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A few more minor edits.
git-svn-id: svn+ssh://svn.code.sf.net/p/wsjt/wsjt/branches/wsjtx@6386 ab8295b8-cf94-4d9e-aec4-7959e3be5d79
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@ -164,9 +164,9 @@ The JT65 protocol specifies transmissions that normally start one second
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and by a meaningful amount over the KV decoder.
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and by a meaningful amount over the KV decoder.
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In addition to its excellent performance, the new algorithm has other desirable
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In addition to its excellent performance, the new algorithm has other desirable
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properties, not least of which is its conceptual simplicity.
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properties, not least of which is its conceptual simplicity.
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Decoding performance and complexity scale in a convenient way, providing
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Decoding performance and computational complexity scale in a convenient
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steadily increasing soft-decision decoding gain as a tunable computational
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way, providing steadily increasing soft-decision decoding gain as a tunable
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complexity parameter is increased over more than five orders of magnitude.
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parameter is increased over more than five orders of magnitude.
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Appreciable gain is available from our decoder even on very simple (and
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Appreciable gain is available from our decoder even on very simple (and
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relatively slow) computers.
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relatively slow) computers.
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On the other hand, because the algorithm benefits from a large number of
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On the other hand, because the algorithm benefits from a large number of
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@ -1636,11 +1636,11 @@ Otherwise, declare decoding failure and exit.
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An acceptable hinted decode has been found.
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An acceptable hinted decode has been found.
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Declare a successful result and return the saved codeword and the value
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Declare a successful result and return the saved codeword and the value
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\begin_inset Formula $q=100*(u_{1}-bu_{2})$
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\begin_inset Formula $q=100(u_{1}-bu_{2})$
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\end_inset
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\end_inset
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as a confidence indicator.
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as a confidence indicator.
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By default we use
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By default we use the value
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\begin_inset Formula $b=1.12$
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\begin_inset Formula $b=1.12$
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\end_inset
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\end_inset
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@ -1672,12 +1672,12 @@ Comparisons of decoding performance are usually presented in the professional
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noise power spectral density.
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noise power spectral density.
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For weak-signal amateur radio work, performance is more conveniently presented
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For weak-signal amateur radio work, performance is more conveniently presented
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as the probability of successfully decoding a received word plotted against
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as the probability of successfully decoding a received word plotted against
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signal-to-noise ratio in a 2500 Hz reference bandwidth,
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\begin_inset Formula $\mathrm{SNR}{}_{2500}$
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\begin_inset Formula $\mathrm{SNR}{}_{2500}$
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\end_inset
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\end_inset
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.
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, the signal-to-noise ratio in a 2500 Hz reference bandwidth, The relationship
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The relationship between
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between
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\begin_inset Formula $E_{b}/N_{o}$
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\begin_inset Formula $E_{b}/N_{o}$
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\end_inset
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\end_inset
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@ -1725,8 +1725,8 @@ Simulated results on the AWGN channel
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\end_layout
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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\begin_layout Standard
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Results of simulations using the BM, KV, and FT, decoding algorithms on
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Results of simulations using the BM, KV, and FT decoding algorithms on the
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the JT65 code are presented in terms of word error rate versus
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JT65 code are presented in terms of word error rate versus
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\begin_inset Formula $E_{b}/N_{o}$
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\begin_inset Formula $E_{b}/N_{o}$
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\end_inset
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\end_inset
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@ -1905,10 +1905,10 @@ reference "fig:bodide"
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.
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.
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It is apparent that the FT decoder produces more decodes than KV when
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It is apparent that the FT decoder produces more decodes than KV when
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\begin_inset Formula $T=10^{4}$
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\begin_inset Formula $T\gtrsim3000$
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\end_inset
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\end_inset
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or larger.
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.
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As already noted in connection with Figure
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As already noted in connection with Figure
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\begin_inset CommandInset ref
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\begin_inset CommandInset ref
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LatexCommand ref
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LatexCommand ref
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@ -2075,16 +2075,17 @@ Number of trials needed to decode a received word versus Hamming distance
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\begin_inset Formula $X$
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\begin_inset Formula $X$
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\end_inset
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\end_inset
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between the received word and the decoded codeword, for 1000 simulated
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between the received word and the decoded codeword.
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transmissions on an AWGN channel with no fading and
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We used 1000 simulated transmissions on an AWGN channel with no fading,
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and
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\begin_inset Formula $\mathrm{SNR}{}_{2500}=-24$
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\begin_inset Formula $\mathrm{SNR}{}_{2500}=-24$
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\end_inset
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\end_inset
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dB or
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dB
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\begin_inset Formula $E_{b}/N_{o}=5.1$
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\begin_inset Formula $(E_{b}/N_{o}=5.1$
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\end_inset
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\end_inset
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dB.
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dB).
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\end_layout
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\end_layout
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@ -2126,13 +2127,9 @@ reference "fig:Psuccess"
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These simulated Doppler spreads are comparable to those encountered on
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These simulated Doppler spreads are comparable to those encountered on
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HF ionospheric paths and also for EME at VHF and the lower UHF bands.
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HF ionospheric paths and also for EME at VHF and the lower UHF bands.
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For comparison we note that the JT65 symbol rate is about 2.69 Hz.
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For comparison we note that the JT65 symbol rate is about 2.69 Hz.
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It is interesting to note that while Rayleigh fading severely degrades
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\end_layout
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the success rate of the BM decoder, the penalties are much smaller with
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both FT and
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\begin_layout Standard
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It is interesting to note that while Rayleigh fading severely degrades the
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success rate of the BM decoder, the penalties are much smaller with both
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FT and
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\begin_inset Quotes eld
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\begin_inset Quotes eld
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\end_inset
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\end_inset
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@ -2143,8 +2140,8 @@ Deep Search
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decoding.
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decoding.
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Simulated Doppler spreads of 0.2 Hz actually increased the FT and DS decoding
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Simulated Doppler spreads of 0.2 Hz actually increased the FT and DS decoding
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rates slightly at SNRs close to the decoding threshold, presumably because
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rates slightly at SNRs close to the decoding threshold, presumably because
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with the low-rate JT65 code signal peaks can be enough to produce good
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with the low-rate JT65 code signal peaks can provide the information needed
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copy.
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for good copy.
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\end_layout
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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\begin_layout Standard
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@ -2254,11 +2251,10 @@ reference "fig:JT65B_EME"
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\emph on
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\emph on
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WSJT-X,
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WSJT-X,
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\emph default
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\emph default
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illustrating replies to an EME CQ from K1JT on 144.118 MHz using submode
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illustrating replies to an EME CQ from K1JT on 144.118 MHz.
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JT65B.
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Speckled vertical lines on the waterfall at 1494 and 1515 Hz are the synchroniz
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Speckled vertical lines on the waterfall at 1494 and 1515 Hz are the synchroniz
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ing tones of signals from DL7UAE and SP6GWB.
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ing tones of signals from DL7UAE and SP6GWB.
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Other visible speckles (barely above the noise) up to about 1693 Hz are
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Other visible speckles (barely above the noise) up to about 1870 Hz are
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data tones from these two stations.
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data tones from these two stations.
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Two lines of decoded text show that the estimated average signal strengths
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Two lines of decoded text show that the estimated average signal strengths
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were
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were
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@ -2313,10 +2309,6 @@ s vertical direction is one minute of time.
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\end_inset
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\end_inset
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Plain Layout
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\end_layout
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\end_layout
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\end_inset
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\end_inset
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@ -2325,7 +2317,7 @@ s vertical direction is one minute of time.
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\end_layout
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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\begin_layout Standard
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Figure
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As another example, Figure
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\begin_inset CommandInset ref
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\begin_inset CommandInset ref
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LatexCommand ref
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LatexCommand ref
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reference "fig:spectrogram"
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reference "fig:spectrogram"
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@ -2334,16 +2326,17 @@ reference "fig:spectrogram"
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shows activity in submode JT65A during a single minute on the 20 m amateur
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shows activity in submode JT65A during a single minute on the 20 m amateur
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band.
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band.
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At this time the band was crowded with overlapping signals; you can probably
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At this time the band was crowded with overlapping signals.
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count at least 19 distinct synchronizing tones (the speckled vertical lines
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You can probably count at least 19 distinct synchronizing tones (the speckled
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in the figure), and see that in some places as many as four signals overlap.
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vertical lines in the figure), and can see that in some places as many
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as four signals overlap.
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After straightforward signal processing to demodulate the signals and produce
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After straightforward signal processing to demodulate the signals and produce
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soft-symbol data for the FT decoder, program
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soft-symbol data for the FT decoder, program
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\emph on
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\emph on
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WSJT-X
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WSJT-X
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\emph default
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\emph default
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extracts and decodes 21 error-free messages from this recorded data segment.
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extracts and decodes 21 error-free messages from this recorded data segment.
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This is achieved with a relatively small timeout parameter,
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This result is achieved with a relatively small timeout parameter,
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\begin_inset Formula $T=1000.$
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\begin_inset Formula $T=1000.$
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\end_inset
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\end_inset
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@ -2351,8 +2344,8 @@ WSJT-X
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The strongest signals (12 in this example) are sequentially decoded and
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The strongest signals (12 in this example) are sequentially decoded and
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subtracted from the raw data after the first pass.
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subtracted from the raw data after the first pass.
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Another 9 signals are decoded in the second pass.
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Another 9 signals are decoded in the second pass.
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For comparison, the hard-decision BM decoder decodes only 12 messages from
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For comparison, the hard-decision BM decoder decodes a total of 12 messages
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this recording (9 in the first pass and 3 more in a second pass).
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from this recording (9 in the first pass and 3 more in a second).
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\end_layout
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\end_layout
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\begin_layout Standard
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\begin_layout Standard
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@ -2423,7 +2416,7 @@ key "karn"
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\end_inset
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\end_inset
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, modified slightly so that the Reed-Solomon syndromes are computed only
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, modified slightly so that the Reed-Solomon syndromes are computed only
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once in our most time-consuming loop (steps 2 through 8 in Algorithm 1).
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once in our most time-consuming loop (steps 2 through 8, Algorithm 1).
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The FT algorithm is now an integral part of programs
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The FT algorithm is now an integral part of programs
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\emph on
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\emph on
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WSJT,
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WSJT,
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