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Add doc for CCM Authentication full set of functions

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Change-Id: I2830ea3c04fd0410cc12137be41e6c511c4a47fe
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Pascal Brand 2014-11-03 10:25:40 +01:00 committed by Steffen Jaeckel
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crypt.tex
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@ -1511,9 +1511,91 @@ Similarly, this will OCB decrypt, and compare the internally computed tag agains
appropriately. appropriately.
\subsection{CCM Mode} \subsection{CCM Mode}
CCM is a NIST proposal for encrypt + authenticate that is centered around using AES (or any 16--byte cipher) as a primitive. Unlike EAX and OCB mode, CCM is a NIST proposal for encrypt + authenticate that is centered around using AES (or any 16--byte cipher) as a primitive.
it is only meant for \textit{packet} mode where the length of the input is known in advance. Since it is a packet mode function, CCM only has one
function that performs the protocol. \subsubsection{Initialization}
To initialize the CCM context with a secret key call the following function.
\index{ccm\_init()}
\begin{verbatim}
int ccm_init( ccm_state *ccm,
int cipher,
const unsigned char *key,
int keylen,
int ptlen,
int taglen,
int aadlen);
\end{verbatim}
This initializes the CCM state \textit{ccm} for the given cipher indexed by \textit{cipher}, with a secret key \textit{key} of length \textit{keylen} octets. The cipher
chosen must have a 16--byte block size (e.g., AES).
Unlike EAX and OCB mode, CCM is only meant for \textit{packet} mode where the length of the input is known in advance. This is why the length of the stream
to authenticate is given as \textit{ptlen}.
With CCM, a header is meta--data you want to send with the message but not have encrypted. The header len is given in the init
as \textit{aadlen}.
\subsubsection{Nonce Vector}
After the state has been initialized (or reset) the next step is to add the session (or packet) initial vector. It should be unique per packet encrypted.
\index{ccm\_add\_nonce()}
\begin{verbatim}
int ccm_add_nonce( ccm_state *ccm,
const unsigned char *nonce,
unsigned long noncelen);
\end{verbatim}
This adds the nonce or salt is \textit{nonce} of length \textit{noncelen} octets to the CCM state \textit{ccm}. Note that this function must be called
once and only once.
\subsubsection{Additional Authentication Data}
The header is meta--data you want to send with the message but not have encrypted, it is stored in \textit{adata} of length \textit{adatalen} octets.
\index{ccm\_add\_aad()}
\begin{verbatim}
int ccm_add_aad( ccm_state *ccm,
const unsigned char *adata,
unsigned long adatalen);
\end{verbatim}
This adds the additional authentication data \textit{adata} of length \textit{adatalen} to the CCM state \textit{ccm}.
\subsubsection{Plaintext Processing}
After the AAD has been processed, the plaintext (or ciphertext depending on the direction) can be processed.
\index{ccm\_process()}
\begin{verbatim}
int ccm_process(ccm_state *ccm,
unsigned char *pt,
unsigned long ptlen,
unsigned char *ct,
int direction);
\end{verbatim}
This processes message data where \textit{pt} is the plaintext and \textit{ct} is the ciphertext. The length of both are equal and stored in \textit{ptlen}. Depending on
the mode \textit{pt} is the input and \textit{ct} is the output (or vice versa). When \textit{direction} equals \textbf{CCM\_ENCRYPT} the plaintext is read,
encrypted and stored in the ciphertext buffer. When \textit{direction} equals \textbf{CCM\_DECRYPT} the opposite occurs.
\subsubsection{State Termination}
To terminate a CCM state and retrieve the message authentication tag call the following function.
\index{ccm\_done()}
\begin{verbatim}
int ccm_done( ccm_state *ccm,
unsigned char *tag,
unsigned long *taglen);
\end{verbatim}
This terminates the CCM state \textit{ccm} and stores the tag in \textit{tag} of length \textit{taglen} octets.
\subsubsection{State Reset}
The call to ccm\_init() will perform considerable pre--computation and if you're going to be dealing with a lot of packets
it is very costly to have to call it repeatedly. To aid in this endeavour, the reset function has been provided.
\index{ccm\_reset()}
\begin{verbatim}
int ccm_reset(ccm_state *ccm);
\end{verbatim}
This will reset the CCM state \textit{ccm} to the state that ccm\_init() left it. The user would then call ccm\_add\_nonce(), ccm\_add\_aad(), etc.
\subsubsection{One--Shot Packet}
To process a single packet under any given key the following helper function can be used.
\index{ccm\_memory()} \index{ccm\_memory()}
\begin{verbatim} \begin{verbatim}
@ -1529,86 +1611,107 @@ int ccm_memory(
int direction); int direction);
\end{verbatim} \end{verbatim}
This performs the \textit{CCM} operation on the data. The \textit{cipher} variable indicates which cipher in the descriptor table to use. It must have a This will initialize the CCM state with the given key, nonce and AAD value then proceed to encrypt or decrypt the message text and store the final
16--byte block size for CCM. message tag. The definition of the variables is the same as it is for all the manual functions.
The key can be specified in one of two fashions. First, it can be passed as an array of octets in \textit{key} of length \textit{keylen}. Alternatively, If you are processing many packets under the same key you shouldn't use this function as it invokes the pre--computation with each call.
it can be passed in as a previously scheduled key in \textit{uskey}. The latter fashion saves time when the same key is used for multiple packets. If
\textit{uskey} is not \textbf{NULL}, then \textit{key} may be \textbf{NULL} (and vice-versa).
The nonce or salt is \textit{nonce} of length \textit{noncelen} octets. The header is meta--data you want to send with the message but not have \subsubsection{Example Usage}
encrypted, it is stored in \textit{header} of length \textit{headerlen} octets. The header can be zero octets long (if $headerlen = 0$ then The following is an example usage of how to use CCM over multiple packets with a shared secret key.
you can pass \textit{header} as \textbf{NULL}).
The plaintext is stored in \textit{pt}, and the ciphertext in \textit{ct}. The length of both are expected to be equal and is passed in as \textit{ptlen}. It is
allowable that $pt = ct$. The \textit{direction} variable indicates whether encryption (direction $=$ \textbf{CCM\_ENCRYPT}) or
decryption (direction $=$ \textbf{CCM\_DECRYPT}) is to be performed.
As implemented, this version of CCM cannot handle header or plaintext data longer than $2^{32} - 1$ octets long.
You can test the implementation of CCM with the following function.
\index{ccm\_test()}
\begin{verbatim}
int ccm_test(void);
\end{verbatim}
This will return \textbf{CRYPT\_OK} if the CCM routine passes known test vectors. It requires AES or Rijndael to be registered previously, otherwise it will
return \textbf{CRYPT\_NOP}.
\subsubsection{CCM Example}
The following is a sample of how to call CCM.
\begin{small} \begin{small}
\begin{verbatim} \begin{verbatim}
#include <tomcrypt.h> #include <tomcrypt.h>
int send_packet(const unsigned char *pt, unsigned long ptlen,
const unsigned char *nonce, unsigned long noncelen,
const unsigned char *aad, unsigned long aadlen,
ccm_state *ccm)
{
int err;
unsigned long taglen;
unsigned char tag[16];
/* reset the state */
if ((err = ccm_reset(ccm)) != CRYPT_OK) {
return err;
}
/* Add the nonce */
if ((err = ccm_add_nonce(ccm, nonce, noncelen)) != CRYPT_OK) {
return err;
}
/* Add the AAD (note: aad can be NULL if aadlen == 0) */
if ((err = ccm_add_aad(ccm, aad, aadlen)) != CRYPT_OK) {
return err;
}
/* process the plaintext */
if ((err =
ccm_process(ccm, pt, ptlen, pt, CCM_ENCRYPT)) != CRYPT_OK) {
return err;
}
/* Finish up and get the MAC tag */
taglen = sizeof(tag);
if ((err = ccm_done(ccm, tag, &taglen)) != CRYPT_OK) {
return err;
}
/* ... send a header describing the lengths ... */
/* depending on the protocol and how nonce is
* generated you may have to send it too... */
send(socket, nonce, noncelen, 0);
/* send the aad */
send(socket, aad, aadlen, 0);
/* send the ciphertext */
send(socket, pt, ptlen, 0);
/* send the tag */
send(socket, tag, taglen, 0);
return CRYPT_OK;
}
int main(void) int main(void)
{ {
unsigned char key[16], nonce[12], pt[32], ct[32], ccm_state ccm;
tag[16], tagcp[16]; unsigned char key[16], NONCE[12], pt[PACKET_SIZE];
unsigned long taglen; int err, x;
int err; unsigned long ptlen;
/* register cipher */ /* somehow fill key/NONCE with random values */
/* register AES */
register_cipher(&aes_desc); register_cipher(&aes_desc);
/* somehow fill key, nonce, pt */ /* init the CCM state */
/* encrypt it */
taglen = sizeof(tag);
if ((err = if ((err =
ccm_memory(find_cipher("aes"), ccm_init(&ccm, find_cipher("aes"), key, 16, PACKET_SIZE, 16, size(NONCE))) != CRYPT_OK) {
key, 16, /* 128-bit key */ whine_and_pout(err);
NULL, /* not prescheduled */
nonce, 12, /* 96-bit nonce */
NULL, 0, /* no header */
pt, 32, /* [in] 32-byte plaintext */
ct, /* [out] ciphertext */
tag, &taglen,
CCM_ENCRYPT)) != CRYPT_OK) {
printf("ccm_memory error %s\n", error_to_string(err));
return -1;
}
/* ct[0..31] and tag[0..15] now hold the output */
/* decrypt it */
taglen = sizeof(tagcp);
if ((err =
ccm_memory(find_cipher("aes"),
key, 16, /* 128-bit key */
NULL, /* not prescheduled */
nonce, 12, /* 96-bit nonce */
NULL, 0, /* no header */
pt, 32, /* [out] 32-byte plaintext */
ct, /* [in] ciphertext */
tagcp, &taglen,
CCM_DECRYPT)) != CRYPT_OK) {
printf("ccm_memory error %s\n", error_to_string(err));
return -1;
} }
/* now pt[0..31] should hold the original plaintext, /* handle us some packets */
tagcp[0..15] and tag[0..15] should have the same contents */ for (;;) {
ptlen = make_packet_we_want_to_send(pt);
/* use NONCE as counter (12 byte counter) */
for (x = 11; x >= 0; x--) {
if (++NONCE[x]) {
break;
}
}
if ((err = send_packet(pt, ptlen, NONCE, 12, NULL, 0, &ccm))
!= CRYPT_OK) {
whine_and_pout(err);
}
}
return EXIT_SUCCESS;
} }
\end{verbatim} \end{verbatim}
\end{small} \end{small}