle bug in the range checking implementation.
|
||||
He also wrote part of this documentation and proof-read and corrected other
|
||||
parts. And most importantly: the features now presented here in this library
|
||||
evolved from the original submission as a result of the useful private
|
||||
communications between Björn and the author.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
</ul></div>
|
||||
<h4>
|
||||
<a name="numeric_conversion.history_and_acknowledgments.h1"></a>
|
||||
<span class="phrase"><a name="numeric_conversion.history_and_acknowledgments.post_formal_review"></a></span><a class="link" href="history_and_acknowledgments.html#numeric_conversion.history_and_acknowledgments.post_formal_review">Post-formal
|
||||
review</a>
|
||||
</h4>
|
||||
<div class="itemizedlist"><ul class="itemizedlist" style="list-style-type: disc; ">
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
Guillaume Melquiond spoted some documentation and code issues, particularly
|
||||
about rounding conversions.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
<li class="listitem">
|
||||
The following people contributed an important review of the design, documentation
|
||||
and c ode: Kevin Lynch, Thorsten Ottosen, Paul Bristow, Daryle Walker,
|
||||
Jhon Torjo, Eric Ford, Gennadiy Rozental.
|
||||
</li>
|
||||
</ul></div>
|
||||
</div>
|
||||
<table xmlns:rev="http://www.cs.rpi.edu/~gregod/boost/tools/doc/revision" width="100%"><tr>
|
||||
<td align="left"></td>
|
||||
<td align="right"><div class="copyright-footer">Copyright © 2004-2007 Fernando
|
||||
Luis Cacciola Carballal<p>
|
||||
Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
|
||||
file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at <a href="http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt" target="_top">http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt</a>)
|
||||
</p>
|
||||
</div></td>
|
||||
</tr></table>
|
||||
<hr>
|
||||
<div class="spirit-nav">
|
||||
<a accesskey="p" href="../boost_numericconversion/improved_numeric_cast__.html"><img src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/prev.png" alt="Prev"></a><a accesskey="u" href="../index.html"><img src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/up.png" alt="Up"></a><a accesskey="h" href="../index.html"><img src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/home.png" alt="Home"></a><a accesskey="n" href="bibliography.html"><img src="../../../../../../doc/src/images/next.png" alt="Next"></a>
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||||
</div>
|
||||
</body>
|
||||
</html>
|
||||
@@ -0,0 +1,10 @@
|
||||
index.html
|
||||
boost_numericconversion/definitions.html
|
||||
boost_numericconversion/converter___function_object.html
|
||||
boost_numericconversion/type_requirements_and_user_defined_types_support.html
|
||||
boost_numericconversion/bounds___traits_class.html
|
||||
boost_numericconversion/conversion_traits___traits_class.html
|
||||
boost_numericconversion/numeric_converter_policy_classes.html
|
||||
boost_numericconversion/improved_numeric_cast__.html
|
||||
numeric_conversion/history_and_acknowledgments.html
|
||||
numeric_conversion/bibliography.html
|
||||
Reference in New Issue
Block a user