337 lines
12 KiB
Groff
337 lines
12 KiB
Groff
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.\" ========================================================================
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.\"
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.IX Title "CA.PL 1"
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.TH CA.PL 1 "2020-03-02" "3.0.0-dev" "OpenSSL"
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.\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
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.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
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.if n .ad l
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.nh
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.SH "NAME"
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CA.pl \- friendlier interface for OpenSSL certificate programs
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.SH "SYNOPSIS"
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.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
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\&\fB\s-1CA\s0.pl\fR
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\&\fB\-?\fR |
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\&\fB\-h\fR |
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\&\fB\-help\fR
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.PP
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\&\fB\s-1CA\s0.pl\fR
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\&\fB\-newcert\fR |
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\&\fB\-newreq\fR |
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\&\fB\-newreq\-nodes\fR |
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\&\fB\-xsign\fR |
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\&\fB\-sign\fR |
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\&\fB\-signCA\fR |
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\&\fB\-signcert\fR |
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\&\fB\-crl\fR |
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\&\fB\-newca\fR
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[\fB\-extra\-cmd\fR \fIextra-params\fR]
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.PP
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\&\fB\s-1CA\s0.pl\fR \fB\-pkcs12\fR [\fB\-extra\-pkcs12\fR \fIextra-params\fR] [\fIcertname\fR]
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.PP
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\&\fB\s-1CA\s0.pl\fR \fB\-verify\fR [\fB\-extra\-verify\fR \fIextra-params\fR] \fIcertfile\fR ...
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.PP
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\&\fB\s-1CA\s0.pl\fR \fB\-revoke\fR [\fB\-extra\-ca\fR \fIextra-params\fR] \fIcertfile\fR [\fIreason\fR]
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.SH "DESCRIPTION"
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.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
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The \fB\s-1CA\s0.pl\fR script is a perl script that supplies the relevant command line
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arguments to the \fIopenssl\fR\|(1) command for some common certificate operations.
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It is intended to simplify the process of certificate creation and management
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by the use of some simple options.
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.SH "OPTIONS"
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.IX Header "OPTIONS"
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.IP "\fB?\fR, \fB\-h\fR, \fB\-help\fR" 4
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.IX Item "?, -h, -help"
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Prints a usage message.
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.IP "\fB\-newcert\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-newcert"
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Creates a new self signed certificate. The private key is written to the file
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\&\fInewkey.pem\fR and the request written to the file \fInewreq.pem\fR.
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Invokes \fIopenssl\-req\fR\|(1).
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.IP "\fB\-newreq\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-newreq"
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Creates a new certificate request. The private key is written to the file
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\&\fInewkey.pem\fR and the request written to the file \fInewreq.pem\fR.
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Executes \fIopenssl\-req\fR\|(1) under the hood.
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.IP "\fB\-newreq\-nodes\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-newreq-nodes"
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Is like \fB\-newreq\fR except that the private key will not be encrypted.
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Uses \fIopenssl\-req\fR\|(1).
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.IP "\fB\-newca\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-newca"
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Creates a new \s-1CA\s0 hierarchy for use with the \fBca\fR program (or the \fB\-signcert\fR
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and \fB\-xsign\fR options). The user is prompted to enter the filename of the \s-1CA\s0
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certificates (which should also contain the private key) or by hitting \s-1ENTER\s0
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details of the \s-1CA\s0 will be prompted for. The relevant files and directories
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are created in a directory called \fIdemoCA\fR in the current directory.
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Uses \fIopenssl\-req\fR\|(1) and \fIopenssl\-ca\fR\|(1).
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.IP "\fB\-pkcs12\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-pkcs12"
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Create a PKCS#12 file containing the user certificate, private key and \s-1CA\s0
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certificate. It expects the user certificate and private key to be in the
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file \fInewcert.pem\fR and the \s-1CA\s0 certificate to be in the file \fIdemoCA/cacert.pem\fR,
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it creates a file \fInewcert.p12\fR. This command can thus be called after the
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\&\fB\-sign\fR option. The PKCS#12 file can be imported directly into a browser.
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If there is an additional argument on the command line it will be used as the
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\&\*(L"friendly name\*(R" for the certificate (which is typically displayed in the browser
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list box), otherwise the name \*(L"My Certificate\*(R" is used.
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Delegates work to \fIopenssl\-pkcs12\fR\|(1).
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.IP "\fB\-sign\fR, \fB\-signcert\fR, \fB\-xsign\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-sign, -signcert, -xsign"
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Calls the \fIopenssl\-ca\fR\|(1) command to sign a certificate request. It expects the
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request to be in the file \fInewreq.pem\fR. The new certificate is written to the
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file \fInewcert.pem\fR except in the case of the \fB\-xsign\fR option when it is
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written to standard output.
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.IP "\fB\-signCA\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-signCA"
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This option is the same as the \fB\-signreq\fR option except it uses the
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configuration file section \fBv3_ca\fR and so makes the signed request a
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valid \s-1CA\s0 certificate. This is useful when creating intermediate \s-1CA\s0 from
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a root \s-1CA\s0. Extra params are passed to \fIopenssl\-ca\fR\|(1).
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.IP "\fB\-signcert\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-signcert"
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This option is the same as \fB\-sign\fR except it expects a self signed certificate
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to be present in the file \fInewreq.pem\fR.
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Extra params are passed to \fIopenssl\-x509\fR\|(1) and \fIopenssl\-ca\fR\|(1).
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.IP "\fB\-crl\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-crl"
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Generate a \s-1CRL\s0. Executes \fIopenssl\-ca\fR\|(1).
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.IP "\fB\-revoke\fR \fIcertfile\fR [\fIreason\fR]" 4
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.IX Item "-revoke certfile [reason]"
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Revoke the certificate contained in the specified \fBcertfile\fR. An optional
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reason may be specified, and must be one of: \fBunspecified\fR,
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\&\fBkeyCompromise\fR, \fBCACompromise\fR, \fBaffiliationChanged\fR, \fBsuperseded\fR,
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\&\fBcessationOfOperation\fR, \fBcertificateHold\fR, or \fBremoveFromCRL\fR.
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Leverages \fIopenssl\-ca\fR\|(1).
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.IP "\fB\-verify\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-verify"
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Verifies certificates against the \s-1CA\s0 certificate for \fIdemoCA\fR. If no
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certificates are specified on the command line it tries to verify the file
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\&\fInewcert.pem\fR. Invokes \fIopenssl\-verify\fR\|(1).
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.IP "\fB\-extra\-req\fR | \fB\-extra\-ca\fR | \fB\-extra\-pkcs12\fR | \fB\-extra\-x509\fR | \fB\-extra\-verify\fR \fIextra-params\fR" 4
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.IX Item "-extra-req | -extra-ca | -extra-pkcs12 | -extra-x509 | -extra-verify extra-params"
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For each option \fBextra\-\f(BIcmd\fB\fR, pass \fIextra-params\fR to the \fIopenssl\fR\|(1)
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sub-command with the same name as \fIcmd\fR, if that sub-command is invoked.
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For example, if \fIopenssl\-req\fR\|(1) is invoked, the \fIextra-params\fR given with
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\&\fB\-extra\-req\fR will be passed to it.
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Users should consult \fIopenssl\fR\|(1) command documentation for more information.
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.SH "EXAMPLES"
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.IX Header "EXAMPLES"
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Create a \s-1CA\s0 hierarchy:
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.PP
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.Vb 1
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\& CA.pl \-newca
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.Ve
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.PP
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Complete certificate creation example: create a \s-1CA\s0, create a request, sign
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the request and finally create a PKCS#12 file containing it.
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.PP
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.Vb 4
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\& CA.pl \-newca
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\& CA.pl \-newreq
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\& CA.pl \-signreq
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\& CA.pl \-pkcs12 "My Test Certificate"
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.Ve
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.SH "DSA CERTIFICATES"
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.IX Header "DSA CERTIFICATES"
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Although the \fB\s-1CA\s0.pl\fR creates \s-1RSA\s0 CAs and requests it is still possible to
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use it with \s-1DSA\s0 certificates and requests using the \fIopenssl\-req\fR\|(1) command
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directly. The following example shows the steps that would typically be taken.
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.PP
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Create some \s-1DSA\s0 parameters:
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.PP
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.Vb 1
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\& openssl dsaparam \-out dsap.pem 1024
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.Ve
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.PP
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Create a \s-1DSA\s0 \s-1CA\s0 certificate and private key:
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.PP
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.Vb 1
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\& openssl req \-x509 \-newkey dsa:dsap.pem \-keyout cacert.pem \-out cacert.pem
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.Ve
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.PP
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Create the \s-1CA\s0 directories and files:
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.PP
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.Vb 1
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\& CA.pl \-newca
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.Ve
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.PP
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enter a filename (for example, \fIcacert.pem\fR) when prompted for the \s-1CA\s0 file
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name.
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.PP
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Create a \s-1DSA\s0 certificate request and private key (a different set of parameters
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can optionally be created first):
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.PP
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.Vb 1
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\& openssl req \-out newreq.pem \-newkey dsa:dsap.pem
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.Ve
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.PP
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Sign the request:
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.PP
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.Vb 1
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\& CA.pl \-signreq
|
||
|
|
.Ve
|
||
|
|
.SH "NOTES"
|
||
|
|
.IX Header "NOTES"
|
||
|
|
Most of the filenames mentioned can be modified by editing the \fB\s-1CA\s0.pl\fR script.
|
||
|
|
.PP
|
||
|
|
If the demoCA directory already exists then the \fB\-newca\fR command will not
|
||
|
|
overwrite it and will do nothing. This can happen if a previous call using
|
||
|
|
the \fB\-newca\fR option terminated abnormally. To get the correct behaviour
|
||
|
|
delete the demoCA directory if it already exists.
|
||
|
|
.PP
|
||
|
|
Under some environments it may not be possible to run the \fB\s-1CA\s0.pl\fR script
|
||
|
|
directly (for example Win32) and the default configuration file location may
|
||
|
|
be wrong. In this case the command:
|
||
|
|
.PP
|
||
|
|
.Vb 1
|
||
|
|
\& perl \-S CA.pl
|
||
|
|
.Ve
|
||
|
|
.PP
|
||
|
|
can be used and the \fB\s-1OPENSSL_CONF\s0\fR environment variable changed to point to
|
||
|
|
the correct path of the configuration file.
|
||
|
|
.PP
|
||
|
|
The script is intended as a simple front end for the \fIopenssl\fR\|(1) program for
|
||
|
|
use by a beginner. Its behaviour isn't always what is wanted. For more control
|
||
|
|
over the behaviour of the certificate commands call the \fIopenssl\fR\|(1) command
|
||
|
|
directly.
|
||
|
|
.SH "SEE ALSO"
|
||
|
|
.IX Header "SEE ALSO"
|
||
|
|
\&\fIopenssl\fR\|(1),
|
||
|
|
\&\fIopenssl\-x509\fR\|(1),
|
||
|
|
\&\fIopenssl\-ca\fR\|(1),
|
||
|
|
\&\fIopenssl\-req\fR\|(1),
|
||
|
|
\&\fIopenssl\-pkcs12\fR\|(1),
|
||
|
|
\&\fIconfig\fR\|(5)
|
||
|
|
.SH "COPYRIGHT"
|
||
|
|
.IX Header "COPYRIGHT"
|
||
|
|
Copyright 2000\-2017 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.
|
||
|
|
.PP
|
||
|
|
Licensed under the Apache License 2.0 (the \*(L"License\*(R"). You may not use
|
||
|
|
this file except in compliance with the License. You can obtain a copy
|
||
|
|
in the file \s-1LICENSE\s0 in the source distribution or at
|
||
|
|
<https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html>.
|