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<div class="titlepage"><div><div><h2 class="title" style="clear: both">
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<a name="math_toolkit.create"></a><a class="link" href="create.html" title="Quaternion Creation Functions">Quaternion Creation Functions</a>
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</h2></div></div></div>
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<pre class="programlisting"><span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">quaternion</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">spherical</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">rho</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">theta</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">phi1</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">phi2</span><span class="special">);</span>
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<span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">quaternion</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">semipolar</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">rho</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">alpha</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">theta1</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">theta2</span><span class="special">);</span>
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<span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">quaternion</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">multipolar</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">rho1</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">theta1</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">rho2</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">theta2</span><span class="special">);</span>
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<span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">quaternion</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">cylindrospherical</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">t</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">radius</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">longitude</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">latitude</span><span class="special">);</span>
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<span class="keyword">template</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="keyword">typename</span> <span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">quaternion</span><span class="special"><</span><span class="identifier">T</span><span class="special">></span> <span class="identifier">cylindrical</span><span class="special">(</span><span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">r</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">angle</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">h1</span><span class="special">,</span> <span class="identifier">T</span> <span class="keyword">const</span> <span class="special">&</span> <span class="identifier">h2</span><span class="special">);</span>
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</pre>
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<p>
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These build quaternions in a way similar to the way polar builds complex numbers,
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as there is no strict equivalent to polar coordinates for quaternions.
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</p>
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<p>
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<a name="math_quaternions.creation_spherical"></a><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">spherical</span></code>
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is a simple transposition of <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">polar</span></code>,
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it takes as inputs a (positive) magnitude and a point on the hypersphere, given
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by three angles. The first of these, <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">theta</span></code>
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has a natural range of <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">pi</span></code>
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to <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">+</span><span class="identifier">pi</span></code>,
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and the other two have natural ranges of <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">pi</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="number">2</span></code>
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to <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">+</span><span class="identifier">pi</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="number">2</span></code> (as is the
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case with the usual spherical coordinates in <span class="emphasis"><em><span class="bold"><strong>R<sup>3</sup></strong></span></em></span>).
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Due to the many symmetries and periodicities, nothing untoward happens if the
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magnitude is negative or the angles are outside their natural ranges. The expected
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degeneracies (a magnitude of zero ignores the angles settings...) do happen
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however.
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</p>
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<p>
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<a name="math_quaternions.creation_cylindrical"></a><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">cylindrical</span></code>
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is likewise a simple transposition of the usual cylindrical coordinates in
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<span class="emphasis"><em><span class="bold"><strong>R<sup>3</sup></strong></span></em></span>, which in turn is another
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derivative of planar polar coordinates. The first two inputs are the polar
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coordinates of the first <span class="emphasis"><em><span class="bold"><strong>C</strong></span></em></span>
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component of the quaternion. The third and fourth inputs are placed into the
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third and fourth <span class="emphasis"><em><span class="bold"><strong>R</strong></span></em></span> components
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of the quaternion, respectively.
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</p>
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<p>
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<a name="math_quaternions.creation_multipolar"></a><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">multipolar</span></code>
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is yet another simple generalization of polar coordinates. This time, both
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<span class="emphasis"><em><span class="bold"><strong>C</strong></span></em></span> components of the quaternion
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are given in polar coordinates.
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</p>
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<p>
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<a name="math_quaternions.creation_cylindrospherical"></a><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">cylindrospherical</span></code>
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is specific to quaternions. It is often interesting to consider <span class="emphasis"><em><span class="bold"><strong>H</strong></span></em></span> as the cartesian product of <span class="emphasis"><em><span class="bold"><strong>R</strong></span></em></span> by <span class="emphasis"><em><span class="bold"><strong>R<sup>3</sup></strong></span></em></span>
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(the quaternionic multiplication as then a special form, as given here). This
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function therefore builds a quaternion from this representation, with the
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<span class="emphasis"><em><span class="bold"><strong>R<sup>3</sup></strong></span></em></span> component given in usual
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<span class="emphasis"><em><span class="bold"><strong>R<sup>3</sup></strong></span></em></span> spherical coordinates.
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</p>
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<p>
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<a name="math_quaternions.creation_semipolar"></a><code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">semipolar</span></code>
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is another generator which is specific to quaternions. It takes as a first
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input the magnitude of the quaternion, as a second input an angle in the range
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<code class="computeroutput"><span class="number">0</span></code> to <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">+</span><span class="identifier">pi</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="number">2</span></code>
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such that magnitudes of the first two <span class="emphasis"><em><span class="bold"><strong>C</strong></span></em></span>
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components of the quaternion are the product of the first input and the sine
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and cosine of this angle, respectively, and finally as third and fourth inputs
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angles in the range <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">-</span><span class="identifier">pi</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="number">2</span></code> to <code class="computeroutput"><span class="special">+</span><span class="identifier">pi</span><span class="special">/</span><span class="number">2</span></code> which represent the arguments of the first
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and second <span class="emphasis"><em><span class="bold"><strong>C</strong></span></em></span> components
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of the quaternion, respectively. As usual, nothing untoward happens if what
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should be magnitudes are negative numbers or angles are out of their natural
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ranges, as symmetries and periodicities kick in.
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</p>
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<p>
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In this version of our implementation of quaternions, there is no analogue
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of the complex value operation <code class="computeroutput"><span class="identifier">arg</span></code>
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as the situation is somewhat more complicated. Unit quaternions are linked
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both to rotations in <span class="emphasis"><em><span class="bold"><strong>R<sup>3</sup></strong></span></em></span>
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and in <span class="emphasis"><em><span class="bold"><strong>R<sup>4</sup></strong></span></em></span>, and the correspondences
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are not too complicated, but there is currently a lack of standard (de facto
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or de jure) matrix library with which the conversions could work. This should
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be remedied in a further revision. In the mean time, an example of how this
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could be done is presented here for <a href="../../../example/HSO3.hpp" target="_top"><span class="emphasis"><em><span class="bold"><strong>R<sup>3</sup></strong></span></em></span></a>, and here for <a href="../../../example/HSO4.hpp" target="_top"><span class="emphasis"><em><span class="bold"><strong>R<sup>4</sup></strong></span></em></span></a> (<a href="../../../example/HSO3SO4.cpp" target="_top">example
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test file</a>).
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</p>
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</div>
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<table xmlns:rev="http://www.cs.rpi.edu/~gregod/boost/tools/doc/revision" width="100%"><tr>
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<td align="left"></td>
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<td align="right"><div class="copyright-footer">Copyright © 2006-2010, 2012-2014 Nikhar Agrawal,
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Anton Bikineev, Paul A. Bristow, Marco Guazzone, Christopher Kormanyos, Hubert
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Holin, Bruno Lalande, John Maddock, Jeremy Murphy, Johan Råde, Gautam Sewani,
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Benjamin Sobotta, Thijs van den Berg, Daryle Walker and Xiaogang Zhang<p>
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Distributed under the Boost Software License, Version 1.0. (See accompanying
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file LICENSE_1_0.txt or copy at <a href="http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt" target="_top">http://www.boost.org/LICENSE_1_0.txt</a>)
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