257 lines
9.6 KiB
Groff
Executable File
257 lines
9.6 KiB
Groff
Executable File
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.\" ========================================================================
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.\"
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.IX Title "PEM_READ 3"
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.TH PEM_READ 3 "2020-03-02" "3.0.0-dev" "OpenSSL"
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.\" For nroff, turn off justification. Always turn off hyphenation; it makes
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.\" way too many mistakes in technical documents.
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.if n .ad l
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.nh
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.SH "NAME"
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PEM_write, PEM_write_bio,
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PEM_read, PEM_read_bio, PEM_do_header, PEM_get_EVP_CIPHER_INFO
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\&\- PEM encoding routines
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.SH "SYNOPSIS"
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.IX Header "SYNOPSIS"
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.Vb 1
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\& #include <openssl/pem.h>
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\&
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\& int PEM_write(FILE *fp, const char *name, const char *header,
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\& const unsigned char *data, long len)
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\& int PEM_write_bio(BIO *bp, const char *name, const char *header,
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\& const unsigned char *data, long len)
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\&
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\& int PEM_read(FILE *fp, char **name, char **header,
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\& unsigned char **data, long *len);
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\& int PEM_read_bio(BIO *bp, char **name, char **header,
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\& unsigned char **data, long *len);
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\&
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\& int PEM_get_EVP_CIPHER_INFO(char *header, EVP_CIPHER_INFO *cinfo);
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\& int PEM_do_header(EVP_CIPHER_INFO *cinfo, unsigned char *data, long *len,
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\& pem_password_cb *cb, void *u);
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.Ve
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.SH "DESCRIPTION"
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.IX Header "DESCRIPTION"
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These functions read and write PEM-encoded objects, using the \s-1PEM\s0
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type \fBname\fR, any additional \fBheader\fR information, and the raw
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\&\fBdata\fR of length \fBlen\fR.
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.PP
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\&\s-1PEM\s0 is the term used for binary content encoding first defined in \s-1IETF\s0
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\&\s-1RFC\s0 1421. The content is a series of base64\-encoded lines, surrounded
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by begin/end markers each on their own line. For example:
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.PP
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.Vb 4
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\& \-\-\-\-\-BEGIN PRIVATE KEY\-\-\-\-\-
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\& MIICdg....
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\& ... bhTQ==
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\& \-\-\-\-\-END PRIVATE KEY\-\-\-\-\-
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.Ve
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.PP
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Optional header line(s) may appear after the begin line, and their
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existence depends on the type of object being written or read.
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.PP
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\&\fIPEM_write()\fR writes to the file \fBfp\fR, while \fIPEM_write_bio()\fR writes to
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the \s-1BIO\s0 \fBbp\fR. The \fBname\fR is the name to use in the marker, the
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\&\fBheader\fR is the header value or \s-1NULL\s0, and \fBdata\fR and \fBlen\fR specify
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the data and its length.
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.PP
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The final \fBdata\fR buffer is typically an \s-1ASN\s0.1 object which can be decoded with
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the \fBd2i\fR function appropriate to the type \fBname\fR; see \fId2i_X509\fR\|(3)
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for examples.
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.PP
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\&\fIPEM_read()\fR reads from the file \fBfp\fR, while \fIPEM_read_bio()\fR reads
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from the \s-1BIO\s0 \fBbp\fR.
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Both skip any non-PEM data that precedes the start of the next \s-1PEM\s0 object.
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When an object is successfully retrieved, the type name from the \*(L"\-\-\-\-BEGIN
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<type>\-\-\-\-\-\*(R" is returned via the \fBname\fR argument, any encapsulation headers
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are returned in \fBheader\fR and the base64\-decoded content and its length are
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returned via \fBdata\fR and \fBlen\fR respectively.
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The \fBname\fR, \fBheader\fR and \fBdata\fR pointers are allocated via \fIOPENSSL_malloc()\fR
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and should be freed by the caller via \fIOPENSSL_free()\fR when no longer needed.
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.PP
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\&\fIPEM_get_EVP_CIPHER_INFO()\fR can be used to determine the \fBdata\fR returned by
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\&\fIPEM_read()\fR or \fIPEM_read_bio()\fR is encrypted and to retrieve the associated cipher
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and \s-1IV\s0.
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The caller passes a pointer to structure of type \fB\s-1EVP_CIPHER_INFO\s0\fR via the
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\&\fBcinfo\fR argument and the \fBheader\fR returned via \fIPEM_read()\fR or \fIPEM_read_bio()\fR.
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If the call is successful 1 is returned and the cipher and \s-1IV\s0 are stored at the
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address pointed to by \fBcinfo\fR.
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When the header is malformed, or not supported or when the cipher is unknown
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or some internal error happens 0 is returned.
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This function is deprecated, see \fB\s-1NOTES\s0\fR below.
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.PP
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\&\fIPEM_do_header()\fR can then be used to decrypt the data if the header
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indicates encryption.
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The \fBcinfo\fR argument is a pointer to the structure initialized by the previous
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call to \fIPEM_get_EVP_CIPHER_INFO()\fR.
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The \fBdata\fR and \fBlen\fR arguments are those returned by the previous call to
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\&\fIPEM_read()\fR or \fIPEM_read_bio()\fR.
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The \fBcb\fR and \fBu\fR arguments make it possible to override the default password
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prompt function as described in \fIPEM_read_PrivateKey\fR\|(3).
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On successful completion the \fBdata\fR is decrypted in place, and \fBlen\fR is
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updated to indicate the plaintext length.
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This function is deprecated, see \fB\s-1NOTES\s0\fR below.
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.PP
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If the data is a priori known to not be encrypted, then neither \fIPEM_do_header()\fR
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nor \fIPEM_get_EVP_CIPHER_INFO()\fR need be called.
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.SH "RETURN VALUES"
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.IX Header "RETURN VALUES"
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\&\fIPEM_read()\fR and \fIPEM_read_bio()\fR return 1 on success and 0 on failure, the latter
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includes the case when no more \s-1PEM\s0 objects remain in the input file.
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To distinguish end of file from more serious errors the caller must peek at the
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error stack and check for \fB\s-1PEM_R_NO_START_LINE\s0\fR, which indicates that no more
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\&\s-1PEM\s0 objects were found. See \fIERR_peek_last_error\fR\|(3), \s-1\fIERR_GET_REASON\s0\fR\|(3).
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.PP
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\&\fIPEM_get_EVP_CIPHER_INFO()\fR and \fIPEM_do_header()\fR return 1 on success, and 0 on
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failure.
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The \fBdata\fR is likely meaningless if these functions fail.
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.SH "NOTES"
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.IX Header "NOTES"
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The \fIPEM_get_EVP_CIPHER_INFO()\fR and \fIPEM_do_header()\fR functions are deprecated.
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This is because the underlying \s-1PEM\s0 encryption format is obsolete, and should
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be avoided.
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It uses an encryption format with an OpenSSL-specific key-derivation function,
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which employs \s-1MD5\s0 with an iteration count of 1!
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Instead, private keys should be stored in PKCS#8 form, with a strong PKCS#5
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v2.0 \s-1PBE\s0.
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See \fIPEM_write_PrivateKey\fR\|(3) and \fId2i_PKCS8PrivateKey_bio\fR\|(3).
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.PP
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\&\fIPEM_do_header()\fR makes no assumption regarding the pass phrase received from the
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password callback.
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It will simply be treated as a byte sequence.
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.SH "SEE ALSO"
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.IX Header "SEE ALSO"
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\&\fIERR_peek_last_error\fR\|(3), \s-1\fIERR_GET_LIB\s0\fR\|(3),
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\&\fId2i_PKCS8PrivateKey_bio\fR\|(3),
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\&\fIpassphrase\-encoding\fR\|(7)
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.SH "COPYRIGHT"
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.IX Header "COPYRIGHT"
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Copyright 1998\-2018 The OpenSSL Project Authors. All Rights Reserved.
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.PP
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Licensed under the Apache License 2.0 (the \*(L"License\*(R"). You may not use
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this file except in compliance with the License. You can obtain a copy
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in the file \s-1LICENSE\s0 in the source distribution or at
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<https://www.openssl.org/source/license.html>.
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