qrm2/exts/dbconv.py

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"""
Conversion extension for qrm
---
Copyright (C) 2020-2021 classabbyamp, 0x5c
SPDX-License-Identifier: LiLiQ-Rplus-1.1
"""
import math
from enum import Enum
from typing import Optional
from dataclasses import dataclass
import discord.ext.commands as commands
import common as cmn
from data import options as opt
# not sure why but UnitConverter and Unit need to be defined before DbConvCog and convert()
class UnitConverter(commands.Converter):
async def convert(self, ctx: commands.Context, argument: str):
is_db = None
mult = None
unit = None
utype = None
try:
s = argument.lower()
if len(s) > 2 and s[:2] == "db":
is_db = True
if s[2:] in units:
u = units[s[2:]]
mult = u["mult"]
unit = u["log"]
utype = u["type"]
elif s in units:
is_db = False
u = units[s]
mult = u["mult"]
unit = u["scalar"]
utype = u["type"]
else:
raise ValueError(f"Invalid unit: {argument}")
return Unit(argument, unit, utype, is_db, mult)
except ValueError as e:
raise commands.BadArgument(message=str(e))
class UnitType(Enum):
voltage = 1
power = 2
antenna = 3
@dataclass
class Unit:
raw: str
unit: str
type: UnitType
is_db: bool
mult: int
class DbConvCog(commands.Cog):
def __init__(self, bot: commands.Bot):
self.bot = bot
@commands.command(name="dbconv", aliases=["dbc"], category=cmn.Cats.CALC)
async def _db_conv(self, ctx: commands.Context,
value: Optional[float] = None,
unit_from: Optional[UnitConverter] = None,
unit_to: Optional[UnitConverter] = None):
"""
Convert between decibels and scalar values for voltage, power, and antenna gain.
**Valid Units**
*Voltage:* V, mV, µV, uV, dBV, dBmV, dBµV, dBuV
*Power:* fW, mW, W, kW, dBf, dBm, dBW, dBk
*Antenna Gain:* dBi, dBd, dBq
"""
embed = cmn.embed_factory(ctx)
if value is not None and unit_from is not None and unit_to is not None:
converted = convert(value, unit_from, unit_to)
embed.title = f"{value:.3g} {unit_from.unit} = {converted:.3g} {unit_to.unit}"
embed.colour = cmn.colours.good
else:
embed.title = "Decibel Quick Reference"
embed.description = (
"Decibels are a great way to easily represent large quantities that are common in electronics. "
"There are a few main types that are used often in radio: voltage, power, and antenna gain. "
"Here are some commonly-used reference levels for each type:"
)
v_db_info = ("**dBV** = relative to 1 V\n"
"**dBmV** = relative to 1 mV (1e-3 V)\n"
"**dBµV** = relative to 1 µV (1e-6 V)")
embed.add_field(name="Voltage Decibels", value=v_db_info, inline=False)
p_db_info = ("**dBW** = relative to 1 W\n"
"**dBk** = relative to 1 kW (1e3 W)\n"
"**dBm** = relative to 1 mW (1e-3 W)\n"
"**dBf** = relative to 1 fW (1e-15 W)")
embed.add_field(name="Power Decibels", value=p_db_info, inline=False)
a_db_info = ("**dBi** = relative to a theoretical __i__sotropic radiator in free space "
"(equal radiation in all directions)\n"
"**dBd** = relative to a dipole in free space (0 dBd = 2.15 dBi)\n"
"**dBq** = relative to a quarter-wave antenna in free space (0 dBq = -0.85 dBi)")
embed.add_field(name="Antenna Gain Decibels", value=a_db_info, inline=False)
embed.add_field(name="Use the bot to do the conversions",
value=f"`{opt.display_prefix}dbconv [value] [unit_from] [unit_to]`",
inline=False)
await ctx.send(embed=embed)
def setup(bot: commands.Bot):
bot.add_cog(DbConvCog(bot))
def convert(initial: float, unit1: Unit, unit2: Unit):
if unit1.type == unit2.type:
# dB to dB
if unit1.is_db and unit2.is_db:
if unit1.mult == unit2.mult:
return initial
elif unit1.type == UnitType.voltage:
return _calc_volt_db(_calc_volt(initial, unit1.mult), unit2.mult)
elif unit1.type == UnitType.power:
return _calc_power_db(_calc_power(initial, unit1.mult), unit2.mult)
elif unit1.type == UnitType.antenna:
return initial + (unit1.mult - unit2.mult)
# V/W to V/W
elif not unit1.is_db and not unit2.is_db:
if unit1.mult == unit2.mult:
return initial
return initial * unit1.mult / unit2.mult
# dB to V/W
elif unit1.is_db and not unit2.is_db:
if unit1.type == UnitType.voltage:
return _calc_volt(initial, unit1.mult) / unit2.mult
elif unit1.type == UnitType.power:
return _calc_power(initial, unit1.mult) / unit2.mult
# V/W to dB
elif not unit1.is_db and unit2.is_db:
if unit1.type == UnitType.voltage:
return _calc_volt_db(initial * unit1.mult, unit2.mult)
elif unit1.type == UnitType.power:
return _calc_power_db(initial * unit1.mult, unit2.mult)
raise ValueError(f"Can't convert between {unit1} and {unit2}")
units = {
# voltage
"uv": {"mult": 1e-6, "scalar": "µV", "log": "dBµV", "type": UnitType.voltage},
"µv": {"mult": 1e-6, "scalar": "µV", "log": "dBµV", "type": UnitType.voltage},
"mv": {"mult": 1e-3, "scalar": "mV", "log": "dBmV", "type": UnitType.voltage},
"v": {"mult": 1, "scalar": "V", "log": "dBV", "type": UnitType.voltage},
# power
"fw": {"mult": 1e-15, "scalar": "fW", "log": "dBf", "type": UnitType.power},
"f": {"mult": 1e-15, "scalar": "fW", "log": "dBf", "type": UnitType.power},
"mw": {"mult": 1e-3, "scalar": "mW", "log": "dBm", "type": UnitType.power},
"m": {"mult": 1e-3, "scalar": "mW", "log": "dBm", "type": UnitType.power},
"w": {"mult": 1, "scalar": "W", "log": "dBW", "type": UnitType.power},
"kw": {"mult": 1e3, "scalar": "kW", "log": "dBk", "type": UnitType.power},
"k": {"mult": 1e3, "scalar": "kW", "log": "dBk", "type": UnitType.power},
# antenna
"q": {"mult": -0.85, "scalar": None, "log": "dBq", "type": UnitType.antenna},
"i": {"mult": 0, "scalar": None, "log": "dBi", "type": UnitType.antenna},
"d": {"mult": 2.15, "scalar": None, "log": "dBd", "type": UnitType.antenna},
}
def _calc_power_db(p: float, ref: float):
return 10 * math.log10(p / ref)
def _calc_power(db: float, ref: float):
return 10 ** (db / 10) * ref
def _calc_volt_db(v: float, ref: float):
return 20 * math.log10(v / ref)
def _calc_volt(db: float, ref: float):
return 10 ** (db / 20) * ref
# testing code
if __name__ == "__main__":
while(True):
try:
ip = input("> ").split()
initial = float(ip[0])
unit1 = Unit(ip[1])
unit2 = Unit(ip[2])
conv = convert(initial, unit1, unit2)
print(f"{initial:.2f} {unit1} = {conv:.2f} {unit2}")
except ValueError as e:
print(e)