Changed some stuff

CMakeLists.txt

@@ -290,7 +290,7 @@ if(BUILD_TESTS)
         add_executable(PorpertyTest test/PropertyTest.cpp ${SOURCE_FILES})
         target_link_libraries(PorpertyTest ${TEST_LIBRARIES})
 
-        add_executable(BBTest test/BBTest.cpp ${SOURCE_FILES} src/query/command_unused.h)
+        add_executable(BBTest test/BBTest.cpp ${SOURCE_FILES} src/query/command_unused.h src/misc/ip_router.cpp src/misc/ip_router.h)
         target_link_libraries(BBTest ${TEST_LIBRARIES})
 
         add_executable(LinkedTest test/LinkedTest.cpp ${SOURCE_FILES})
@@ -304,5 +304,7 @@ if(BUILD_TESTS)
 
         add_executable(RW-Lock-Test test/rw_lock.cpp src/lock/rw_mutex.cpp)
         target_link_libraries(GenerationTest ${TEST_LIBRARIES})
+
+        add_executable(IP-Router-Test test/ip_router.cpp src/misc/ip_router.cpp)
     endif()
 endif()

src/converters/converter.h

@@ -76,11 +76,12 @@ namespace ts {
     struct converter<class> {                                                                                   \
         static constexpr bool supported = true;                                                                 \
                                                                                                                 \
-        static constexpr std::string(*to_string)(const std::any&) = [](const std::any& val) { \
+        static constexpr std::string(*to_string)(const std::any&) = [](const std::any& val) {                   \
-            return std::to_string(std::any_cast<class>(val)); \
+            return std::to_string((size_type) std::any_cast<class>(val));                                       \
-        };        \
+        };                                                                                                      \
-        static constexpr class(*from_string_view)(const std::string_view&) = [](const std::string_view& val) {                 \
+                                                                                                                \
-            return ((class(*)(const std::string_view&)) ts::converter<size_type>::from_string_view)(val);                 \
+        static constexpr class(*from_string_view)(const std::string_view&) = [](const std::string_view& val) {  \
+            return ((class(*)(const std::string_view&)) ts::converter<size_type>::from_string_view)(val);       \
         };                                                                                                      \
     };                                                                                                          \
 }

src/misc/ip_router.cpp

@@ -10,31 +10,26 @@
 using namespace ts::network;
 
 
-constexpr static ip_rounter::route_entry generate_empty_end_node(void*) {
+constexpr static ip_router::route_entry generate_empty_end_node(void*) {
-    ip_rounter::route_entry result{};
+    ip_router::route_entry result{};
     for(auto& ptr : result.data)
         ptr = nullptr;
     return result;
 }
 
 template <size_t N>
-constexpr std::array<ip_rounter::route_entry, N> generate_default_table() noexcept {
+constexpr std::array<ip_router::route_entry, N> generate_default_table() noexcept {
-    std::array<ip_rounter::route_entry, N> result{};
+    std::array<ip_router::route_entry, N> result{};
 
-    for(ip_rounter::route_entry& entry : result)
+    for(size_t index{0}; index < result.size(); index++) {
-        entry.use_count = ip_rounter::route_entry::const_flag_mask | 0xFFU;
+        result[index].use_count = ip_router::route_entry::const_flag_mask | 0xFFU;
-
+        result[index].deep = index + 1;
-    for(auto& end_ptr : result[0].data)
+    }
-        end_ptr = nullptr;
-
-    for(size_t index{1}; index < result.size(); index++)
-        for(auto& ptr : result[index].data)
-            ptr = &result[index - 1];
 
     return result;
 }
 
-std::array<ip_rounter::route_entry, 16> ip_rounter::recursive_ends = generate_default_table<16>();
+std::array<ip_router::route_entry, 16> ip_router::recursive_ends = generate_default_table<16>();
 
 struct sockaddr_storage_info {
     size_t address_offset{0};
@@ -88,33 +83,35 @@ inline void address_to_chunks(uint8_t* chunks, const sockaddr_storage &address)
     }
 }
 
-ip_rounter::ip_rounter() {
+ip_router::ip_router() {
     for(auto& data : this->root_entry.data)
-        data = &ip_rounter::recursive_ends[14];
+        data = &ip_router::recursive_ends[14];
-    this->root_entry.use_count = ip_rounter::route_entry::const_flag_mask | 0xFFU;
+    this->root_entry.deep = 1;
+    this->root_entry.use_count = ip_router::route_entry::const_flag_mask | 0xFFU;
 }
 
-inline void delete_route_entry(ip_rounter::route_entry* entry, size_t level) {
+inline void delete_route_entry(ip_router::route_entry* entry, size_t level) {
+    level -= entry->deep;
     if(level != 0) {
         for(auto& data : entry->data) {
-            auto e = (ip_rounter::route_entry*) data;
+            auto e = (ip_router::route_entry*) data;
             if(e->is_const_entry()) continue;
 
-            delete_route_entry(e, level - 1);
+            delete_route_entry(e, level);
         }
     }
     delete entry;
 }
 
-ip_rounter::~ip_rounter() {
+ip_router::~ip_router() {
     for(auto& entry : this->unused_nodes)
         delete entry;
 
     for(auto& data : this->root_entry.data) {
-        auto entry = (ip_rounter::route_entry*) data;
+        auto entry = (ip_router::route_entry*) data;
         if(entry->is_const_entry()) continue;
 
-        delete_route_entry(entry, 14);
+        delete_route_entry(entry, 16 - this->root_entry.deep);
     }
 }
 
@@ -122,22 +119,30 @@ ip_rounter::~ip_rounter() {
  * Because we're only reading memory here, and that even quite fast we do not need to lock the register lock.
  * Even if a block gets changed, it will not be deleted immediately. So we should finish reading first before that memory get freed.
  */
-void* ip_rounter::resolve(const sockaddr_storage &address) const {
+void* ip_router::resolve(const sockaddr_storage &address) const {
     uint8_t address_chunks[16];
     address_to_chunks(address_chunks, address);
-    const ip_rounter::route_entry* current_chunk = &this->root_entry;
+    const ip_router::route_entry* current_chunk = &this->root_entry;
 
     std::lock_guard lock{this->entry_lock};
     //std::shared_lock lock{this->entry_lock};
 
-#pragma GCC unroll 15
+    size_t byte_index{0};
-    for(size_t index{0}; index < 15; index++)
+    while(true) {
-        current_chunk = (ip_rounter::route_entry*) current_chunk->data[address_chunks[index]];
+        byte_index += current_chunk->deep;
+        if(byte_index == 16) break;
+        assert(byte_index < 16);
+
+        current_chunk = (ip_router::route_entry*) current_chunk->data[address_chunks[byte_index - 1]];
+    };
+
+    if(memcmp(address_chunks, current_chunk->previous_chunks, 15) != 0)
+        return nullptr; /* route does not match */
 
     return current_chunk->data[address_chunks[15]];
 }
 
-bool ip_rounter::register_route(const sockaddr_storage &address, void *target, void ** old_target) {
+bool ip_router::register_route(const sockaddr_storage &address, void *target, void ** old_target) {
     uint8_t address_chunks[16];
     address_to_chunks(address_chunks, address);
 
@@ -145,20 +150,61 @@ bool ip_rounter::register_route(const sockaddr_storage &address, void *target, v
     if(!old_target)
         old_target = &_temp_old_target;
 
-    ip_rounter::route_entry* current_chunk = &this->root_entry;
+    ip_router::route_entry* current_chunk = &this->root_entry;
     std::lock_guard rlock{this->register_lock};
 
-    for(size_t index{0}; index < 15; index++) {
+    size_t byte_index{0};
-        auto& next_chunk = (ip_rounter::route_entry*&) current_chunk->data[address_chunks[index]];
+    while(true) {
-        if(next_chunk->is_const_entry()) {
+        byte_index += current_chunk->deep;
-            assert(next_chunk == &ip_rounter::recursive_ends[15 - index - 1]);
+        if(byte_index == 16) break;
+        assert(byte_index < 16);
 
-            auto allocated_entry = this->create_8bit_entry(15 - index - 1);
+        /* for the first iteration  no previous_chunks check for "current_chunk" is needed because it will always match! */
+        auto& next_chunk = (ip_router::route_entry*&) current_chunk->data[address_chunks[byte_index - 1]];
+        if(next_chunk->is_const_entry()) {
+            /* perfect, lets allocate our own end and we're done */
+            //assert(next_chunk == &ip_rounter::recursive_ends[15 - index - 1]);
+
+            auto allocated_entry = this->create_8bit_entry(byte_index, true);
             if(!allocated_entry) return false;
 
+            memcpy(allocated_entry->previous_chunks, address_chunks, 15);
+
+            /* no lock needed here, just a pointer exchange */
             next_chunk = allocated_entry;
             current_chunk->use_count++;
+            current_chunk = next_chunk;
+            break; /* end chunk now */
+        } else if(next_chunk->deep > 1) {
+            ssize_t unmatch_index{-1};
+            for(size_t i{0}; i < next_chunk->deep - 1; i++) {
+                if(next_chunk->previous_chunks[byte_index + i] != address_chunks[byte_index + i]) {
+                    unmatch_index = i;
+                    break;
+                }
+            }
+
+            if(unmatch_index >= 0) {
+                auto allocated_entry = this->create_8bit_entry(byte_index + unmatch_index, false);
+                if(!allocated_entry) return false;
+
+                allocated_entry->deep = unmatch_index + 1;
+                allocated_entry->use_count++;
+                allocated_entry->data[next_chunk->previous_chunks[byte_index + unmatch_index]] = next_chunk;
+                memcpy(allocated_entry->previous_chunks, address_chunks, 15);
+
+                {
+                    std::lock_guard elock{this->entry_lock};
+                    next_chunk->deep = next_chunk->deep - unmatch_index - 1;
+                    next_chunk = allocated_entry;
+                }
+                current_chunk = next_chunk;
+                continue;
+            } else {
+                /* every bit matched we also have this nice jump */
+            }
         }
+
         current_chunk = next_chunk;
     }
 
@@ -167,119 +213,203 @@ bool ip_rounter::register_route(const sockaddr_storage &address, void *target, v
     return true;
 }
 
-ip_rounter::route_entry *ip_rounter::create_8bit_entry(size_t level) {
+ip_router::route_entry *ip_router::create_8bit_entry(size_t level, bool end_entry) {
-    ip_rounter::route_entry *result;
+    ip_router::route_entry *result;
 
     if(this->unused_nodes.empty())
-        result = new ip_rounter::route_entry{};
+        result = new ip_router::route_entry{};
     else {
         result = this->unused_nodes.front();
         this->unused_nodes.pop_front();
     }
 
     result->use_count = 0;
-    auto target = level == 0 ? nullptr : &ip_rounter::recursive_ends[level - 1];
+    if(end_entry) {
-    for(auto& data : result->data)
+        /* this is an end chunk now */
-        data = target;
+        result->deep = 16 - level;
+        for(auto& data : result->data)
+            data = nullptr;
+    } else {
+        assert(level <= 14);
+        result->deep = 1;
+
+        auto pointer = &ip_router::recursive_ends[15 - level - 1];
+        for(auto& data : result->data)
+            data = pointer;
+    }
 
     return result;
 }
 
-void *ip_rounter::reset_route(const sockaddr_storage &address) {
+void *ip_router::reset_route(const sockaddr_storage &address) {
     uint8_t address_chunks[16];
     address_to_chunks(address_chunks, address);
 
-    ip_rounter::route_entry* current_chunk = &this->root_entry;
+    ip_router::route_entry* current_chunk{&this->root_entry};
     std::lock_guard rlock{this->register_lock};
 
-    for(size_t index{0}; index < 15; index++) {
+    {
-        current_chunk = (ip_rounter::route_entry *) current_chunk->data[address_chunks[index]];
+        size_t byte_index{0};
-        if(current_chunk->is_const_entry()) return nullptr; /* route does not exists */
+        while(true) {
+            byte_index += current_chunk->deep;
+            if(byte_index == 16) break;
+            assert(byte_index < 16);
+
+            current_chunk = (ip_router::route_entry*) current_chunk->data[address_chunks[byte_index - 1]];
+            if(current_chunk->is_const_entry()) return nullptr;
+        };
+
+        if(memcmp(address_chunks, current_chunk->previous_chunks, 15) != 0)
+            return nullptr; /* route does not match */
     }
 
-    auto old = std::exchange(current_chunk->data[address_chunks[15]], nullptr);
+    auto old = current_chunk->data[address_chunks[15]];
-    if(!old) return nullptr; /* route does not exists */
+    if(!old) return nullptr;
 
     if(--current_chunk->use_count == 0) {
-        size_t chunk_index{14};
+        while(true) {
-        do {
+            size_t byte_index{0};
+
             current_chunk = &this->root_entry;
-            for(size_t index{0}; index < chunk_index; index++) {
+            while(true) {
-                current_chunk = (ip_rounter::route_entry *) current_chunk->data[address_chunks[index]];
+                byte_index += current_chunk->deep;
-                if(current_chunk->is_const_entry()) return nullptr; /* route does not exists */
+                if(byte_index == 16) break;
+                assert(byte_index < 16);
+
+                auto& next_chunk = (ip_router::route_entry*&) current_chunk->data[address_chunks[byte_index - 1]];
+                if(next_chunk->deep + byte_index == 16) {
+                    assert(next_chunk->use_count == 0);
+                    this->unused_nodes.push_back(next_chunk);
+
+                    /* this is the last chunk */
+                    next_chunk = &ip_router::recursive_ends[15 - byte_index];
+                    if(--current_chunk->use_count > 0) goto exit_delete_loop;
+                }
+
+                current_chunk = next_chunk;
             }
+        }
 
-            auto& chunk = (ip_rounter::route_entry *&) current_chunk->data[address_chunks[chunk_index]];
+        exit_delete_loop:;
-            assert(!chunk->is_const_entry());
-            assert(chunk->use_count == 0); /* already tested earlier in theory */
-
-            this->unused_nodes.push_back(chunk);
-            chunk = &ip_rounter::recursive_ends[15 - chunk_index - 1];
-
-            if(--current_chunk->use_count > 0) break;
-        } while(--chunk_index > 0);
     }
-
     return old;
 }
 
-void ip_rounter::cleanup_cache() {
+void ip_router::cleanup_cache() {
     std::lock_guard rlock{this->register_lock};
     for(auto node : this->unused_nodes)
         delete node;
     this->unused_nodes.clear();
 }
 
-bool ip_rounter::validate_chunk_entry(const ip_rounter::route_entry* current_entry, size_t level) const {
+bool ip_router::validate_chunk_entry(const ip_router::route_entry* current_entry, size_t level) const {
-    if(current_entry->is_const_entry() && level != 15) /* level 15 is the default root node which is const as well */
+    if(level == 0)
-        return current_entry == &ip_rounter::recursive_ends[level];
+        return true;
 
-    if(level == 0) return true;
+    if(current_entry->is_const_entry() && level != 16)
+        return level == current_entry->deep;
 
-    auto default_pointer = &ip_rounter::recursive_ends[level - 1];
+    auto default_pointer = &ip_router::recursive_ends[level - 1];
     for(const auto& data_ptr : current_entry->data) {
-        if(data_ptr == default_pointer) continue;
+        if(data_ptr == default_pointer)
-        if(!this->validate_chunk_entry((const ip_rounter::route_entry*) data_ptr, level - 1))
+            continue;
+
+        if(!this->validate_chunk_entry((const ip_router::route_entry*) data_ptr, level - current_entry->deep))
             return false;
     }
 
     return true;
 }
 
-bool ip_rounter::validate_tree() const {
+bool ip_router::validate_tree() const {
     std::lock_guard rlock{this->register_lock};
 
     /* first lets validate all const chunks */
     for(size_t index{0}; index < 16; index++) {
-        auto expected_pointer = index == 0 ? nullptr : &ip_rounter::recursive_ends[index - 1];
+        if(!ip_router::recursive_ends[index].is_const_entry())
-
-        if(!ip_rounter::recursive_ends[index].is_const_entry())
             return false;
 
-        for(const auto& data_ptr : ip_rounter::recursive_ends[index].data)
+        if(ip_router::recursive_ends[index].deep != index + 1)
-            if(data_ptr != expected_pointer)
+            return false;
+
+        for(const auto& data_ptr : ip_router::recursive_ends[index].data)
+            if(data_ptr)
                 return false;
     }
 
     /* not lets check our tree */
-    return this->validate_chunk_entry(&this->root_entry, 15);
+    return this->validate_chunk_entry(&this->root_entry, 16);
 }
 
-size_t ip_rounter::chunk_memory(const ip_rounter::route_entry *current_entry, size_t level) const {
+size_t ip_router::chunk_memory(const ip_router::route_entry *current_entry, size_t level) const {
-    size_t result{sizeof(ip_rounter::route_entry)};
+    size_t result{sizeof(ip_router::route_entry)};
 
+    level -= current_entry->deep;
     if(level > 0) {
         for(const auto& data_ptr : current_entry->data) {
-            auto entry = (const ip_rounter::route_entry*) data_ptr;
+            auto entry = (const ip_router::route_entry*) data_ptr;
             if(entry->is_const_entry()) continue;
 
-            result += chunk_memory(entry, level - 1);
+            result += chunk_memory(entry, level);
         }
     }
 
     return result;
 }
 
-size_t ip_rounter::used_memory() const {
+size_t ip_router::used_memory() const {
-    return this->chunk_memory(&this->root_entry, 15);
+    return this->chunk_memory(&this->root_entry, 16);
+}
+
+std::string ip_router::print_as_string() const {
+    std::string result{};
+    this->print_as_string(result, "", &this->root_entry, 16);
+    result += "Memory used: " + std::to_string(this->used_memory() / 1024) + "kb";
+    return result;
+}
+
+template <typename I>
+std::string n2hexstr(I w, size_t hex_len = sizeof(I)<<1) {
+    if(w == 0) return "0x0";
+    static const char* digits = "0123456789ABCDEF";
+    std::string rc(hex_len,'0');
+    for (size_t i=0, j=(hex_len-1)*4 ; i<hex_len; ++i,j-=4)
+        rc[i] = digits[(w >> j) & 0x0f];
+    size_t lz{0};
+    for(;lz < rc.length() && rc[lz] == '0'; lz++);
+    return "0x" + rc.substr(lz);
+}
+
+template <typename T>
+inline std::string padded_num(T value) {
+    auto result = std::to_string(value);
+    return result.length() > 3 ? "" : std::string(3 - result.length(), '0') + result;
+}
+
+void ip_router::print_as_string(std::string& result, const std::string& indent, const ip_router::route_entry *current_entry, size_t level) const {
+    level -= current_entry->deep;
+
+    size_t range_begin{0};
+    for(size_t i = 0; i <= 0xFF; i++) {
+        auto entry = (const ip_router::route_entry*) current_entry->data[i];
+        if(level == 0 ? !entry : entry->is_const_entry()) continue;
+
+        if(i > 0) {
+            if(range_begin < i - 1)
+                result += indent + padded_num(range_begin) + ".." + padded_num(i - 1) + ": empty\n";
+            else if(range_begin == i - 1)
+                result += indent + padded_num(range_begin) + ": empty\n";
+        }
+
+        if(level == 0) {
+            result += indent + padded_num(i) + ": " + n2hexstr((uintptr_t) entry) + "\n";
+        } else {
+            result += indent + padded_num(i) + ": " + n2hexstr((uintptr_t) entry) + " (used by: " + std::to_string(entry->use_count) + ", deph: " + std::to_string(entry->deep) + ")\n";
+            this->print_as_string(result, indent + "  ", entry, level);
+        }
+        range_begin = i + 1;
+    }
+
+    if(range_begin < 0xFF)
+        result += indent + padded_num(range_begin) + "..255: empty\n";
 }

src/misc/ip_router.h

@@ -8,31 +8,38 @@
 #include <shared_mutex>
 
 namespace ts::network {
-    class ip_rounter {
+    class ip_router {
             /* currently its not possible to change this! */
             constexpr static auto bits_per_entry{8U}; /* must be a multiple of 2! */
+            constexpr static auto total_bits{128U};
         public:
             struct route_entry {
                 constexpr static auto const_flag_mask = 0x80000000ULL;
                 route_entry() noexcept = default;
                 ~route_entry() = default;
 
-                uint32_t use_count;
+                struct {
+                    uint8_t deep;
+                    uint8_t previous_chunks[(total_bits - bits_per_entry) / 8]; /* subtract the last entry because we do not need a special check there */
+                    uint32_t use_count; /* could be size_t as well :) */
+                } __attribute__((packed));
+
                 void* data[1U << (bits_per_entry + 1)];
 
                 [[nodiscard]] inline bool is_const_entry() const { return (this->use_count & const_flag_mask) > 0; }
             };
+
             static_assert(std::is_trivially_destructible<route_entry>::value);
             static_assert(std::is_trivially_constructible<route_entry>::value);
 
 
-            ip_rounter();
+            ip_router();
-            ~ip_rounter();
+            ~ip_router();
 
             void cleanup_cache();
             [[nodiscard]] bool validate_tree() const;
             [[nodiscard]] size_t used_memory() const;
-
+            [[nodiscard]] std::string print_as_string() const;
             /**
              * @return Whatever the route register succeeded to initialize
              */
@@ -60,8 +67,9 @@ namespace ts::network {
             spin_lock entry_lock{};
             route_entry root_entry{};
 
-            route_entry* create_8bit_entry(size_t /* level */);
+            route_entry* create_8bit_entry(size_t /* level */, bool /* as end entry */);
-            bool validate_chunk_entry(const ip_rounter::route_entry* current_entry, size_t level) const;
+            bool validate_chunk_entry(const ip_router::route_entry* /* current entry */, size_t /* level */) const;
-            size_t chunk_memory(const ip_rounter::route_entry* current_entry, size_t level) const;
+            size_t chunk_memory(const ip_router::route_entry* /* current entry */, size_t /* level */) const;
+            void print_as_string(std::string& /* output */, const std::string& /* indent */, const ip_router::route_entry* /* current entry */, size_t /* level */) const;
     };
 }

test/ip_router.cpp

@@ -0,0 +1,173 @@
+#include <assert.h>
+#include <iostream>
+#include <src/misc/net.h>
+#include <netinet/in.h>
+#include "src/misc/ip_router.h"
+
+using namespace ts::network;
+
+inline sockaddr_storage address(const std::string& address) {
+    sockaddr_storage result{};
+    memset(&result, 0, sizeof(result));
+    net::resolve_address(address, result);
+    return result;
+}
+
+inline void resolve(ip_router& router, const std::string& address_str) {
+    std::cout << address_str << " -> " << router.resolve(address(address_str)) << std::endl;
+}
+
+/*
+IPv6 & 15000 iterations
+0% misses:
+Time per resolve: 608ns
+50% misses:
+Time per resolve: 448ns
+100% misses:
+Time per resolve: 30ns
+
+IPv6 & 15000 iterations & shared mutex
+0% misses:
+Time per resolve: 848ns
+50% misses:
+Time per resolve: 602ns
+100% misses:
+Time per resolve: 39ns
+
+IPv6 & 15000 iterations & spin lock
+0% misses:
+Time per resolve: 743ns
+50% misses:
+Time per resolve: 510ns
+100% misses:
+Time per resolve: 29ns
+
+
+New system:
+0% misses:
+Time per resolve: 149ns
+Used memory: 67.155kb
+50% misses:
+Time per resolve: 71ns
+Used memory: 32.501kb
+100% misses:
+Time per resolve: 14ns
+Used memory: 4kb
+ */
+
+inline void benchmark_resolve() {
+    const auto iterations = 500;
+
+    std::vector<sockaddr_storage> addresses{};
+
+    /* generate addresses */
+    {
+        const auto rnd = []{
+            return (uint32_t) ((uint8_t) ::rand());
+        };
+
+        for(int i = 0; i < iterations; i++) {
+            auto& address = addresses.emplace_back();
+            address.ss_family = AF_INET;
+
+            auto address4 = (sockaddr_in*) &address;
+            address4->sin_addr.s_addr = (rnd() << 24U) | (rnd() << 16U) | (rnd() << 8U) | (rnd() << 0U);
+        }
+#if 0
+        for(int i = 0; i < iterations; i++) {
+            auto& address = addresses.emplace_back();
+            address.ss_family = AF_INET6;
+
+            auto address6 = (sockaddr_in6*) &address;
+            for(auto& part : address6->sin6_addr.__in6_u.__u6_addr8)
+                part = rand();
+        }
+#endif
+
+    }
+
+    for(auto missPercentage : {0, 50, 100}) {
+        std::cout << missPercentage << "% misses:\n";
+
+        ip_router rounter{};
+        for(auto& address : addresses) {
+            if((::rand() % 100) < missPercentage) continue;
+
+            rounter.register_route(address, &address, nullptr);
+        }
+
+        /* resolve */
+        {
+            auto begin = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
+            size_t index{0};
+            for(auto& address : addresses) {
+                index++;
+                auto result = rounter.resolve(address);
+                (void) result;
+                //if(missPercentage == 0 && memcmp(result, &address, sizeof(address)) != 0)
+                //    __asm__("nop");
+            }
+            auto end = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
+            std::cout << "Total time: " << std::chrono::ceil<std::chrono::microseconds>(end - begin).count() << "us\n";
+            std::cout << "Time per resolve: " << std::chrono::ceil<std::chrono::nanoseconds>(end - begin).count() / iterations << "ns\n";
+            std::cout << "Used memory: " << rounter.used_memory() / 1024 << "kb" << std::endl;
+            __asm__("nop");
+
+            if(missPercentage == 0)
+                ;//std::cout << "Tree:\n" << rounter.print_as_string() << "\n";
+        }
+    }
+
+
+
+    /* resolve */
+    {
+        std::cout << "List iterate:\n";
+        auto begin = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
+        for(auto& address : addresses) {
+            for(auto& addressB : addresses)
+                if(memcmp(&address, &addressB, sizeof(sockaddr_storage)) == 0)
+                    break;
+        }
+        auto end = std::chrono::system_clock::now();
+        std::cout << "Total time: " << std::chrono::ceil<std::chrono::microseconds>(end - begin).count() << "us\n";
+        std::cout << "Time per resolve: " << std::chrono::ceil<std::chrono::nanoseconds>(end - begin).count() / iterations << "ns\n";
+    }
+}
+
+int main() {
+#if 0
+    ip_router rounter{};
+    assert(rounter.validate_tree());
+
+    resolve(rounter, "127.0.0.1");
+
+    rounter.register_route(address("127.0.0.1"), (void*) 0x127001);
+    assert(rounter.validate_tree());
+    resolve(rounter, "127.0.0.1");
+
+    rounter.register_route(address("127.0.0.2"), (void*) 0x127002);
+    assert(rounter.validate_tree());
+    resolve(rounter, "127.0.0.2");
+    resolve(rounter, "127.0.1.2");
+
+    rounter.register_route(address("127.0.1.2"), (void*) 0x127012);
+    resolve(rounter, "127.0.0.2");
+    resolve(rounter, "127.0.1.2");
+
+    std::cout << "Tree:\n" << rounter.print_as_string() << "\n";
+
+    rounter.reset_route(address("127.0.0.1"));
+    assert(rounter.validate_tree());
+    resolve(rounter, "127.0.0.1");
+    resolve(rounter, "127.0.0.2");
+
+    rounter.reset_route(address("127.0.0.2"));
+    assert(rounter.validate_tree());
+    resolve(rounter, "127.0.0.1");
+    resolve(rounter, "127.0.0.2");
+#endif
+
+    benchmark_resolve();
+    return 0;
+}